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2023 Supreme(Pat) 929

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
MOHIT KUMAR SHAH, J.
CWJC No. 1583 of 2023
(19.10.2023)
S.M. Zafar Imam ... Petitioner
vs.
State of Bihar & Ors. ... Respondents

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioners: M/s Lalit Kishore, Sr. Adv., Sarva Deo Singh.
For the State : M/s Ebadur Rahman Shakeb, AC to AAG-12.
For the Intervenor- : Mr. Pratap Sharma.
Resp. No. 7

Headnote:

Bihar Tenancy Act, 1885–Section 106 read with Limitation Act, 1963–Case filed u/s 106–Limitation–it is a trite law that a case filed under Section 106 of the Act, 1885 is a suit and is coverd by the provisions of the limitation Act and there is no power vested in the authority to condone the delay in filing the suit, filed beyond the time prescribed, hence, any suit, filed beyond the period of limitation, cannot be entertained, inasmuch as the same is impermissible in law–in the present case, records of right was prepared and published on 03.03.1984 whereas the suit has been filed on 04.07.2006, hence the same is clearly by the law of limitation. (Para 16)

Bihar Public Land Encroachment Act, 1956–Section 9–Burden of Proof–position of a person, proceeded against in a proceeding under the Act, 1956 is that of a defendant, hence, once the respondent–state has been able to show, even prima facie, that the subject matter of the proceeding is recorded in public or other official record as belonging to the Government etc or is recorded as a public land/road, it will be for the defendant i.e. the encroacher to discharge the burden of proving that the land is not a public land/road or has ceased to be public land/road–here, the petitioner has miserably failed to discharge the burden of proving that the land in question is not a public land or has ceased to be a public land. (Para 24)

Bihar Tenancy Act, 1885–Section 106–Decree passed against a dead person–Validity of–it is a well settled law that a judgement/decree passed in favour of a dead person is a nullity in the eyes of law–admittedly, in the present case, judgement/ decree dated 30.04.2009, has been passed by the Presiding Officer/Assistant Settlement Officer, in favour of the deceased Bibi Nabiul Fatima, hence the same is nullity in the eye of law and is of no help to the petitioner, thus his case solely based upon the same is bound to fail–the Writ petition has no merit and stands dismissed–however, status quo granted for two week in order to enable the petitioner to avail appropriate remedies. (Paras 20 & 26)

(1982) 2 SCC 134, (2019) 20 SCC 705, 1992 (2) PLJR 854, 2016 (4) PLJR 122, 2001 (2) PLJR 587, 2014 (3) PLJR 798, 2017 (1) PLJR 818, 2004 (3) PLJR 114, 1998 (3) PLJR 490, (1994) 1 SCC 1, (2009) 14 SCC 294, (2001) 5 SCC 570 paras 15, 17, 19 & 23 (2017) 13 SCC 414, AIR 1976 Patna 233, 1994 (1) PLJR 99 paras 11 & 13, AIR 1957 SC 529, 2020 SCC Online SC 433, AIR 1964 SC 1419, (1982) 2 SCC 134, 2023 (5) BLJ 372–Referred.

Mohit Kumar Shah, J. – The present writ petition has been filed for quashing the notice, issued by the Circle Officer, Benipur, Darbhanga, under the provisions of the Bihar Public Land Encroachment Act, 1956 (hereinafter referred to as the “Act, 1956”), dt. 02.8.2021, in connection with Encroachment Case No. 23 of 2011-12, by which the petitioner has been directed to remove the encroachment by 10.08.2021. The petitioner has also sought quashing of memo dated 28.12.2022, issued by the Circle Officer, Benipur, whereby and whereunder the petitioner has been asked to submit evidence within three days regarding his right, title and interest over the land in question, in view of the fact that the copy of khatiyan, submitted by the petitioner, upon being verified from the District Record Room, Darbhanga, has not been found to have been issued from the District Record Room, Darbhanga and the same is forged.

2. At the outset, it would be apt to point out that several interlocutory applications have been filed in the present case, out of which, while I.A. No. 2 of 2023, I.A. No. 3 of 2023 and I.A. No. 4 of 2023 have been filed by the petitioner, I.A. No. 1 of 2023 has been filed by the brother of the petitioner namely Sri. S. M. Naiyer Imam, seeking to intervene in the present case for being impleaded as Respondent No. 7. In fact, the order dated 03.04.2023, passed in the present case, would show that a copy of I.A. No. 1 of 2023, filed by the proposed intervenor respondent, has already been handed over to the learned counsel for the petitioner. The learned Senior Counsel / counsels for the parties hold a unanimous view to the effect that technicalities should not come in the way of imparting justice, hence, all the interlocutory applications may be allowed. Accordingly, I.A. No. 1 of 2023, I.A. No. 2 of 2023, I.A. No. 3 of 2023 and I.A. No. 4 of 2023 are allowed. The registry shall add the additional prayers made in I.A. No. 2 of 2023, I.A. No. 3 of 2023 and I.A. No. 4 of 2023 to the prayer portion of the main writ petition as well as depict proposed intervenor of I.A. No. 1 of 2023 as Respondent No. 7 to the present writ petition.

3. The learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner had also submitted that the pleadings are complete in the present case and the petitioner does not wish to file any reply to I.A. No. 1 of 2023, inasmuch as the same is formal in nature and the averments already pleaded by the petitioner in the writ petition, interlocutory applications and the supplementary affidavits etc., filed in the present case, are more than sufficient. In fact, the learned counsel for the Respondent-State had also submitted that the counter affidavit, filed by the District Magistrate, Darbhanga, is sufficient to deal with all the interlocutory applications. Similarly, no inclination has been shown by the learned counsel for the intervenor respondent to file any further affidavit. It had been unanimously submitted at bar by the learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner and the learned counsels for the Respondents including that of the intervenor Respondent that the present case be heard on merits and it be decided finally. Thus the learned Senior counsel for the petitioner/learned counsels for the Respondents were heard at length on 17.4.2023 and the judgment was reserved.

4. Thus, in nutshell, the petitioner has prayed for quashing the notice dated 2.8.2021, issued by the Circle Officer, Benipur, the memo dated 28.12.2022, issued by the Circle Officer, Benipur, the letter dated 28.2.2023, issued by the Circle Officer, Benipur to the Collector cum District Consolidation/Settlement Officer, Darbhanga, to cancel Case No. 316 of 2006, the order dated 02.03.2023, passed by the Circle Officer, Benipur under Section 6(1) of the Act, 1956, declaring the land in question to be a public land and the joint inspection report dated 28.3.2023.

Facts of the Case:

5. The brief facts of the case, according to the petitioner, are that earlier notice was issue

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