IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY, NAGPUR BENCH
A.S. CHANDURKAR, VRUSHALI V. JOSHI, JJ.
Arvind Sahdeo Gupta - Petitioner
Versus
Income Tax Officer, Ward – 1, Akola, Maharashtra & Ors. - Respondents
Writ Petition No. 4793 of 2021
Decided On : 08-08-2023
Income Tax Act, 1961 - Section 148, 147, 142(1), 143(2) - Re-opening of assessment - Quash assessment - Prayer seeks quashing of assessment that has been completed by virtue of order – Held, It is clear that notice issued under Section 148 of Act of 1961 seeking reopening of assessment is based on incorrect facts - Objections raised by petitioner pointing out relevant facts including proper Assessment Year to which said transaction pertained being Assessment Year coupled with fact that amount was stated to be amount being profit from sale of shares having been explained to be amount of loss, objections having been decided without any speaking order and not dealing with undisputed factual aspects leads to conclusion that re-opening of assessment is without there being any reason to believe that income has escaped assessment - Notice suffers from fundamental factual errors - An exceptional case thus having been made out to interfere in exercise of writ jurisdiction, impugned notice issued under Section 148 of Act of 1961 is quashed and set-aside – Ordered accordingly.
JUDGMENT :
A.S. Chandurkar, J.
Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith and heard the learned Counsel for the parties.
2. The challenge raised in this Writ Petition is to the notice dated 24/3/2020 that has been issued by the Income Tax Officer Ward – 1, Akola under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (for short “Act of 1961”). A further consequential prayer seeks quashing of the assessment that has been completed by virtue of order dated 29/9/2021.
3. The challenge raised to the notice issued under Section 148 of the Act of 1961 is principally on the grounds that the said notice has been issued on incorrect facts, no reasons have been given while deciding the objections raised by the petitioner to the re-opening of the proceedings and the same have been decided without passing any speaking order. In addition, it is urged that the re-opening of the proceedings is without there being any independent application of mind and no reasons to believe have been indicated by the Income Tax Officer (for short “ITO”) in that regard.
4. The facts relevant for considering the challenge are that on 24/3/2020, the ITO issued notice under Section 148 of the Act of 1961 stating therein that he had reasons to believe that the income chargeable to tax for the Assessment Year 2013-14 had escaped assessment within the meaning of Section 147 of the Act of 1961. The petitioner was accordingly called upon to deliver a return in the prescribed form for the said Assessment Year within a period of thirty days from service of the notice. The reasons for re-opening of the proceedings under Section 147 of the Act of 1961 as indicated were that from the information received and enquiry as made, it was clear that the assessee – petitioner had made investment in the purchase of shares and had earned profit from the sale of shares. The petitioner however had not offered for taxation the amount of income earned on the sale of shares of Rs.9,90,314/-. Thus, the petitioner had failed to disclose his true and correct total income while filing the return of income for the said year. As period of more than four years had lapsed from the end of the Assessment Year, sanction to issue notice under Section 148 of the Act of 1961 had been obtained from the Principal Commissioner of Income Tax under Section 151 of the Act of 1961. On 23/2/2021, notice under Section 142(1) of the Act of 1961 came to be issued calling upon the petitioner to furnish the details of the bank account and documents as referred to in the Annexure therein. The bank account statement of the petitioner’s account maintained with the HDFC Bank for the period from 1/4/2012 to 31/3/2013 was sought by the ITO. Thereafter, on 24/5/2021, similar notice under Section 142(1) of the Act of 1961 was issued seeking information with regard to each debit and credit entry exceeding Rs.50,000/- in the bank account of the petitioner maintained with the HDFC Bank. The petitioner responded to the said notices and supplied the documents demanded. On 24/8/2021, further notice under Section 142(1) of the Act of 1961 was issued in which it was stated that after perusing the bank statement, it was noticed that an amount of Rs.10,00,000/- was credited in the petitioner’s account and on the next day, an amount of Rs.9,90,314/- was debited towards AA+ Commodities. The justification for the same was sought. The petitioner responded to the said query by stating that the amount of Rs.10,00,000/- had been received from Mayur Agro Trade Private Limited and he had not purchased any shares from the said Company. On 10/9/2021, yet another notice under Section 143(2) read with Section 147 of the Act of 1961 was issued to the petitioner and the reasons for reopening the case were indicated that amount of Rs.9,90,314/- being the amount of income earned on the sale of shares had not been offered for taxation. On 13/9/2021, the petitioner responded to the said notice stating therein that the amount of Rs.9,90,314/- had not been credited in the
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Under section 147 of the Act the proceedings for the reassessment can be initiated only if the Assessing Officer has reason to believe that any income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment for any....
The challenge to a notice and order for reopening of assessment is maintainable when there is no statutory remedy available under the Act. Non-supply of material forming the basis for reopening the a....
The court emphasized the need for tangible material to believe that income had escaped assessment and held that the power to grant approval for re-opening an assessment is coupled with a duty and can....
The Assessing Officer is mandated to dispose of objections to reassessment notices by a speaking order before proceeding with the assessment.
The judgment established the importance of tangible material and the prohibition of a mere change of opinion in the exercise of power under section 147 of the Income Tax Act.
Reopening of assessment under Section 148 is invalid if based on materials already available during the original assessment, constituting a mere change of opinion without fresh evidence.
Point of Law : Court satisfied that there was prima facie material available on record before the assessing officer for issuing a notice for reassessment and the notice under Section 148.
Reassessment under Income Tax Act is impermissible on issues already addressed in a completed assessment, as it constitutes a change of opinion without new material evidence.
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