IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
MOHIT KUMAR SHAH, J.
Criminal Misc. No. 9472 of 2017
(20.9.2023)
Mahendra Sah & Ors. ... Petitioners
vs.
State of Bihar & Ors. ... Opp. Parties
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973–Section 482–Quashing of Cognizance offences under Sections 498 (A) and 379 IPC–impugned order has been passed mechanically without application of mind, as also without considering the prevalent law on the subject matter apart from it not having considered the nature of allegations levelled against the individual accused persons including the petitioners herein–petitioners herein are in–laws of the opposite party no. 2 (complainant), living separately and at a different place, having nothing to do with the affairs of the opposite party no. 2/ her husband, which is apparent from the facts of the case and moreover, so specific allegation of any assault, abuse or demand of dowry has been made qua the petitioners herein, nor it has been explained as to how, where and when the petitioners had tortured the opposite party no. 2 or demanded dowry from her and on the contrary, it is found that only a general and omnibus allegation has been levelled against the petitioners by the opposite party no. 2, obviously with oblique motives and probably with a view to increasing bargaining power–it would be unfair to compel the petitioners herein to undergo the rigors of a criminal trial–even otherwise, the impugned order taking cognizance is perverse and passed in a mechanical manner–allegations levelled in the complaint petition do not prima facie constitute any offence against the petitioner–impugned order against the petition accordingly, quashed–petition allowed. (Paras 9, 10 & 11)
(2010) 7 SCC 667 paras 21, 23 to 26, 29, 32, 34, 35 & 39, (2012) 10 SCC 741, (1998) 5 SCC 749, (2015) 12 SCC 420–Referred.
Mohit Kumar Shah, J. – The present petition has been filed for quashing the order dt. 3.1.2017, passed by the Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Sasaram (Rohtas), in connection with Complaint case no. 941 of 2016 (Trial No. 702 of 2017), whereby and whereunder cognizance has been taken against the petitioners and others under Sections 498(A) and 379 of the Indian Penal Code.
2. The case of the prosecution in brief, according to the complainant-opposite party no. 2 is that her marriage was solemnized on 11.03.2011 with one Pankaj Shashi as per Hindu rites and rituals, during the course whereof, the parents of the opposite party no. 2 had given a sum of Rs. 3 lacs in cash by way of dowry, however, the accused persons had been demanding jewellery, nonetheless, the opposite party no. 2 had gone to her matrimonial home and after some time, the accused persons started pressurizing the opposite party no. 2 to ask her father to pay a sum of Rs. 3 lacs and jewellery by way of dowry, however, upon refusal to do so, they started harassing and beating her. It has also been stated in the complaint petition that the opposite party no. 2 was of the view that with passage of time, the situation would improve, however the accused persons did not stop harassing her and on 15.02.2015, they had tried to kill her by pouring kerosene oil on her body, however, upon alarm being raised, the neighboring people and police had arrived, whereafter a compromise was arrived at in between the opposite party no. 2 and the accused persons and then the opposite party no. 2 had again gone to her matrimonial home. It is next alleged that after few days, the accused persons again started harassing the opposite party no. 2 and on 07.08.2016, they had beaten her as also snatched her jewellery and clothes, whereafter the husband of the opposite party no. 2 and others had made her forcibly sit in a car, taken her to an unknown place and dropped her there, whereafter they had fled away, however, somehow she had reached her parental home.
3. The learned counsel for the petitioners has submitted that as far as the petitioners are concerned, petitioner no. 1 is the father-in-law of the opposite party no. 2 while petitioner no. 2 is the mother-in-law, petitioners no. 3 and 4 are brothers-in-law and petitioners no. 5 and 6 are sisters-in-law of the opposite party no. 2 and they do not have any role to play in the alleged occurrence. It is also submitted that the incident in question is a dispute in between the husband and wife i.e. the opposite party no. 2 and her husband namely Pankaj Shahi. It is also submitted that the petitioners are living separately from the opposite party no. 2 and her husband, hence, they are not having any role to play in the alleged occurrence, nonetheless, no specific allegation has been levelled in the complaint petition qua them. It is next contended by the learned counsel for the petitioners that the learned court below has taken cognizance against the petitioners in a mechanical manner and without application of judicial mind, hence the same is required to be set aside.
4. Per contra, the learned APP for the State and the learned counsel for the opposite party no. 2 have though vehemently opposed the present petition, however, they have not been able to show that any specific role has been attributed to the petitioners in the alleged occurrence and on the contrary, they have admitted that the impugned order dated 03.01.2017 is a cryptic order and does not depict that any material is available qua the petitioners herein so as to warrant taking cognizance of the offences alleged, whereas the same has been passed in a mechanical manner without any application of mind.
5. I have heard the learned counsel for the parties and perused the materials on record.
6. At this juncture, it would be relevant to refer to a judgment rendered by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Preeti Gupta vs. State of Jharkhand, reported in 2010(7) SCC 667, paragraph nos.
Preeti Gupta vs. State of Jharkhand
Geeta Mehrotra vs. State of Uttar Pradesh
The court emphasized that general allegations in dowry cases against relatives can lead to misuse of law, necessitating specificity to avoid wrongful prosecution under Section 498-A IPC.
The judgment established the need to scrutinize allegations in dowry harassment cases and prevent the abuse of process of the court, especially when vague and general accusations are made against the....
The court established that specific allegations are necessary to proceed with dowry harassment cases against relatives, to prevent misuse of legal provisions.
The court established that in cases of matrimonial disputes, specific allegations must be made against each accused, and the existence of a compromise can lead to the quashing of criminal proceedings....
Vague and general allegations in dowry harassment cases do not constitute a prima facie case, necessitating specific allegations to prevent misuse of legal provisions.
General and omnibus allegations in dowry cases do not constitute a prima facie offense, necessitating specificity for the prosecution of in-laws.
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