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2023 Supreme(Gau) 695

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GAUHATI, ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH
MANISH CHOUDHURY, J.
M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage & Ors. - Petitioners
Versus
The UCO Bank & Ors. - Respondents
Writ Petition (Civil) No. 4844 of 2021
Decided On : 24-07-2023

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. M.K. Choudhury, Senior Advocate, Mr. M. Dutta.
For the Respondents:Mr. K.N. Choudhury, Senior Advocate, Mr. M. Sarma, Ms. A. Gayan, Standing Counsel, Enforcement Directorate [ED].

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Writ petition by proprietorship concerns against UCO Bank for unauthorized retention of subsidy amount of Rs.53,32,800/- under the Capital Investment Subsidy Scheme - Court mandated transfer and adjustment of subsidy to Term Loan account - Obligation of banks to adjust subsidies received timely and effectively elucidated. (Paras 9.5, 23, 32)

(B) Financial Fraud - Non-involvement of petitioners in alleged fraud established through thorough investigation, highlighted by failures of the bank in duty. (Paras 17, 32)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners, proprietors of Cold Storage and Roller Flour Mills, sought adjustment of government subsidy against Term Loan sanctioned in 2002. UCO Bank failed to credit subsidy, leading to wrongful classification of account as NPA. Allegations against bank employees for misappropriation emerged during CBI and ED investigations from 2007. (Paras 1-3)

Findings of Court:
UCO Bank failed in its obligation to transfer subsidy amount, leading to unlawful retention of funds belonging to petitioners. The allegations made by the bank against petitioners lacked substantive evidence. (Paras 18-21)

Issues: The main issue was whether the failure to credit the subsidy amount constituted a violation of the petitioners' rights. (Para 23)

Ratio Decidendi: Court reiterated obligations of banks under government subsidy schemes, ruling that the unauthorized retention of funds by UCO Bank could not absolve it from responsibility for timely crediting the subsidy amount to the loan account. (Paras 25-26)

Result: Writ petition allowed; UCO Bank ordered to transfer the subsidy amount to the Term Loan account within one month, or face interest on delayed payment.

Table of Content
1. background of the case involving subsidy and loans. (Para 1 , 2)
2. unauthorized deductions and orders from banking ombudsman. (Para 3 , 4)
3. petitioners' claims for adjustments and financial assistance blocked. (Para 5 , 6 , 7)
4. arguments presented by petitioners regarding fund mismanagement. (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
5. responses from uco bank regarding linkages to fraudulent activities. (Para 11 , 12)
6. investigations by cbi and enforcement directorate into the bank fraud. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
7. court's observations on evidence and lack of petitioners' involvement. (Para 17 , 18 , 19)
8. operational guidelines for subsidy payments and obligations. (Para 20 , 21)
9. court's findings on unauthorized retention of funds. (Para 22 , 23 , 24)
10. legal position on public duties and obligations under article 226. (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31)
11. direction for credit transfer and adjustment of subsidy. (Para 32)
12. conclusion of the judgment allowing the writ petition. (Para 33)

JUDGMENT :

Two proprietorship concerns – [i] M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage; & [ii] M/s Indraprasth Roller Flour Mills – have instituted the writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India seeking a number of reliefs against the respondent United Commercial Bank [UCO Bank] and the functionaries/officials of the respondent UCO Bank, who have been impleaded as party-respondent no. 1 to party-respondent no. 6 in the writ petition. One Sri Ritesh Kumar Tibrewal is the proprietor of M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage whereas his wife, Smti. Tripti Tibrewal is the proprietor of M/s Indraprasth Roller Flour Mills. M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage was initially a partnership firm where Sri Ritesh Kumar Tibrewal and his mother, Gita Devi Agarwala [since deceased] were partners. After the death of Gita Devi Agarwala, the partnership firm -M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage stood converted to a proprietorship concern.

2. The background facts which are not in dispute, can be mentioned at this stage. In the year 2002, the respondent UCO Bank sanctioned credit facility to the petitioner no. 1, M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage in the form of a Term Loan of Rs.99,64,000/-. The credit facility was extended for construction of a new cold storage by M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage at Tezpur, District – Sonitpur. As a new cold storage was eligible for subsidy under the Government of India [GoI]’s Central Investment Subsidy Scheme, the Government of India [GoI] had granted an amount of Rs.53,32,800/- out of the total Term Loan amount of Rs.99,64,000/-, as subsidy to M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage under the Central Investment Subsidy Scheme. By a letter dated 12.03.2002, the Nodal Bank for the Central Investment Subsidy Scheme, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development [NABARD] informed the Regional Manager, UCO Bank, Jorhat [the respondent no. 5] that the Head Office of NABARD had credited the UCO Bank’s current account maintained with the Reserve Bank of India [RBI] with an amount of Rs.26,66,400/- on 11.03.2002 towards 50% advanced subsidy under the Central Investment Subsidy Scheme for construction of the new cold storage by M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage. Subsequently on 23.12.2002 and on 24.01.2003, amounts of Rs.23,99,800/- and Rs.2,66,600/- respectively were released by the Government of India [GoI] in favour of M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage under the Central Investment Subsidy Scheme.

2.1. The facts that a total amount of Rs.53,32,800/-[= Rs.26,66,400/-+ Rs.23,99,800/-+ Rs.2,66,600/-] was received towards subsidy from the Government of India [GoI] under the Central Investment Subsidy Scheme for M/s Indraprastha Cold Storage [the petitioner no. 1] against the Term Loan of Rs.99,64,000/- extended to it by the respondent UCO Bank and stood credited in the subsidy account maintained at the Tezpur Branch of the respondent UCO Bank are evident from a Ce

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