IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
Anil S.Kilor, J.
Pushpa Rangdeo Patre – Appellant
Versus
Hirabai Purushottam Borikar – Respondent
Second Appeal No. 396 of 20 18
Decided On : 29-04-2022
Hindu Succession Act - Partition - Sec. 8, Sec. 6(1)(a), Sec. 6(1)(b), Sec. 6(1)(c), Sec. 4, Sec. 19 - The court discussed the applicability of Sec. 8 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 and the rights of daughters as coparceners under Sec. 6(1)(a) and their entitlement to ancestral property. The court also considered the implications of the proviso to Sec. 6(1) regarding disposition or alienation, partition, or testamentary disposition before 20/12/2004. The judgment in the case of Vineeta Sharma (supra) was referred to in determining the rights of daughters as coparceners and the validity of ancestral property partitions.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff filed a suit for partition, separate possession, and permanent injunction claiming a share in the ancestral property. The trial court decreed the suit, granting the plaintiff a 1/40th share in the property. The plaintiff appealed for a modification of the judgment to claim a 1/9th share, which was dismissed by the first appellate court.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the plaintiff, as a daughter, could claim a share in the ancestral property as a coparcener under Sec. 6(1)(a) of the Hindu Succession Act, but the proviso to Sec. 6(1) limited her entitlement based on the timing of the partition before 20/12/2004. The court also affirmed the grant of 1/40th share to the plaintiff as per the judgment of the trial court.
Issues: The issues revolved around the plaintiff's entitlement to a share in the ancestral property as a coparcener under the Hindu Succession Act, the validity of the partition before 20/12/2004, and the applicability of the judgments in the cases of Vineeta Sharma and Uttam vs. Saubhag Singh.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the plaintiff, as a daughter, could claim a share in the ancestral property as a coparcener under Sec. 6(1)(a) of the Hindu Succession Act, but her entitlement was limited by the proviso to Sec. 6(1) based on the timing of the partition before 20/12/2004. The court also affirmed the grant of 1/40th share to the plaintiff as per the judgment of the trial court.
Final Decision: The second appeal was dismissed, and no interference was required in the impugned judgment passed by the first appellate court.
JUDGMENT
1. In this appeal a challenge is raised to the judgment and decree dtd. 28/2/2018 passed by the District Judge-10, in Civil Appeal No. 28 of 2013 dismissing the appeal filed by the plaintiff for modification of judgment and decree of the trial Court and thereby upholding the judgment and decree dtd. 23/10/2012 passed by the Extra-Joint Civil Judge Junior Division, Nagpur in Regular Civil Suit No.155 of 2007, decreeing the suit for partition, separate possession and permanent injunction.
2. The brief facts of the present case are as follows: (The parties are referred to as per their status before the trial Court.) The plaintiff/ appellant filed a suit for partition, separate possession and permanent injunction. It is the case of the plaintiff that the plaintiff and defendant Nos.2 to 8 are real brothers, sisters and the defendant No.1 is mother of plaintiff. A house bearing No. 4 constructed on Nazul Sheet No.133, City Survey No.176/1, Area 500 sq.ft., situated in Ward No.48 at Nagpur is the suit property, which was originally owned by the father of the plaintiff and defendant Nos. 2 to 8, Purushottam Borikar. He died on 17/03/2003 and after his death being legal heirs the plaintiff and the defendants became owners of the suit property. It is further pleaded that the suit property is in possession of the plaintiff and it is not yet partitioned. The plaintiff therefore, filed a suit for partition.
3. The defendant Nos.1,2, 3 and 5 and defendant Nos. 4, 6 7 and 8 filed their written statements vide Exh.20 and 27 respectively. The defendants have admitted their relationship with the plaintiff, however, denied that the suit property was self acquired property of their father. It is submitted that the suit property is an ancestral property and as the plaintiff got married before 22/06/1994, she is not coparcener and cannot claim any share in the suit property.
4. The learned trial court, after scrutinizing the oral as well as documentary evidence, decreed the suit and thereby it is declared that the plaintiff is having 1/40th share in the suit property, vide judgment and decree dtd. 23/10/2012 passed in Regular Civil Suit No. 155 of 2007.
5. The plaintiff, feeling aggrieved on denial of grant of equal share i.e. 1/9th share in the suit property, for modification of the aforesaid judgment and decree, she carried an appeal namely Civil Appeal No. 28 of 2013 before the District Judge-10 at Nagpur, which came to be dismissed vide judgment and decree dtd. 28/02/2018, which is under challenge in this appeal.
6. This Court, while issuing notice on 6/8/2018 framed the substantial question of law viz. :
"In the light of decision in 2017(1) Mh.L.J. 294 (Uttam ..vs.. Saubhag Singh and others) whether the plaintiff is entitled for share in the suit property in the light of provisions of Sec. 8 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956?"
7. I have heard learned counsel for the appellant. None for the respondent.
8. Shri Kshirsagar, learned counsel for the appellant has submitted that in the recent judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India, in the case of Vineeta Sharma ..vs.. Rakesh Sharma,(2020) 9 SCC 1. and others, the judgment in the case of Prakash and others vs. Phulavati and otherS,2016(1)MhLJ1. on which the learned first appellate Court has relied upon, has been overruled. Accordingly, he submits that the learned first Appellate Court committed error in not considering the appellant as coparcener.
9. He further submits that in the light of judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in the case of Uttam ..vs.. Saubhag Singh,2017(1)MhLJ294. the appellant/plaintiff is entitled for share in the suit property in the light of provisions of Sec. 8 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act of 1956").
10. To consider the submissions made by the learned counsel for the appellant, I have perused the record and thereupon following facts emerged as admitted facts:
A) The plaintiffs and defendants, except defendant
Daughters have the right to claim a share in ancestral property as coparceners under Sec. 6(1)(a) of the Hindu Succession Act, but their entitlement is limited by the proviso to Sec. 6(1) based on th....
Daughters have equal coparcener rights in ancestral property under the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005.
The judgment establishes the principle that the coparcenary rights of daughters in ancestral property are determined by the provisions of the Tamil Nadu Act No.1 of 1990 and the Hindu Succession (Ame....
The court affirmed that ancestral property remains so despite partition, and daughters are entitled to equal shares under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, as amended.
The court affirmed that partition shares from ancestral property remain joint family property for descendants, entitling them to assert claims over the inherited property.
Daughters have equal rights as coparceners in ancestral property under the Hindu Succession Act as amended in 2005, affecting share distribution in partition cases.
(1) Partition of coparcenary property – Even amongst coparceners, it is possible for a coparcener to renounce his share to other coparceners – Consequence of such renunciation is that interest of cop....
Daughters have equal rights and shares in ancestral joint family properties under Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, as amended by the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005.
The amendment to Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act grants daughters equal rights as coparceners, allowing them to claim shares in ancestral properties irrespective of their birth date.
The ancestral property, while partitioned, remains joint family property, allowing children of a coparcener to claim their legitimate share despite their father's sale to others.
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