Calcutta High Court
PRABIR KUMAR MAJUMDAR AND ABANI MOHAN SINHA, JJ.
Pragati Engineering (P) Ltd. - Appellant
Versus
Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board - Respondents
Appeal 458 of 84
Decided On : 7 March 1991
ARBITRATION - STAY OF SUIT - SECTION 34 OF THE ARBITRATION ACT, 1940 - APPLICATION FOR STAY - CONDITIONS - ARBITRATION AGREEMENT - EXISTENCE AND COVERAGE OF DISPUTE - READINESS AND WILLINGNESS TO ARBITRATE - SUFFICIENCY OF REASON NOT TO REFER TO ARBITRATION - BIAS OF ARBITRATOR - DISCRETION OF COURT.
Fact of the Case:
The appellant, a supplier of goods, filed a suit against the respondent, a government body, for the price of goods sold and delivered. The respondent applied for a stay of the suit under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act, 1940, contending that the contracts between the parties contained an arbitration clause and that the disputes arose out of the said contracts.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the arbitration agreement between the parties was valid and enforceable, and that the disputes raised in the suit were covered by the arbitration agreement. The court further held that the respondent was ready and willing to arbitrate the disputes, and that there was no sufficient reason why the matter should not be referred to arbitration.
Issues: 1. Whether there was a valid and enforceable arbitration agreement between the parties. 2. Whether the disputes raised in the suit were covered by the arbitration agreement. 3. Whether the respondent was ready and willing to arbitrate the disputes. 4. Whether there was any sufficient reason why the matter should not be referred to arbitration.
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the arbitration agreement was valid and enforceable based on the following findings: - The arbitration clause was contained in the tender notice, tender, special conditions of contract, letter of acceptance, and articles of agreement. - The appellant signed each of the documents and accepted the same. - The arbitration clause was clear and unambiguous. 2. The court held that the disputes raised in the suit were covered by the arbitration agreement based on the following findings: - The appellant's claim was for the price of goods sold and delivered under the contracts. - The respondent denied liability, alleging that the goods were not of the agreed specification and that the appellant committed breaches of the contracts. - The arbitration clause covered any dispute or difference between the parties to the contract as to the interpretation of the contract or as to any matter or thing arising thereunder. 3. The court held that the respondent was ready and willing to arbitrate the disputes based on the following findings: - The respondent had denied liability and alleged breaches of contract in its reply to the appellant's notice. - The respondent had referred the disputes to arbitration before the appellant filed a written statement in the suit. - The respondent had not taken any steps in the proceedings that would disentitle it from invoking Section 34 of the Arbitration Act. 4. The court held that there was no sufficient reason why the matter should not be referred to arbitration based on the following findings: - The appellant's allegation of fraud was not a vital issue in the arbitration proceedings. - The appellant had not provided any particulars or evidence of bias on the part of the arbitrator.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the appeal and affirmed the judgment and order of the trial court staying the suit under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act, 1940.
PRABIR KUMAR MAJUMDAR, J. :- This appeal is against the judgment and order dated 10th September, 1984 passed by a learned single Judge of this Court staying the Suit No. 697 of 1983 of the appellant under S. 34 of the Arbitration Act, 1940.
2. The suit was filed on the basis of several contracts entered into between the plaintiff and defendant. The appellant/plaintiff had filed a suit against the defendant for price of goods sold and delivered.
3. The respondent made an application under S. 34 of the Arbitration Act, 1940 for staying of the suit filed by the plaintiff/appellant, inter alia, contending that each of the contracts on the basis of which the suit has been filed contained an arbitration clause and such arbitration agreement covered the subject matter of the suit. It was contended on behalf of the respondent before the Trial Court that each of the said contracts provided that the Project Engineer, special Project Circle, Coimbatore shall be the Arbitrator for any dispute arising out of the transaction. The appellant, however, submitted before the Trial Court that none of the said eight contracts being the subject matter of the suit contained any arbitration clause and in any event the arbitration agreement, if any, did not cover the subject matter of the suit.
4. The first point urged by the appellant in this appeal was that there was no arbitration agreement between the parties in pursuance of which the matter could be referred to arbitration. According to the appellant, as also has been urged before the Trial Court, purchase orders in the eight different contracts being the subject matter of the suit do not contain any arbitration agreement and hence the disputes between the parties are not covered by any arbitration agreement and as such there is no ground for stay of the suit under S. 34 of the Arbitration Act, 1940.
5. It appears from the facts of the case that the disputes between the parties arose out of eight contracts in respect of each of which a purchase order was issued. In respect of five of such contracts formal agreements were signed and executed by and between the parties and for the rest of the contracts, namely, in respect of three contracts, no formal agreement was signed. All the contracts between the parties were evidenced by document constituting Tender Notice, Tender, Special Conditions of Contracts, letter of Acceptance, and in respect of five of the said contracts, the Articles of Agreement. It is submitted by the respondent that the appellant submitted its tender enclosing therewith the documents which are at pages 20 to 36 of the paper book. The respondent submits that in other words the conditions contained in the Tender notice, the Tender and Special Conditions of contract from part of the offer of the appellant. It appears to us that this is borne out from the fact that each of the documents mentioned above is signed by or on behalf of the appellant and signature of one of its partner appearing at the bottom of each page of the document. It is submitted by the respondent that the aforesaid offer of the appellant was accepted by and on behalf of the respondent by its letter of acceptance which is at page 33 of the Additional paper book.
The relevant arbitration clause is as follows :
"Arbitration : In case of any dispute or difference between the parties to the contract either during the progress or after the completion of the works or after the determination, abandonment or breach of the contract as to the interpretation of the contract as to any matter or thing arising thereunder except as to the matters left to the sole discretion of the Executive Engineer under Clauses 20, 22, 27(c), 29, 36, 27 and 40 of the Preliminary Specification, or as to the with helding by the Executive Engineer of payment of any bill to which the contract may claim to be entitled, then either party shall forthwith give to the other notice of such dispute or difference and such dispute or differenc
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