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2023 Supreme(Kar) 1178

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
H.P.Sandesh, J.
Girija Poojarthy – Appellant
Versus
Mayyu Poojarthy – Respondent
R.S.A. No. 703/2007 (Par)
Decided On : 25-10-2023

Advocates appeared:
S.K.Acharya, Advocate, Rameshchandra, Advocate, S.N.Basavaraju, Advocate

A registered Will, executed in accordance with legal requirements, is valid and can determine the distribution of property, overriding claims for partition based on joint possession.

Headnote:

WILL - Partition of Property - Karnataka Land Reforms Act, Sections 61, 132, 135; Indian Evidence Act, Section 69 - The court analyzed the validity of a registered Will executed by Chakka Poojary, which bequeathed property to his wife, sister, and niece. The court emphasized that under the Karnataka Land Reforms Act, there is no prohibition against bequeathing property through a Will, even for properties granted under tenancy rights. The court found that the First Appellate Court erred in its assessment of the Will's validity and the applicability of the Act, ultimately confirming the Trial Court's decision that upheld the Will and dismissed the plaintiff's partition suit.

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiff sought partition of agricultural properties acquired by her deceased husband, Chakka Poojary, claiming joint possession with the defendants. The defendants contended that the properties were bequeathed to them and the plaintiff through a registered Will, which the plaintiff allegedly suppressed in her suit.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the registered Will was valid and had been executed with the necessary formalities. It concluded that the First Appellate Court had erred in reversing the Trial Court's decision, which had upheld the Will and dismissed the partition suit.

Issues: 1. Whether the First Appellate Court was justified in reversing the Trial Court's finding regarding the Will? 2. Is the partition suit maintainable given the existence of the registered Will? 3. Did the appellants prove the Will as claimed?

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the existence of a valid registered Will precludes the maintainability of a partition suit. It emphasized that the burden of proof lies with the party challenging the Will, and the First Appellate Court failed to properly assess the evidence regarding the Will's validity.

Final Decision: The appeal was allowed, the First Appellate Court's judgment was set aside, and the Trial Court's dismissal of the plaintiff's suit was confirmed.

JUDGMENT

1. This appeal is filed by defendant Nos.6 and 7 praying this Court to set aside the judgment and decree dtd. 12/9/2006 passed in R.A.No.118/205 by the First Appellate Court and confirm the judgment and decree dated 08.082003 passed in the O.S.No.325/1999 by the Trial Court.

2. The factual matrix of the case of the plaintiff before the Trial Court is that the husband of the plaintiff and father of defendant Nos.1 to 5 i.e., late Chakka Poojary acquired plaint 'A' schedule properties through the order dtd. 29/8/1981 in TRL No.273/81-82 by the Land Tribunal, Karkala consequent upon his declaration filed praying confirmation of his chalageni right of tenancy by virtue of the Karnataka Land Reforms Act. It is the case of the plaintiff that the said Chakka Poojary died intestate on 8/11/1991 leaving behind the plaintiff and defendant Nos.1 to 5 as his successors. The plaintiff and defendant Nos.1 to 5 are in joint possession, cultivation and enjoyment of plaint 'A' schedule properties since the death of said Chakka Poojary having joint legal right, interest and title over the same. The plaintiff is not getting her reasonable and equal income in the plaint 'A' schedule properties. Therefore, she does not wish to continue her joint possession, cultivation and enjoyment of plaint 'A' schedule properties hereafter. It is her case that she requested for amicable partition among herself and defendant Nos.1 to 5 and the same was ended with futile. It is contended that plaint 'A' schedule properties are the agricultural properties consisting of paddy fields. The entire plaint 'A' schedule properties are liable to be divided into six equal shares and the plaintiff is entitled for one such share. Defendant Nos.6 and 7, who are the younger sisters of the plaintiff's husband are in occupation of one of the farm house situated in the plaint 'A' schedule properties since they were permitted to reside therein. They had make false claim over the plaint 'A' schedule properties. Hence, they were made as parties to the suit and sought for the relief of partition.

3. Defendant Nos.1 to 5 appeared and given consent to pass a decree in favour of the plaintiff by filing a written statement. Defendant Nos.6 and 7 totally resisted the suit by filing their common written statement by admitting the acquisition of plaint 'A' schedule properties by Chakka Poojary as asserted by the plaintiff. They denied the entitlement of partition by the plaintiff and defendant Nos.1 to 5 contending that the said Chakka Poojary had acquired the absolute right, interest, title over the plaint 'A' schedule properties. Defendant No.6 is the sister and defendant No.7 is the niece (Sister's daughter) of late Chakka Poojary. The said Chakka Poojary died on 8/11/1991 bequeathing the plaint 'A' schedule properties in favour of the plaintiff and defendant Nos.6 and 7 by allotting 'A' to 'C' schedule properties in the registered Will dtd. 28/11/1986. The property described as 'A' schedule in the registered Will is allotted in favour of the plaintiff; the property described as 'B' schedule in the Will is allotted in favour of defendant No.6 and the property described as 'C' schedule in the Will is allotted in favour of defendant No.7. It is also their case that the said Chakka Poojary was governed by Aliyasanthana law for custom and usage even though the plaint 'A' schedule properties belonged to him absolutely. The female and female children are dominants in Aliyasanthana custom. As such, late Chakka Poojary had bequeathed the portion of plaint 'A' schedule properties in favour of defendant Nos.6 and 7 who are his sister and niece respectively out of love and affection. The said registered Will was executed by late Chakka Poojary with free disposing state of mind and volition. The said Will is not executed with coercion, undue influence, fraud and the same is a free Will. The respective parties of the Will have changed the Records of Rights in their names in respect of their s

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