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2023 Supreme(Del) 528

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
V. KAMESWAR RAO, J.
Medeor Hospital Limited Formerly Rockland Hospitals Limited - Petitioner
Versus
Ernst and Young LLP - Respondent
O.M.P. (COMM) 116 of 2022 & I.As. 3576 of 2022, 3579 of 2022
Decided On : 01-05-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Rajshekhar Rao, Sr. Adv. with Ms. Aanchal Basur, Adv., Mr. Jayant Mehta, Sr. Adv. with Mr. Prateek Khanna, Ms. Ravneet Kaur Malik and Ms. Kaveri Rawal, Advs.

Headnote:(A) Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 - Section 31 - Engagement Letter dated August 11, 2015 - Dispute arose regarding the entitlement of success fee following a share sale by shareholders not directly involved in the engagement - Court reiterated the need for clear evidence of prior engagement with new partners to uphold claims. (Paras 1-82)

(B) Jurisprudential Principles - The Tribunal's interpretation of agreement terms is conclusive unless shown to be manifestly perverse; courts must respect arbitration decisions unless they shock the conscience. (Para 62)

(C) Contractual Obligations - The exclusivity clause requires parties to inform of negotiations and comply with stipulations; failure to do so may constitute breach of contract, rendering the entity liable to payment despite the nature of transaction alterations. (Paras 29-40)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, Medeor Hospitals Ltd., engaged Ernst & Young LLP for identifying strategic partners for its hospitals; after failed attempts, EY claimed a success fee following indirect negotiations leading to a share purchase.

Findings of Court:
The Tribunal found the claim for success fee valid based on the engagement terms and subsequent transactions evolving from the initial agreement, confirming the entitlement to fee despite complexities in the relationships and agreements.

Issues: Whether the transaction was fundamentally different from what was originally contemplated in the engagement letter; the validity of objections raised against claims for success fee by EY.

Ratio Decidendi: The court affirmed that agreements must be adhered to, and mediation roles fulfilled; pertained to exploring potential partners remained binding under initial engagement terms, emphasizing that subsequent agreements evolved from the prior engagement.

Result: The challenge to the arbitral award was dismissed, affirming EY's entitlement to the success fee as per contractual obligations.

Table of Content
1. factual background establishing the parties' engagement. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. development of the financial restructuring plan and its legal implications. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
3. arguments regarding the entitlement of ey for the success fee. (Para 11 , 12 , 14)
4. court's analysis of the arbitration proceedings and procedural validity. (Para 15 , 18 , 21 , 22)
5. legal interpretation and implications of the loe in determining success fees. (Para 19 , 20 , 29 , 30 , 32)
6. discussion of mandatory requirements under the arbitration and conciliation act. (Para 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28)
7. analysis of substantive elements of the arbitration agreement. (Para 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)
8. court’s decision on the validity of the arbitration award. (Para 46 , 47 , 48)
9. final conclusion and dismissal of the petition challenging the award. (Para 80 , 81 , 82)

JUDGMENT :

V. Kameswar Rao, J.

At the outset, I may briefly narrate the facts leading up to this petition. The petitioner is a company registered under the name M/s. Medeor Hospitals Ltd., formerly known as M/s. Rockland Hospitals Ltd. (‘RHL’, for short) and was operated under the brand name Rockland Hospitals (hereinafter referred to as ‘Medeor’ and ‘RHL’ interchangeably). The petitioner was operating three multi-specialty hospitals at Qutub Institutional Area, Dwarka and Manesar in Delhi with a combined capacity of over 800 beds, and also had plans to establish a hospital at Greater NOIDA, for which 5 acres of land had already been acquired, and a bank loan of approximately Rs. 430 crore was taken.

2. In view of the debt that had accrued, Medeor wanted a financial restructuring of the company to reduce the quantum of its loans, and thus decided to consider induction of strategic partners for two of its hospitals located at Qutub Institutional Area and Dwarka. For this purpose, Medeor approached Ernst & Young LLP (‘EY’, hereinafter) to assist it in identifying and approaching potential partners and advise on the execution of its financial restructuring. In lieu of this understanding, the parties executed a Letter of Engagement (‘LOE’, for short) dated August 11, 2015. The statement of work therein set out the basis for EY's engagement under the section ‘Statement of Work-Our Understanding of Your Requirements’, as follows:

    “We understand that the company is considering induction of strategic partner (s) for two of its hospitals located at Qutub Institution Area and at Dwarka in Delhi (together, referred to as the “Hospitals”) and its is in this Connection RHL is seeking EY's assistance in identifying an approaching potential partner and in advising on the execution of any resultant transaction. The Company would undertake requisite restructuring in accordance with legal and regulatory requirements to ensure that the proposed transaction is possible.”

3. The key elements of services that were to be rendered by EY was recorded in the ‘Scope of Services’ of the LOE, which included preparing a confidential Information Memorandum based on the information that was to be provided by RHL, assisting RHL in preparation of a Detailed Financial Plan for the two hospitals, approaching potential partners on a ‘no-names’ basis along with a teaser in order to establish the degree of interest from such potential partners/buyers and in case of interest shown by the potential partners/buyers, obtaining a confidentiality letter from such partners/buyers and thereafter sending them the Information Memorandum disclosing the name of the company and thereby providing information for the negotiation of the proposed transaction.

4. The LOE provided a definitive time-period within which the transaction envisaged had to be completed; as reproduced below:

    “Our endeavour is to achieve signing of the definitive transaction documents within 6 (six) months of the Start Date……. However, we agree that we shall not reach out to any new potential partner after December 31, 2015 apart from continuing discus

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