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2025 Supreme(Guj) 1966

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
ANIRUDDHA P. MAYEE, J.
Bharwad Vashrambhai Samanbhai – Appellant 
Versus
State of Gujarat through the Special Secretary, Revenue Department & Ors. – Respondent 
R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 7492 of 2016
Decided on : 18-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : MR S M KIKANI(7596), MR SURESHKUMAR V GAMARA
For the Respondent: MR JEET R JOTANGIA AGP

Revisionary powers must be exercised within a reasonable timeframe; actions taken after significant delays are deemed unjustifiable, preserving the validity of transactions during that period.

Headnote:(A) Saurashtra Gharkhed Tenancy Settlement and Agricultural Lands Ordinance, 1949 - Sections 54 and 75 - Petition challenging eviction order after 31 years - Suo motu proceedings initiated belatedly not sustainable; authority must act within reasonable time as established in prior decisions - Sale deed remains valid until invalidated. (Paras 7, 126, 8)

(B) Legal principles surrounding the timely exercise of revisional powers; delay invalidates authority's decision to unsettle land ownership after prolonged possession. (Paras 6, 127)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner was evicted from agricultural land approximately 31 years post-sale, following proceedings initiated due to alleged illegality of the sale under the Ordinance of 1949, despite being recorded in the revenue records. (Paras 2, 6)

Findings of Court:
The court held that the delay exceeded reasonable timelines for authority's intervention regarding land ownership, affirming the validity of the original sale deed. (Paras 7, 126)

Issues: Whether the initiation of proceedings to contest land ownership after a substantial delay is legally permissible. (Paras 8)

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that the authority's action to disrupt settled land transactions must occur within a reasonable timeframe, in line with precedent, especially post such long possession. (Paras 126)

Result: Petition allowed; impugned orders set aside.

Table of Content
1. petitioner's request for mandamus relief. (Para 1)
2. petitioner's ownership and eviction proceedings. (Para 2)
3. arguments against the legality of eviction based on delay. (Para 3)
4. respondent's justifications for eviction action. (Para 4)
5. summary of proceedings and deliberation. (Para 5)
6. overview of confirmed eviction orders and delays. (Para 6)
7. legal precedents on reasonable time for eviction actions. (Para 7)
8. concluding the case based on previous judgments. (Para 8)

JUDGMENT :

ANIRUDDHA P. MAYEE, J.

1. By the present writ petition, the petitioner has prayed for the following reliefs:-

“12A) Your Lordships may be pleased to admit this petition.

(B) Your Lordships may be pleased to issue a writ of mandamus or writ in nature of mandamus or any other appropriate writ, order or direction by quashing and setting aside the impugned order dated 09/02/2016 Passed by the Respondent No.1 in Revision Application No.MVV/GHARKHED/SNR/7/2012 preferred by the present petitioner against order dated 21/02/2012 passed by the Respondent No.2 the District Collector, Surendranagar in GHARKHED ORDI. APPEAL CASE NO. 03/2011-12.

(C) Pending admission, hearing and final disposal of this petition, Your Lordships may be pleased to stay the execution, operation and implementation of the order dated 09/02/2016 at annexure A passed by Respondent No. 1 in Revision Application No. MVV/GHARKHED/SNR/7/2012 preferred by the present petitioner against order dated 21/02/2012 passed by the Respondent No.2 the District Collector, Surendranagar in GHARKHED ORDI. APPEAL CASE ΝΟ. 03/2011-12.

(D) Pending admission, hearing and final disposal of this petition Your Lordships may be pleased to issue a writ of mandamus or writ in nature of mandamus or any other appropriate writ, order or direction to direct the Mamlatdar Chotila (E-Dhara) to delete the name of the Respondent no.3 from the revenue record and enter name of present petitioner in to the same.

(E) Pending admission, hearing and final disposal of this petition Your Lordships may be pleased to restrain the Respondent No.3 to sale the land in question.”

2. Learned advocate for the petitioner submits that the father of the petitioner was an agriculturist as he was holding agricultural land bearing Survey No.82 of Village Rajawad, Taluka Chotila, District Surendranagar. That the name of the petitioner is also included in the revenue records by entries in respect of the said land. That thereafter the petitioner purchased agricultural land bearing Survey No.112 at Village Nawa, Taluka Chotila, District Surendranagar by way of registered sale deed dated 11.02.1980. Mutation entry No.498 came to be recorded in Village Form No.6. The said entry also came to be certified on 23.04.1980 by the competent authority. Learned advocate for the petitioner submits that after about 31 years, the Mamlatdar, Surendranagar by proposal dated 21.10.2010 to the Dy. Collector, Surendranagar stated that the sale transaction dated 11.02.1980 was in violation of Section 54 of the Saurashtra Gharkhed Tenancy Settlement And Agricultural Lands Ordinance, 1949 [“Ordinance of 1949” for short] as the petitioner was a non-agriculturist. Based on the proposal, the Dy. Collector, Surendranagar initiated proceedings being Gharkhed Case No.67 of 2010. By order dated 30.04.2011 passed by the Dy. Collector, Surendranagar, the petitioner was ordered to be summarily evicted from the land in question. Aggrieved, the petitioner preferred Gharkhed Appeal No.3 of 2011-2012 challenging the order dated 30.04.2011 passed by the Dy. Collector, Surendranagar. The Collector, Surendranagar by order dated 21.02.2012 was pleased to confirm the order passed by the Dy. Collector, Surendranagar upholding the eviction of the petitioner. Aggrieved, the petitioner preferred Revision Application No.MVV/GHARKHED/SNR/7/2012 before the Special Secretary (Appeals), Revenue Department. By the impugned order dated 09.02.2016, the Special Secretary (Appeals), Re

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