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2023 Supreme(Bom) 714

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY BENCH AT AURANGABAD
RAVINDRA V. GHUGE, SANJAY A. DESHMUKH, JJ.
Prasad Laxmanrao Paratwad – Appellant
Versus
The State of Maharashtra – Respondent
Writ Petition No.653 of 2023
Decided on : 28-06-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Shri V.D. Sapkal, Senior Advocate i/by Shri M.B. Karande,
Advocate
For the Respondent:Shri S.G. Sangle, Shri A.S. Bayas, Advocate for Respondent 4.

Headnote:(A) Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976 - Constitutional provisions relating to Scheduled Tribes - Caste Scrutiny Committee's powers - Invalidity of caste certificates issued based on false claims and manipulation of records highlighted. (Paras 38, 40, 41)

(B) Administrative efficiency of Scrutiny Committee - Committee's obligation to ensure authenticity of claims and proper inquiry emphasized, especially with historical records and community ties in question. (Paras 34, 36)

(C) Legislative intent - Recognizes the historical backdrop and genealogical evidence pivotal to caste claims; interference with settled law leads to waste of administrative resources. (Paras 20, 30, 31)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner's claim regarding belonging to the 'Koli Mahadev' Scheduled Tribe was rejected by the Scrutiny Committee due to glaring interpolations and lack of credible documentary support, despite the claim based on familial history.

Findings of Court:
The Court emphasized the need for lawful inquiry into caste claims and underscored that the scrutiny process must uphold the integrity of caste classifications while dismissing the petitioner's claims as fraudulent.

Issues: The Court addressed whether the petitioner legitimately belongs to the Koli Mahadev tribe, considering past family validity and the legality of previous certifications.

Ratio Decidendi: The judgment reiterates that merely having a caste entry in records does not validate claims if there is evidence of interpolation or invalid inquiries; due diligence required from Scrutiny Committees stressed.

Result: Writ Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. prayer clauses submitted by the petitioner (Para 2 , 3 , 4)
2. court's critical analysis of the caste scrutiny committee's functioning (Para 5 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
3. discussion on the historical context of koli and koli mahadev (Para 6 , 35 , 38 , 39)
4. petitioner’s stance on validity and argument against the scrutiny committee’s decision (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
5. court's order and reasoning for ruling in favor of the scrutiny committee (Para 44 , 45)

JUDGMENT :

1. Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith and heard finally by the consent of the parties.

2. The Petitioner has put forth the following prayer clauses C, D, E, F and G:-

    “C) By issuing appropriate writ, order, direction the order passed by the learned Scheduled Tribe Certificate Scrutiny Committee dated 28.11.2022 (EXHIBIT-M) passed in proceeding no. PBN/EDN/03/2014 may kindly be quashed and set aside.

    D) To hold and declare that, the petitioner belong to Koli Mahadeo Scheduled Tribe and also direct Scrutiny Committee i.e. Respondent No. 2 to issue validity certificate in favor of the petitioner by issuing appropriate writ, order, direction as the case may be.

    E) Pending hearing and final disposal of the writ petition be pleased to stay the effect operation and implementation of the order dated 28.11.2022 of Respondent No. 2, Scrutiny Committee passed in proceedings no. PBN/EDN/03/2014.

    F) Pending hearing and final disposal of the writ petition direct the respondents not to take any coercive action against the petitioner in respect of the order passed by the learned Scheduled Tribe Certificate Scrutiny Committee dated 28.11.2022 passed in proceeding no. PBN/EDN/03/2014.

    G) The Respondents may kindly be directed to grant degree certificate for MBBS course completed by the petitioner by imposing nay (sic. “any”) condition.”

3. By the impugned order dated 28.11.2022, the claim of the Petitioner of belonging to the “Koli Mahadev”, Scheduled Tribe category, has been rejected by the concerned Scheduled Tribe Certificate Scrutiny Committee.

4. The Petitioner claims to be belonging to the “Koli Mahadev”, Scheduled Tribe category. His school record indicates such entry on the basis of his father’s (Laxman) entries. On 30.09.2013, he was selected for the MBBS first year course on the basis of his claim of belonging to the Scheduled Tribe category. His father is the only person in the family, who has received a validity certificate. No other member of the family from the paternal side has received a validity certificate.

5. We have considered the extensive submissions of the Learned Senior Advocate on behalf of the Petitioner and the learned AGP on behalf of the Respondents. We have perused the original record which was also made available for the Petitioner’s perusal. We have also taken on record the photostat colour copy of the disputed entries of the two persons in the family, namely, Laxman s/o Shankar (grand father of the Petitioner) and Ram s/o Shankar, his biological brother. The whole case before us revolves around these 2 seriously manipulated entries of these 2 ancestors. To avoid repetition, we are not reproducing their submissions separately.

DETAILS AS REGARDS THE PETITIONER’S FATHER

6. Laxman Shankarrao Paratwad (now deceased) is the father of the Petitioner. He received a tribe certificate on 23.08.1982. He relied upon the validity certificate of the son of his real aunt (Aattya in Marathi and Buwa in Hindi), for seeking a validity certificate. The order of the Committee dated 08.02.2011, granting him the validity certificate, is a cyclostyled order and the blank spaces have been filled in, by handwriting. There are several blank spaces which are left blank in the said order thereby, indicating that the order had been kept ready in a cyclostyled form and issued mechanically, just by filling in the blanks.

7. The Petitioner’s father has passed away and, therefore, it is the contention of the Petitioner that his father’s case cannot be reopened for fresh scrutiny. It is

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