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2025 Supreme(Pat) 748

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
Sandeep Kumar, J.
Rana Rahul Ranjan, son of Ashok Singh - Petitioner
Versus
The State of Bihar through the Chief Secretary and ors. - Respondents
Criminal Writ Jurisdiction Case No.443 of 2025
Decided On : 30-07-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Sanjay Kumar Singh, Advocate
For the Respondent:S.C.20, Mr. Manoj Kumar Singh, CGC, Mr. Ankit Kumar Singh, Advocate, Mr. Amarjeet, Advocate

The necessity for a C.B.I. investigation arises in cases where police personnel are accused, ensuring fairness and public confidence in the judicial process.

Headnote:(A) Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 - Sections 126(2), 115(2), 109, 103(1), 351(2)/3(5) - Arms Act - Section 27 - Allegations against police officials for murder during an event celebration - Allegation of misuse of police power to distort investigation by the local police - The Court directed the C.B.I. to conduct the investigation to ensure fairness and impartiality (Paras 1, 34, 44).

(B) Fair Investigation - The necessity for an independent agency arises when police personnel are accused to prevent bias and enhance public confidence in the legal process (Paras 33, 42).

(C) Legal Precedent - The Supreme Court emphasized that justice must not only be done but must appear to be done (Paras 56, 59).

Facts of the case:
The petition arises from a tragic incident on 27.12.2024, where the petitioner's brother was shot during his birthday celebration, allegedly by police officials. The petitioner claims that after the incident, two F.I.R.s were registered by the accused police to distort the narrative, claiming self-defense. The ghost of misaddressed investigations hung heavily as the truth remained obscured, compelling the petitioner to seek C.B.I. intervention.

Findings of Court:
The Court ruled that the Bihar police could not be deemed capable of a fair investigation due to potential biases against their own officials. To safeguard the integrity of the investigation, the case should be entrusted to an independent authority.

Issues: Whether the circumstances warrant an independent investigation by C.B.I., given the allegations against police personnel.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court reasoned that due to the direct involvement of police officials in the allegations, there is a compelling need to ensure the investigation is handled impartially to maintain public trust in the justice system.

Result: The writ application is allowed, directing the C.B.I. to investigate the matter.

Table of Content
1. request for fair investigation (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. fir registration process and allegations (Para 6 , 11 , 20)
3. delay in investigation and misuse of powers (Para 14 , 15 , 16)
4. need for impartial investigation (Para 29 , 30 , 32)
5. transfer of investigation to cbi (Para 39 , 42)
6. final order for investigation (Para 45 , 46)

JUDGMENT :

Sandeep Kumar, J.

Heard learned counsel for the petitioner, learned counsel for the State and learned counsel for the Central Bureau of Investigation (C.B.I.).

2. In this case, the petitioner has prayed for the following reliefs: -

“(i) To issue an appropriate writ, order or direction in the nature of mandamus commanding the Respondents to conduct proper, fair, impartial and speedy investigation in a time bound manner following the due process of law in Sasaram Town Model Police Station Case No.1040 of 2024, registered for the commission of offences punishable under sections 126(2), 115(2), 109, 103(1), 351(2)/3(5) of the Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, and section 27 of the Arms Act.

(ii) To direct the C.I.D. to take evidence from the eye witnesses immediately and to arrest the accused police officer and his bodyguard as there is a specific allegation of murder against them.

(iii) To direct the learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Sasaram, Rohtas, to monitor the investigation of the above-mentioned case properly, because in this case there is a specific allegation of shooting the petitioner's brother against a Police Officer (Deputy Superintendent of Police, Traffic) and his bodyguard.”

3. The present criminal writ petition emanates from an incident which is alleged to have taken place on the night of 27.12.2024 at about 10:00 P.M., in which the younger brother of the present petitioner was killed at the hands of the police officials.

4. In the present F.I.R. instituted by the petitioner/informant, it is alleged that on the night of 27.12.2024 at about 10:00 P.M. the younger brother of the petitioner and his friends were gathered in the courtyard of the dwelling house of one Kalika Singh situated near ‘Pir Baba’ courtyard in Sasaram to celebrate the birthday of their friend Sivam Singh. At that time, the Deputy Superintendent (Traffic) namely, Adil Bilal and his bodyguard namely, Chandramauli Nagia along with 3-4 unknown persons came to the said place and started enquiring and when the brother of the informant and his friends objected to the same, the aforesaid police officials threatened them and suddenly opened fired from the service revolver aiming at the brother of the informant and his friends. In the said firing, the brother of the petitioner died on spot and two friends of the brother of the informant namely, Atul Singh and Vinod Pal sustained serious injuries. It is also alleged that thereafter the Dy. S.P. threatened the other persons to implicate them in false and frivolous cases.

4.1. Lastly, it is alleged that that on the aforesaid night, the friends of the brother of the informant were consuming alcohol and this fact was in the knowledge of the Dy. S.P. who was present nearby at the place of occurrence in a van of traffic police station and therefore, he came there in order to extort money from the persons who were celebrating the birthday party which is the cause of the occurrence.

5. Apart from the allegations made in the F.I.R., it is the case of the petitioner that the informant has merely signed on the application based on which the present F.I.R. vide Sasaram Town P.S. Case No.1040 of 2024 was registered since he was compelled by the police officials and according to the petitioner, the contents of the aforesaid F.I.R. are not exactly the same as per the real/actual scenario.

6. It is the case of the petitioner that the real fact is that on the date of occurrence i.e. on 27.12.2024 some persons including Sudhir, Atul, Vikash, Aniket, Binod and Rana Om Prakash had gathered in the courtyard of the dwelling house of one Kalika Singh situated at Sasaram to celebrate the b






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