SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2025 Supreme(Kar) 1520

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
V SRISHANANDA, J.
Smt. M.N. Kanakalashmi, D/o Late M. Nadakeerappa – Appellant 
Versus 
Smt. Vishalakshi Raju, W/o G.S. Siddaveerappa – Respondent 
Regular Second Appeal No. 11 of 2020 (SP)
Decided on : 13-08-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :SRI. SUYOG HERELE E, ADVOCATE

Merely admitting to a signature on a sale agreement does not establish execution; the burden of proof lies with the propounder of the document to confirm its genuineness.

Headnote:(A) Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Section 16 - Karnataka Land Reforms Act - Restrictions on sale to non-agriculturists - Appeal against dismissal of suit for specific performance of an agreement to sell - Both courts found insufficient evidence to establish agreement and execution - Agreement not enforceable due to absence of registration per Section 17 of Registration Act, as emphasized in paragraphs 25 and 26.

(B) Wills and Evidence - Requirements of proof and burden of establishing genuine documents discussed - Mere admission of signature insufficient for establishing execution as per judicial principles outlined in paragraphs 19 and 20.

(C) Trial and Appellate Procedure - Standards for judicial review of findings of fact and law illustrated, with emphasis on the necessity of cogent evidence.

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff sought to enforce a sale agreement from 1991 concerning specific property, claiming possession and payment of advance consideration, which the defendant denied, asserting the agreement was not genuine and located issues of law and registration.

Findings of Court:
Courts below upheld that the execution of the agreement was poorly evidenced, with the first appellate court re-evaluating facts but finding no merit in appeal.

Issues: The primary issues involved whether the courts erred in dismissing the case based on insufficient evidence and the enforceability of an unregistered agreement.

Ratio Decidendi: Courts determined that the plaintiff failed to substantiate the agreement sufficiently, emphasizing that burden of proof resided with the plaintiff, supported by established legal precedents.

Result: The Regular Second Appeal is dismissed.

Table of Content
1. factual background of property suit. (Para 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8)
2. arguments regarding evidence and appeal. (Para 11 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 17)
3. court's reasoning on contract enforcement. (Para 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 23)
4. ratio decidendi on agreement registration. (Para 24 , 25 , 26)
5. final conclusion: appeal dismissed. (Para 27 , 28)

JUDGMENT :

V SRISHANANDA, J.

Heard Sri. Suyog Herale, learned counsel for the appellant.

2. Unsuccessful plaintiff is the applellant challenging the dismissal of the suit in O.S. No.25/1993 seeking to enforce the agreement to sell said to have been executed by the respondent on 06.03.1991 in respect of landed property which is described as under (hereinafter referred to as 'suit property'):

1. Remaining extent in Sy.No.117, measuring 2.00 acres (including kharab)

2. Land bearing Sy.No.92 measuring 1.20 acres (The kharab totally 3.00 acres excluding kharab)

Both dry situated at Belagumba Vilalge, Tumkur Tq, having the following common boundary:

-

East by : Land of Doddahutchappa

West by : Sy.No.93,

North by : Tumkur-Belagunba Road and 2.00 acres sold to plaintiff

South by : Govt.Land.

3. Plaintiff challenged the validity of the said dismissal of the suit in appeal in R.A.No.83/2013. Learned Judge in the First Appellate Court after securing the records heard the arguments of the parties in detail and on re-appreciation of the factual aspects on the point of law, dismissed the appeal of the plaintiff and confirmed the dismissal of the suit.

4. Being aggrieved by same, present second appeal is filed factual. Factual matrix which are utmost necessary for disposal of the president appeal are as under:

Plaintiff filed a suit for specific performance of an agreement to sell in respect of the schedule property. It is his case that on 06.03.1991, defendant said to have executed an agreement to sell the suit property at Rs.20,000/- per acre and received sum of Rs.10,000/- as advance sale consideration.

-

5. It is also his case that pursuant to the agreement to sell, plaintiff was put in possession of the suit property as part performance of the contract but failed to execute the sale deed despite repeated demands and as such the legal notice came to be issued on 28.01.1993.

6. Despite the issuance of legal notice, there was no compliance and as such suit came to be filed seeking specific enforcement of the agreement to sell.

7. Pursuant to the suit, defendant entered appearance and filed detail written statement denying the very agreement itself. Defendant also denied the receipt of advanced sale consideration in sum of Rs.10,000/- and also denied the plaintiff being put into the possession of the suit property as part performance of the contract.

-

8. Defendant specifically denied the endorsement dated 10.04.1991 on the sale agreement. Defendant took a specific contention that defendant purchased the land measuring 2 acres in Sy.No.117. At that juncture, plaintiff had obtained several signatures on several stamp papers and he concocted the suit agreement by utilizing said signed blank stamp papers and short for dismissal of suit.

9. Based on the rival contentions of the parties, learned Trial Judge raised necessary issues and after hearing the arguments on both sides, dismissed the suit of the plaintiff.

10. Being aggrieved by the same, plaintiff filed an appeal before the District Court in R.A.No.83/2013.

11. Learned Judge in the First Appellate Court after securing the records, heard the arguments of the parties in detail and noting that the agreement is not established by examining the plaintiff and no proper reasons are assigned for non examination of plaintiff and PW1 being the power of attorney holder of the original plaintiff was not able to depose before the Court as to the genuineness and execution of the suit agreement, dismissed the appeal of the plaintiff.

-

12. Being further aggrieved by same, present appeal is filed on following grounds:

The impugned Judgment and decree passed by the learned courts below is a

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Judicial Analysis

AI

SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top