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2023 Supreme(Del) 1711

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Jyoti Singh, J.
Dr. Ashwani Kumar Kala – Appellant
Versus
School Management of Hira Lal Jain Senior & Anr. – Respondents
W.P.(C) 13859 of 2018
Decided On : 12-05-2023

Advocates appeared:
Mr. Sourabh Ahuja, Amicus Curiae, for the Petitioner.
Ms. Meenakshi Midha and Ms. Samiksha Gupta, Advocates, for the Respondent-1.
Ms. Latika Chaudhary, Advocate, for the Respondent-2.

Headnote:

The Delhi School Tribunal (DST) erred in upholding the removal order of a PGT (Commerce) from a recognized and aided Senior Secondary School, as it failed to follow the mandatory provisions of Rules 118 and 120 of the Delhi School Education Rules, 1973 (Rules 1973) and Section 8(2) of the Delhi School Education Act, 1973 (Act 1973).

Fact of the Case:

The Petitioner, a PGT (Commerce), was removed from service by the School on the ground of delayed checking of answer-sheets and submission of result of Class XI-B, low pass percentage for Class XI for the academic year 2016-2017 and submission of two different award lists of Class XI-B (Arts-Business Studies). The Petitioner challenged the removal order before the DST, which upheld the order on the grounds that Rule 120 is directory and not mandatory, the Petitioner had not denied the allegations in the show cause notice, and the School was justified in dispensing with the inquiry.

Finding of the Court:

The Court held that Rules 118 and 120 are mandatory and not directory, and that the DST erred in holding otherwise. The Court also held that the Petitioner had not admitted the allegations in the show cause notice, and that the School was not justified in dispensing with the inquiry. Further, the Court held that Section 8(2) of Act 1973 is mandatory and that the School was required to obtain prior approval from the Directorate of Education (DoE) before imposing the penalty of removal from service.

Issues: 1. Whether Rules 118 and 120 of Rules 1973 are mandatory or directory. 2. Whether the Petitioner had admitted the allegations in the show cause notice. 3. Whether the School was justified in dispensing with the inquiry. 4. Whether Section 8(2) of Act 1973 is mandatory.

Ratio Decidendi: 1. Rules 118 and 120 of Rules 1973 are mandatory and not directory. This is evident from the fact that the Legislature used the word "shall" in the Rules, which indicates a mandatory obligation. Further, the purpose of the Rules is to protect the rights of employees of recognized and aided schools, and this purpose would be defeated if the Rules were held to be directory. 2. The Petitioner had not admitted the allegations in the show cause notice. The Petitioner had only questioned the jurisdiction of the manager to issue the memorandum and sought certain documents to file his reply effectively. This does not amount to an admission of the allegations. 3. The School was not justified in dispensing with the inquiry. Rule 120 of Rules 1973 mandates that a disciplinary authority shall frame definite charges on the basis of the allegations on which inquiry is proposed to be held. This requirement was not followed in the present case. 4. Section 8(2) of Act 1973 is mandatory. This is evident from the fact that the Legislature used the word "shall" in the Section, which indicates a mandatory obligation. Further, the purpose of the Section is to protect the rights of employees of recognized and aided schools, and this purpose would be defeated if the Section were held to be directory.

Final Decision: The Court quashed the impugned judgment of the DST and the removal order passed by the School. The Court directed the School to reinstate the Petitioner with all consequential benefits, except back wages and other allowances, which shall be decided by the managing committee of the School under Rule 121 of Rules 1973 within 12 weeks. The Court also directed that the School shall be responsible for paying the back wages and other allowances to the Petitioner, and that this responsibility shall not be shifted on the DoE.

JUDGMENT

Jyoti Singh, J. (Oral)--By this writ petition, Petitioner lays a challenge to the order dated 10.12.2018 passed by the Delhi School Tribunal (hereinafter referred to as the `DST') whereby it has dismissed the appeal of the Petitioner being Appeal No. 53/2017 and upheld the order dated 28.04.2017 whereby Petitioner was removed from the services of the School while working on the post of PGT (Commerce). The umbrage raised by the Petitioner is primarily predicated on applicability of the statutory provisions of Delhi School Education Act & Rules, 1973 and does not require a very detailed factual narrative.

2. Facts to the extent necessary are that Respondent No. 1/School Management of Hira Lal Jain Senior Secondary School (hereinafter referred to as the `School') is a recognized and aided Senior Secondary School claiming to have a minority status. Petitioner possessing a Doctorate degree was appointed as PGT (Commerce) on 02.08.1995 in the School. On 11.11.2006 Petitioner was suspended and feeling aggrieved with his alleged continuance discrimination in the School on various issues, he tendered his resignation on 05.12.2006, which was subsequently withdrawn on 02.03.2007. Respondent No. 2/Directorate of Education (`DoE') directed the School to reinstate the Petitioner w.e.f. 02.03.2007, which was duly complied with. As per the Petitioner, he was continuously harassed and discriminated even thereafter and this vindictiveness and hostile attitude resulted in issuance of a show cause notice/memorandum dated 06.04.2017, whereby Petitioner was called upon to explain and respond to allegations pertaining to delayed checking of answer-sheets and submission of result of Class XI-B, low pass percentage for Class XI for the academic year 2016-2017 and submission of two different award lists of Class XI-B (Arts-Business Studies). Petitioner filed a response to the memorandum and finding his reply to the memorandum unsatisfactory, it was decided by the managing committee to remove him from services. Pursuant to the unanimous resolution of the managing committee, services of the Petitioner were terminated vide letter dated 28.04.2017, tendering payment of Rs.2,53,080/- in lieu of three months' notice salary and by the same letter, DoE was informed of the action taken. By another letter dated 04.05.2017, the School responded to DoE's letter dated 29.04.2017 and informed the DoE that being a minority institution, prior approval of DoE was not required under Section 8(2) of Delhi School Education Act, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as the `Act 1973').

3. Aggrieved with the termination order, Petitioner preferred an appeal being Appeal No. 53/2017, before the DST and vide order dated 13.02.2018, DST dismissed the appeal on the ground that there was no improvement in the work and conduct of the Petitioner and this was not conducive to the interest of the students. In respect of non-compliance with provision of Section 8(2) of Act 1973, DST held that the said provision was inapplicable to the School being a minority institution.

4. Order of DST was challenged by the Petitioner before this Court in W.P. (C) 1785/2018 and vide order dated 26.02.2018, Court set aside the DST order dated 13.02.2018 and remanded the matter back for deciding the appeal afresh after examining two crucial issues: (a) whether the procedure for inquiry prescribed under Rule 120 of Delhi School Education Rules, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as the `Rules 1973') could be dispensed with; and (b) effect of not constituting the disciplinary committee in accordance with Rule 118 of Rules 1973. The appeal was re-heard by DST and finally by the impugned judgment dated 10.12.2018 the appeal was dismissed and it is this judgment which is assailed in the present writ petition.

5. Reading of the impugned judgment shows that the Appeal was dismissed for the reasons: (a) Rule 120 is only directory and not mandatory and this is fortified by use of the words `as far as may be' in

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