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2022 Supreme(Pat) 459

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CHAKRADHARI SHARAN SINGH and KHATIM REZA, JJ.
(20.10.2022)
Criminal Appeal (DB) No.245 of 2022
Jitu Yadav @ Jitendra Kumar : Appellant
Vs.
State of Bihar : Respondent

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : M/s Ramakant Sharma, Sr. Adv., Sanjay Prasad.
For the Respondent: Km. Shashi Bala Verma.

Headnote:

Indian Penal Code, 1860–Section 376 & Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989–Sections 3(W) (V) & 3(1) (i)–Rape and using abusivdy the victim's caste's name–acts falling under sub-section (a), (b), (c) and (d) of Section 375 of the IPC will constitute and offence only if the same falls in any of the seven descriptions mentioned therein–in the present case, the victim was already married having children, with her husband alive–she was not a minor–prosecution case does not lie in third, fourth, fifth and sixth of the description present u/s 375 of the IPC–further, seventh description also does not apply as it is not a case where the victim was unable to communicate her consent to the appellant for sexual intercourse–the first description u/s 375 of the IPC gives definition of 'Consent', which means an unequivocal voluntary agreement by which the woman by words, gestures or formal or informal communication, communicates willingness to participate in the specific sexual act–it can be easily be deduced from the evidence on record including testimony of the victim herself that her consent for the sexual act was unequivocal and voluntary agreement to come within the meaning of 'consent' under explanation–2 of Section 375 of the IPC–the victims here cannot be said to be so rustic as not to understand the very system of marriage–in any event, her evidence is not against the appellant of having declined to marry her after having given her false promise–she had rather complains against the family members of the appellant of maltreating her and of being opposed to the idea of allowing her to become a bahu of their family–no offences u/s 376 of the IPC is made out and conviction thereunder is set aside–conviction u/s 3(w) (v) & 3(1) (w) (i) is also not sustainable–appeal allowed. (Paras 21, 24, 38 & 39)

(2005) 1 SCC 88 para 26, (2013) 4 SCC 46 Para 21, (2019) 18 SCC 191, (2013) 9 SCC 113, (2019) 9 SCC 608, (2019) 13 SCC 1 para 12, (2013) 7 SCC 675 para 21, (2006) 11 SCC 615 para 10, (2020) 10 SCC 108–Referred.

CHAKRADHARI SHARAN SINGH, J.:–The appellant has preferred this appeal under Section 374(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Cr.P.C. for brevity) challenging the judgment of conviction dated 08.02.2022 and the order of sentence dated 10.02.2022 passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge-I, Bhagalpur, in Sessions Trial (GR) No. 131 of 2019, whereby the sole appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under:—

Convicted under Sections

Sentence

 

 

 

Imprisonment

Fine (Rs.)

In default of fine

376 of the Indian Penal Code

12 years

25,000/-

six months simple imprisonment

3(w)(v) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act

Rigorous Imprisonment for life

25,000/-

six months simple imprisonment

3(1)(w)(i) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act

Three years R.I.

5,000/-

One month simple imprisonment

2. The sentences have been ordered to run concurrently with set off under Section 428 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (Cr.P.C. for brevity) for the custody already undergone.

3. Though, this appeal was earlier placed before us for considering the appellant’s prayer for his suspension of sentence and his release on bail during the pendency of the appeal, considering the short point involved in the present appeal and keeping in mind the spirit of statutory prescription under subsection (4) of Section 374 of the Code of Criminal Procedure by an order dated 19.10.2022, the appeal was directed to be placed for final hearing today for expediting disposal of the appeal itself on merit.

4. We have heard Mr. Ramakant Sharma, learned Senior Counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant and Ms. Shashi Bala Verma, learned Additional Public Prosecutor for the State.

5. The name of the informant has been concealed in the present judgment and has been referred to as ‘P.W.-5’ or ‘the victim’.

6. A written report of the informant dated 18.08.2019 is the basis for registration of the concerned Sabour (Goradih) P.S. Case No. 258 of 2019. It is the prosecution’s case in the written report that on 08.08.2019, at 11 pm in the night, the appellant, wielding his dominance and by giving PW-5 a false promise to marry her, took her to his (appellant’s) house and established physical relationship with her. Thereafter, she (the victim) asked the appellant as to how long would he continue to have physical relationship with her by giving her false promise of marriage. In the meanwhile, upon hearing the sound of this conversation, the appellant’s father Kailash Yadav, his brothers, Sagar Yadav and Sintu Yadav, woke up and using abusively the victim’s caste’s name questioned her presence in their house, late in the night. The victim told them that for last two years, the appellant, after having established physical relationship with her, had married her. Reacting to this, accused Kailash Yadav thrashed her because of which she fell down on the ground. Accused Sagar Yadav clasped her both the hands and Sintu Yadav forcibly put poison in her mouth. After she raised outcry, the co-villagers and the village chowkidar came there and took her to Mayaganj Hospital, where she was treated. She enclosed with her written statement, the documents showing the fact that she was treated in the hospital.

7. During the course of the investigation, the victim’s statement was recorded under Section 164 of the Cr.P.C., which was marked as Exhibit-2 at the trial. In her statement under Section 164 of the Cr.P.C. recorded before the Judicial Magistrate 1st Class, Bhagalpur, on 16.09.2019, the victim disclosed that she had developed a relationship with the appellant during the course of her employment in the house of the appellant Kailash Yadav as a domestic help, for last two years. The appellant would always resist the victim going to do similar household

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