IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Asha Menon, J.
Monika Tyagi & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Subhash Tyagi @ Moolraj Tyagi & Ors. - Respondents
Civil Suit (OS) No. 230 of 2020, Miscellaneous Application No. 7755, 11545 of 2020, 8712, 14089 of 2021
Decided On : 17-12-2021
Adverse Possession - Property Dispute - Order XII Rule 6 CPC, Section 151 CPC - Karnataka Board of Wakf vs. Govt. of India & Ors. (2004) 10 SCC 779, Ravinder Kaur Grewal v. Manjit Kaur, (2019) 8 SCC 729 - P.P.A. Impex Pvt. Ltd. v. Mangal Sain Metal, 2009 SCC OnLine Del 3866 - Rajeev Tandon v. Rashmi Tandon, 2019 SCC OnLine Del 7336 - Vijaya Myne v. Satya Bhushan Kaura, 2007 SCC OnLine Del 828 - Delhi Jal Board v. Surendra P. Malik, 2003 SCC OnLine Del 292 - Sagar Gambhir v. Sukhdev Singh Gambhir, 2017 SCC OnLine Del 7305 - Himani Alloys Ltd. v. Tata Steel Ltd, (2011) 15 SCC 273 - Indu Singh v. Surender Kamboj, 2020 SCC OnLine Del 1415 - Uttam Chand v. Nathu Ram, (2020) 11 SCC 263 - Maria Margarida Sequeira Fernandes v. Erasmo Jack de Sequeira, (2012) 5 SCC 370
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiffs sought recovery of possession, mesne profits, permanent and mandatory injunction against defendants for a property in Delhi. Defendants claimed adverse possession. Plaintiffs filed application under Order XII Rule 6 CPC seeking judgment on admissions against defendants.
Finding of the Court:
Defendants failed to establish adverse possession as they did not assert hostile title against the true owner. Court found the defense to be 'total moonshine' and allowed the application under Order XII Rule 6 CPC, decreeing the suit in favor of the plaintiffs for possession of the property.
Issues: Claim of adverse possession, sufficiency of pleadings, essential ingredients for adverse possession, discretion under Order XII Rule 6 CPC
Ratio Decidendi: Long possession alone is not sufficient to establish adverse possession. Hostile possession must be asserted against the true owner. Essential ingredients for adverse possession must be pleaded clearly. Court may consider the averments in the written statement to determine if the defense is 'total moonshine' and not send the case for trial.
Final Decision: Application under Order XII Rule 6 CPC allowed, suit decreed in favor of plaintiffs for possession of the property. Defendants granted four months to vacate the premises. Remaining reliefs claimed in the plaint to be listed for framing of issues.
JUDGMENT
Asha Menon, J. - I.As.11545/2020 (by the plaintiffs under Order XII Rule 6 read with Section 151 CPC seeking judgment against defendants) & 8712/2021 (by the plaintiffs under Order VII Rule 14 read with Section 151 CPC)
1. This order will dispose of the application (I.A.11545/2020) filed by the plaintiffs under Order XII Rule 6 CPC seeking judgment on admissions against the defendants. The application (I.A. 8712/2021) for filing additional documents shall also be disposed of by this order.
2. The facts of the case as setup in the plaint may be briefly stated for the sake of ready reference. The plaintiffs have filed the suit seeking recovery of possession, mesne profits, permanent and mandatory injunction against the defendants, their agents, servants or any other person claiming through them in respect of property being land measuring 2200 sq. yards forming part of Khasra No.47/25/1/2 (0- 2), 47/25/2/1 (1-18) and 54/1/2 (0-4) in Khata No. 281 situated in the revenue estate of village Hastsal, Delhi. The property is stated to be situated in the Pradhan Vali Gali and bounded by 20 feet high brick walls on all sides. It is stated to have a built up portion comprising of two halls, three rooms, two separate bathrooms, two separate kitchens, a temple and a garden and a covered parking space (hereinafter referred to as the "suit property").
3. The plaintiff has stated that there are two entrances to the said property, being No.370 at the entrance from the Pradhan Vali Gali and No.371-A from the side of the MCD Primary School, village Hastsal. The property belonging to the defendants surrounds the suit property on the North, South and the East directions and by the Pradhan Wali Gali in the West direction. Of the two gates, one opens towards the western side and the other towards the northern side.
4. The defendants are the relatives of the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs state that the suit property was originally owned by late Sudhir Kumar Tyagi, who expired on 24th May, 2018. It is claimed that the suit property had come into the share of Sudhir Kumar Tyagi on the basis of a partition which took place vide a decree dated 23rd May, 1994 passed by the Revenue Assistant, Delhi in a suit being preferred under Section 55 of the Delhi Land Reforms Act, 1954 and the partition has also been entered in the revenue records. It is stated that though initially at the time of partitioning of the ancestral property, the relationship of Sudhir Kumar Tyagi and the defendant No.1 had turned sour but with the passage of time, the relations had become stable so much so that in the year 2013, at the time of the wedding of the plaintiff No.1, both families had started visiting each other. Thus, when in the year 2016, the defendants requested Sudhir Kumar Tyagi to allow them to open a gym in the hall of the suit property, he agreed. The defendants at times have paid some amount around Rs.20,000/- or Rs.25,000/- but there was no regular payment. Thus, the defendants are in possession of the suit property only as the licensee of late Sudhir Kumar Tyagi and now the plaintiffs.
5. The further case set out in the plaint is that the plaintiffs had asked the defendants to vacate the suit property but the defendants refused to vacate the same. The plaintiffs have also claimed that despite the occupation of the suit property by defendants, Sudhir Kumar Tyagi had retained in his possession an office/room, latrine, kitchen and a storage room near the northern side of the suit property towards the MCD Primary School which he used for his personal purposes and which was placed under his lock and key and contained his old business records. The covered parking area was also being used by the plaintiffs and their visitors. However, by the end of 2017, the relationship again deteriorated. Thereafter, Sudhir Kumar Tyagi expired on 24th May, 2018. It was averred that the plaintiffs taking hold of the situation, in 2019 made a joint request to the defendants to vacate the s
Himani Alloys Ltd. vs. Tata Steel Ltd
Karnataka Board of Wakf vs. Govt. of India & Ors. (2004) 10 SCC 779
Maria Margarida Sequeira Fernandes vs. Erasmo Jack de Sequeira
Mechalac Engineers & Manufacturers vs. Basic Equipment Corporation
Ravinder Kaur Grewal vs. Manjit Kaur
The essential ingredients for adverse possession must be pleaded clearly, and long possession alone is not sufficient to establish adverse possession.
The judgment emphasizes the legal principles of adverse possession, including the requirements of open, clear, continuous, and hostile possession, burden of proof, and the need for a substantial ques....
A claim for adverse possession must plead essential facts including the true owner's identity and hostile possession; mere possession lacks sufficiency for title. Claims must also meet limitation req....
Claim of adverse possession requires open, continuous possession with knowledge to the rightful owner. Plaintiffs failed to provide sufficient evidence, resulting in dismissal.
Point of Law : It is trite that court while considering an application under Order VII Rule 11 CPC is required to consider contents of plaint and documents relied upon by plaintiff whereas defence di....
The court emphasized that the defense of adverse possession cannot be claimed if it is contradictory to the main defense of ownership, and that the benefit under section 53A of the TPA can only be cl....
The main legal point established is that adverse possession requires open and hostile assertion of ownership, and mere long possession is insufficient to sustain a claim. Additionally, the importance....
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