IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
Sunil B.Shukre, M.W.Chandwani, JJ.
Naresh Netram Nagpure – Appellant
Versus
State of Maharashtra – Respondent
Criminal Writ Petition No. 817 of 2022
Decided On : 23-12-2022
[DEFAULT BAIL] - [CRIMINAL PROCEDURE] - [IPC SECTIONS 302, 307, 324, 143, 147, 148, 149; MAHARASHTRA POLICE ACT, 1951; MCOC ACT SECTIONS 3(1), 3(4), 21(2)(b), 23] - [The court discussed the provisions of the Indian Penal Code and the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act, particularly focusing on the right to default bail under Section 167 of the Cr.P.C. The court interpreted that the right to default bail is absolute if the charge-sheet is not filed within the stipulated time, and this right is not extinguished by the subsequent filing of a charge-sheet after an application for bail has been made. The court emphasized that the refusal of sanction under the MCOC Act does not invalidate the extension of the investigation period granted by the Special Court, thus influencing the decision to deny default bail.]
Fact of the Case:
The petitioners were arrested in a case involving serious charges under the IPC and the Maharashtra Police Act. They sought default bail after the Additional Director General of Police refused to grant sanction for prosecution under the MCOC Act. The prosecution filed a charge-sheet after the petitioners applied for default bail, leading to a legal dispute over the timing and validity of the bail application.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the petitioners did not have an indefeasible right to default bail as the charge-sheet was filed before the expiry of the extended period for investigation. The court held that the refusal of sanction did not affect the validity of the extension granted by the Special Court.
Issues: Whether the petitioners were entitled to default bail under Section 167 of the Cr.P.C. after the refusal of sanction under the MCOC Act and the subsequent filing of the charge-sheet.
Ratio Decidendi: The court established that the right to default bail under Section 167(2) of the Cr.P.C. is a legislative command and not subject to judicial discretion. The filing of a charge-sheet after an application for default bail does not extinguish the right to bail if the application was made before the charge-sheet was filed.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the petition, ruling that the petitioners were not entitled to default bail as the charge-sheet was filed within the extended period allowed by the Special Court.
JUDGMENT
M.W.CHANDWANI, J. - Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith. Heard finally with the consent of the learned Counsel for the parties.
2. Arrestees in Crime No. 47/2022 take out the application for default bail. The order favours prosecution agency. Aggrieved arrestees make an unsucces sful attempt of availing revisional jurisdiction. By way of this writ petition, they challenge the orders.
3. The brief facts, which give rise to the present petition are as under: The petitioners are being prosecuted by Police Station, Ramnagar, Gondia in Crime No. 47/2022 registered for the offences punishable under Sec. 302, 307, 324, 143, 147, 148 read with sec. 149 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (I.P.C.) and sec. 135 of the Maharashtra Police Act, 1951. The petitioners were arrested in the said crime on 25/2/2022 and were produced before the Judicial Magistrate First Class, Court No. 3, Gondia. The petitioners initially were sent to Police Custody Remand (PCR) and thereafter to Magisterial Custody Remand (MCR).
4. On 30/3/2022, the prosecution invoked the provisions of Sec. 3(1) and 3(4) of the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act, 1999 (here-in-after referred to as "MCOC Act" for short) in the present case. Accordingly, by communication dated 31/3/ 2022, information was given to the Special Court. The prosecution thereafter also sought PCR of the petitioners till 12/4/2022, which was granted. Now they are in MCR.
5. On 21/5/2022, the prosecution moved an application under sec. 21(2)(b) of the MCOC Act before the Special Court for extension of time for a period of 90 days more for submission of chargesheet. By order dtd. 24/5/2022, the Special Judge granted extension of 90 days for completing the investigation for the reasons mentioned in the order. By communication dtd. 22/8/2022, the Additional Director General of Police (A.D.G.P.) refused to grant sanction to prosecute the petitioners under the provisions of MCOC Act. On the same day, i.e. on 22/8/2022 at 04:00 p.m., the petitioners filed an application for default bail before the learned Special Judge. The learned Judge passed order to call for the status report. Office of the Chief Judicial Magistrate informed that till 04:25 p.m., no charge-sheet in the said case was filed. The prosecution filed application before the Special Court for remitting the matter back to the Court of Judicial Magistrate First Class. Thereafter the application came to be filed before the Court of Judicial Magistrate First Class, Gondia. However, on the same day, i.e. on 22/8/2022, the Investigating Officer filed charge-sheet before the Court after 04:30 p.m. The Court of Judicial Magistrate First Class, Gondia, after considering the rival submissions of the respective parties, rejected the application of the petitioners for default bail. The petitioners made an unsuccessful attempt by filing revision against the order of the Court of Judicial Magistrate First Class before the Additional Sessions Judge, Gondia. Feeling aggrieved by the order of the learned Magistrate and the learned Additional Sessions Judge, the petitioners are invoking the writ jurisdiction by filing this writ petition.
6. The State filed it's reply and opposed the contention of the petitioners. It is contended that immediately after learning that the A.D.G.P did not give sanction to prosecute the petitioners under the provisions of MCOC Act, Police on the same day, filed charge-sheet before the learned Chief Judicial Magistrate. Before that, in the wake of refusal of permission to prosecute the petitioners under the MCOC Act, the Police had approached the Special Court for referring the matter to the Judicial Magistrate First Class. The learned Chief Judicial Magistrate referred the matter to the Judicial Magistrate First Class, Gondia for accepting the charge-sheet. Initially, the petitioners had filed application before the Special Court at 04:00 p.m., but after learning that the chargesheet was being filed before the Judicial Mag
The right to default bail under Section 167(2) of the Cr.P.C. is absolute and arises when the charge-sheet is not filed within the stipulated time, and this right is not extinguished by the subsequen....
(1) Default bail – Once period of detention expired, sans charge-sheet having been lodged and accused manifested intent to avail right by making application, no subterfuge to defeat indefeasible righ....
The court reaffirmed that an accused’s right to default bail is contingent on proper legal procedures being followed; improper extensions can revive these rights until the formal charge-sheet is file....
The right to default bail under Section 167(2) of the Cr.P.C. ceases once a charge-sheet is filed, even if MCOCA is invoked subsequently.
An accused is entitled to default bail under Section 167(2) of Cr.P.C. if charges are not filed within the statutory period, emphasizing the fundamental right to personal liberty.
The right to default bail under Section 167(2) of the CrPC is a fundamental right linked to personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution, and its applicability to subsequent arrestees after ....
(1) Default bail – Filing of a charge-sheet is sufficient compliance with provisions of Section 167 of Cr.P.C. and accused cannot claim any indefeasible right of being released on statutory/default b....
Point of law : The right to be released on default bail continues to remain enforceable if the accused has applied for such bail, notwithstanding pendency of the bail application; or subsequent filin....
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