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2025 Supreme(Cal) 936

CALCUTTA HIGH COURT, IN THE CIRCUIT BENCH AT JALPAIGURI
Aniruddha Roy, J.
M/S. Greenzen Bio Private Limited & Anr. – Appellants
Versus
The State of West Bengal & Ors. – Respondents
WPA 443 OF 2025 With I.A. No.CAN 1 of 2025
Decided On : 23-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Ms. Reshmi Ghosh (VC), Mr. Deborshi Dhar, Ms. Prana Mukherjee, Ms. Taniya Bhowmik
For the Respondent: Mr. Ajay Singhal, Mr. Rohit Agarwal, Ms. Heena Yasmin Shaikh, Mr. Diwash Gupta, Ms. Chiroshree Dey., Mr. Momenur Rahman, Mr. Kumar Shantanu. (VC), Mr. Momenur Rahman, Mr. Bikash Singha

Writ jurisdiction can be denied if an alternative statutory remedy exists, and suppression of material facts must significantly impact the case's adjudication.

Headnote:(A) Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 - National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 - The petitioner sought cancellation of environmental clearances and consent to establish for a waste treatment facility, alleging suppression of material facts and alternative remedies under the 2010 Act. The court found no suppression, affirming that the two writ petitions addressed different reliefs, and the existence of an alternative remedy under the 2010 Act barred the exercise of writ jurisdiction. (Paras 6, 12, 51, 52)

(B) Suppression of Material Facts - The court reiterated that mere suppression does not invalidate a petition unless it directly affects the adjudication, noting that different scopes between the two writ petitions mean no suppression occurred. (Paras 20, 26)

Facts of the case:
The first writ petition challenged recommendations for setting up waste management facilities by another entity, was disposed of without orders. The second writ petition involved environmental clearance and consent issued after the first petition, leading to claims of material fact suppression.

Findings of Court:
No material suppression was found, and as the second petition's reliefs were different, the applicant's objections were overruled. The writ petition was dismissed due to the existence of alternative remedies.

Issues: Whether the second writ petition is maintainable considering the existence of an alternative remedy and if any suppression of material facts occurred.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the existence of an effective alternative remedy is a self-imposed restraint in exercising writ jurisdiction and reiterated that suppression must have a direct bearing on the case.

Result: Writ Petition dismissed due to the existence of an alternative remedy.

Table of Content
1. interlocutory application details and factual background. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6)
2. arguments regarding the application of res judicata and suppression of facts. (Para 7 , 9 , 10 , 12 , 15 , 16)
3. court's observation on the res judicata and suppression of facts. (Para 18 , 34)
4. existence of alternative remedy and its implications. (Para 36 , 38 , 41 , 44)
5. dismissal of the writ petition with directions for appeal. (Para 53 , 54 , 55)

Aniruddha Roy, J.

FACTS:

1. I.A. No. CAN 1 of 2025 is an interlocutory application taken out by the respondent No.9 in the writ petition, Unique Universal Bio-Waste LLP (for short Unique Universal), inter alia, praying for following relief :

“Under the premises as aforesaid Your Lordship would graciously be pleased to pass an order dismissing the instant Writ Petition as not maintainable and pass such further order and/or orders as Your Lordship may deem fit and proper so as to protect the right and interest of the respondent No.9;

And

Your petitioner prays for such Orders and/or further orders as Your Lordships may deem fit and proper.”

2. Pursuant to the direction made by the Coordinate Bench, the writ petitioners were directed to file affidavit-in-opposition to the said application and the respondent No.9/applicant (for short the applicant) was directed to file its affidavit-in-reply. Accordingly, the parties have filed and exchanged their respective affidavits. The Coordinate Bench also directed the respondents, which includes the applicant to file affidavit-in-opposition in the writ petition and the writ petitioners to file affidavit-in-reply thereto.

3. Since the applicant being the respondent No.9 in the writ petition has taken out the instant application, it has not filed affidavit-in-opposition to the writ petition, as yet. The applicant has also filed a written notes in this application.

4. The facts which are inescapable for adjudication of the instant application are only narrated.

5. This is the second round of writ litigation by the writ petitioners. The first writ petitioner herein (for short Greenzen) is engaged in the business of dealing with Bio-Medical Waste Disposals, which are principally waste management of primary Bio-Medical Wastes. Greenzen claims to be an operator of a Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBNWTF). Greenzen claims to have owned and controlled the Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility for allocation, reception, storage, transport, treatment, disposal or any other form of handling Bio-Medical Waste. The working of Greenzen is governed and controlled under the provisions of Bio- Medical Waste Management Rules 2016 (for short the said 2016 Rules). According to Greenzen the said Rule also applies to M/s SNG Environmentary Solution Private Limited (for short SNG), Unique Universal Bio-Waste LLP (for short Unique Universal) and one M/s Medicare Environmental Management Private Limited (for short Medicare). Alleging violations of diverse Rules against the respondents State authorities, Greenzen prayed for withdrawal and setting aside of the recommendation granted in favour of SNG and Unique Universal for setting up a CBMWTF and filed the first writ petition WPA 1374 of 2023 (for short the first writ petition). The first writ petition was disposed of by a judgment and order dated November 20, 2023, Annexure R-5 at page 29 to the instant application. The respondent No.11 in the first writ petition being the applicant herein/Unique was not represented, despite notice, in the first writ petition.

6. Alleging violation of several provisions under the said 2016 Rules, Greenzen filed the second instant writ petition WPA 443 of 2025 (for short the second writ petition) praying for cancellation and setting aside of the environmental clearance dated September 1, 2023 and consent to operate dated September 13, 2023 granted in favour of Unique Universal.

SUBMISSIONS:

7. Mr. Ajay Singhal, learned Advocate appearing for the applicant submits that principa

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