IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CHAKRADHARI SHARAN SINGH and KHATIM REZA, JJ.
Cr. App. (DB) No. 504 of 2017
(12.4.2023)
Ankit Kumar Singh
@ Ankit Singh …. Appellant
vs.
State of Bihar …. Respondent
Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 – Sections 4, 6 and 29 – Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Sections 342 and 450 – Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 – Section 25 – Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 – Sections 6(2), 15 and 16 – Sexual relationship with a minor girl – Conviction and sentence – Juvenile accused – Section 29 of POCSO Act shall have application only when prosecution is in a position to establish a prima facie case of penetrative sexual assault – There was no accusation of penetrative sexual assault in First Information Report and in her statement recorded under Section 164 of Cr.P.C. – Victim, for the first time, made improvement in case of prosecution by alleging additional facts – No certificate has been brought on record to prove age of victim and there was no medical examination for ascertainment of age – Omission of important fact of commission of rape/ penetrative sexual assault in FIR affecting probabilities of case is relevant under Section 11 of Evidence Act in judging veracity of prosecution's case – Prosecution failed to discharge its primary duty of making out a case of penetrative sexual assault within meaning of Section 3 of POCSO Act – However, commission of offence of sexual assault within meaning of Section 7 of POCSO Act punishable under Section 8 of POCSO Act stands proved with aid of Section 29 of POCSO Act – Conviction of appellant for commission of offence punishable under Section 6 of POCSO Act and Section 376(2) of IPC set aside – Appellant has already remained in custody for more than five years – Appellant to be released forthwith if not required in any other case. (Paras 20, 29, 32, 37, 38, 39, 40 and 41)
Chakradhari Sharan Singh, J.—By the impugned judgment and order dated 30.03.2017/04.04.2017 passed by the learned Special Judge, POCSO Act, Muzaffarpur in Meenapur P.S. Case No. 320 of 2014, Trial No. 26 of 2015, the appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under:—
| Conviction under Section | Imprisonment | Sentence Fine (Rs.) | In default of fine |
| 6 of the POCSO Act | For Life | 20,000/- | SI for one year |
| 342 of the IPC | SI for six months | — | — |
| 450 of the IPC | RI for five years | — | — |
2. The date of occurrence as per the prosecution’s case is 26.07.2014. During the pendency of this appeal an application came to be filed giving rise to I.A. No. 1 of 2019 for sending the records of the case to the Juvenile Justice Board (JJB in short) in order to ascertain the juvenility of the appellant as on the date of occurrence, on the ground that the family of the appellant got hold of matriculation certificate issued by the Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB in short) during the pendency of this appeal, wherein the date of birth of the appellant has been entered as 28.08.1998. A Marksheet dated 05.06.2014 and an Admit Card issued by the BSEB for Annual Secondary Examination, 2014 have been brought on record along with I.A. No. 1 of 2019, wherein the appellant's date of birth has been entered as 28.08.1998.
3. In view of the plea of juvenility taken in the application, this Court, by an order dated 17.02.2020, had referred the issue of ascertainment of age of the appellant as on the date of occurrence to the JJB, Muzaffarpur. The JJB, in turn, had communicated its order dated 09.10.2020 through letter No. 394 dated 13.10.2020 determining the age of the appellant to be 15 years ten months and 28 days as on the date of occurrence i.e. 26.07.2014.
4. The said determination of age made by the JJB was apparently based on the registration certificate, photostat copy of the Admit Card and the original copy of the transfer certificate. Based on these documents and the entry made in the admission register maintained at Ram Krishna Uchcha Vidyalaya, Meenapur, Muzaffarpur, the JJB has concluded that the date of birth of the appellant is 28.08.1998. It further appears from the said order that the prosecution did not oppose before the JJB the said entries made in the educational certificates/ school register.
5. In order to cross-check the correctness of the finding recorded by the JJB as regards the appellant’s age as on the date of occurrence, this Court by an order dated 18.10.2022 had directed the Registry to seek a report from the BSEB by sending the photostat copies of the Marksheet and Admit Card as to whether the said Mark-sheet and the Admit Card were issued by the BSEB in the name of the appellant Ankit Kumar, son of Munindra Singh with his mother’s name Bindu Devi.
6. In response to the said order, the Vigilance Officer, BSEB has sent a report to this Court certifying the date of birth of the appellant as recorded in the Mark-sheet to be 28.08.1998, upon verification from the records maintained by the BSEB.
7. In view of the report of the BSEB as noted above and the order passed by the JJB dated 09.10.2020, the appellant is declared to be a juvenile within the meaning of Section 2(k) of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 (‘JJ Act, 2000’ in short), he being below 18 years of age as on the date of occurrence.
8. I.A. No. 1 of 2019 is accordingly disposed of.
9. It would be apt to notice, at this juncture, that since the date of occurrence is 26.07.2014, the provisions under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 (‘JJ Act, 2015’ in short) shall have no application in view of Section 25 thereof which reads as under:—
“25. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, all proceedings in respect of a child alleged or found to be in conflict with law pending bef
(1) It is only when there is penetrative sexual assault which implies sexual contact with or without consent of minor victim, that offences under POCSO Act are committed.(2) Only in absence of birth ....
The victim's testimony in a sexual assault case stands at a higher pedestal than injured witness and needs no corroboration.
School certificate determines minor's age preferentially; POCSO conviction upheld on credible victim testimony despite delay, contradictions (unproved), negative medicals; presumption activated post ....
The court emphasized the reliability of the victim's testimony while clarifying that mere sexual assault does not meet the threshold for aggravated charges under POCSO, which necessitates proof of pe....
The reliability of the prosecutrix's testimony and the admissibility of res gestae evidence were central to the court's decision.
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