IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
Birendra Kumar, J.
Gudhiya Devi @ Gddhiya Kumari @ Guriya Kumari - Appellant
Versus
State of Bihar - Respondent
Criminal Appeal (S J) No. 125 of 2020, 129 of 2020, 712 of 2020
Decided On : 02-02-2021
Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Sections 498A and 304B – Indian Evidence Act, 1872 – Section 113B – Cruelty and dowry death – Conviction and sentence – There is complete lack of evidence that victim was subjected to cruelty or harassment by appellants in connection with any demand for dowry – One of important ingredients to prove charge under Section 304-B or 498-A of Indian Penal Code is missing in this case – Victim was married two years prior to her death in her matrimonial house – Death was caused by burn injury – There was demand of motorcycle by appellants before death – However, there is complete lack of evidence that for non-fulfillment of demand victim was being tortured or treated with cruelty – Cumulative consideration of prosecution evidence does not inspire confidence that prosecution has established beyond reasonable doubt charges levelled against appellants as there is complete lack of evidence of harassment or torture for non-fulfillment of demand of motorcycle – Conviction and sentence set aside. (Paras 13, 16, 18 and 19)
(2013) 4 SCC 131; (2007) 12 SCC 443; AIR 2016 SC 5313; AIR 2010 SC 3391 – Relied.
JUDGMENT
Birendra Kumar, J. - Heard the parties.
2. These appeals have been preferred against the judgment of conviction dated 02.12.2019 and order of sentence dated 11.12.2019 passed against the appellants by learned Additional Sessions Judge-X, Ara, Bhojpur, in Sessions Trial No.297 of 2017 corresponding to Bihiya P.S. Case No.132 of 2016.
Appellant Sanjay Sharma, who is husband of the alleged victim of dowry death, has been awarded rigorous imprisonment of 8 years and a fine of rupees ten thousand for offence under Section 304B of the Indian Penal Code. In default of payment of fine six months rigorous imprisonment has been awarded. The appellant Sanjay Sharma has further been convicted under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code and rigorous imprisonment of three years along with fine of rupees five thousand have been awarded. In default of payment of fine he was directed to undergo rigorous imprisonment for one month. Other appellants were convicted under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code only and rigorous imprisonment of three years besides fine of rupees ten thousand has been awarded. In default of payment of fine rigorous imprisonment of six months has been ordered. The sentences have been ordered to run concurrently and the fine amount is to be paid to the minor son of the victim.
3. The prosecution case as disclosed in the written report of Jagroshan Sharma (PW 3) is that daughter's daughter of Jagroshan Sharma, namely, Anshu Devi daughter of Jagjivan Sharma was married two years back with appellant Sanjay Sharma. Just after the marriage there was demand of a motorcycle from the victim and the victim used to inform about the demand to the informant. Since the informant had no money, he assured that motorcycle would be given later on. In the meantime, the victim gave birth to male child, who was of about seven months at the time of occurrence. On 04.05.2016, at about 6:00 PM, someone informed on mobile call to the daughter-in-law of the informant that victim has died after sustaining burn injury. To verify about the correctness of the information, the informant along with Gupteshwar Sharma (PW 1), Om Prakash Sharma (PW 2) and Chulhan Rai (all covillagers) went to the village of the appellants in the morning at about 6:00 AM on 05.05.2016. The informant saw that the victim was dead by sustaining burn injuries. The informant was confident that the appellants committed her murder for nonfulfillment of the demand of motorcycle. A copy of the written report is Exhibit-1 on the record.
4. On the basis of the aforesaid written report Bihiya P.S. Case No.132 of 2016 was registered under Section 304B/34 of the Indian Penal Code and after investigation of the case police submitted charge sheet accordingly.
5. The learned trial Judge framed charges under Section 304B/34 of the Indian Penal Code and under Section 302/34 of the Indian Penal Code. During trial the prosecution examined altogether six witnesses. PW 1 Gupteshwar Sharma, PW 2 Om Prakash Sharma and PW 3 Jagroshan Sharma are witnesses on the occurrence. PW 4 Dr. Arun Kumar had performed the post mortem examination. PW 5 Anil Kumar and PW 6 Vijay Kumar Singh are Investigation Officer of the case.
6. The defence also produced four witnesses DW 1 Ravi Sharma, DW 2 Tribhuwan Thakur, DW 3 Fulwariya Devi and DW 4 Dinanath Sharma. All these defence witnesses have deposed that there was no demand of dowry and the victim caught fire while cooking food.
7. Learned trial Judge has relied on the evidence of prosecution witnesses and recorded conviction as above.
8. Learned counsel for the appellants Mr. Ajay Kumar Thakur submits that Pws 1 and 2 are hearsay witnesses. Hence, the prosecution case is based on sole testimony of PW 3 the informant of this case. There is lack of iota of evidence that for non-fulfillment of the demand of motorcycle the victim was being tortured/harassed by the appellants before her death. That is why no question was put to the appellants as incriminating circ
Amar Singh V. State of Rajasthan
Baijnath and Others V. State of Madhya Pradesh
The prosecution must establish all ingredients of Section 304B IPC, including demand for dowry soon before death, to invoke presumption of guilt under Section 113B of the Evidence Act.
Dowry death and cruelty – For attracting Section 113-B of Evidence Act, prosecution must establish that deceased was subjected by appellant to cruelty or harassment for or in connection with any dema....
The prosecution must prove cruelty or harassment for dowry demand soon before death to sustain a conviction under Sections 304-B and 498-A IPC; insufficient evidence leads to acquittal.
The court upheld conviction for dowry death, emphasizing that evidence of torture and demand for dowry proven leads to presumption of causation under relevant legal provisions.
Point of Law : For offence Under Section 304-B Indian Penal Code, punishment is imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than seven years but which may extend to imprisonment for life.
The prosecution must prove that the victim was subjected to cruelty or harassment in connection with dowry demands soon before her death to establish a case under Section 304B of the IPC; failure to ....
The central legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for the prosecution to prove cruelty or harassment for dowry soon before the death of the woman in cases of dowry death under Se....
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