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2026 Supreme(Gau) 36

IN THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT, (THE HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH)
ROBIN PHUKAN, J.
Shri Gunajit Nath, S/o. Late Jogendra Nath – Appellant
Versus
Shri Hitesh Das, S/o Late Harmohan Das and Ors. - Respondents
MAC Appeal Nos.285 of 2020 & 332 of 2021
Decided On : 09-01-2026

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. S. Islam, Mr. M.H. Ahmed, Mr. R. Ali, Mr. R. Goswami.

The court affirmed that compensation for a non-earning spouse must be calculated as a third of the earning spouse’s income, despite the absence of a vehicle permit not exempting insurance liabilities.

Headnote:(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Sections 166, 147, and 149(2) - Claim for compensation following fatal accident - Tribunal awarded Rs.26,80,667/- as compensation with interest at 9% p.a. - Appeals challenging the liability and income assessment. (Para 4, 30)

(B) Compensation for Housewife - Assessment of compensation for a housewife should consider notional income based on the husband's earnings; reliance on Supreme Court's precedent noted. (Paras 18, 21)

Facts of the case:
In a motor accident on 30.01.2019, the deceased, Gitanjali Das, was traveling in a car hit by a Dumper driven negligently, leading to her death on the spot; the claimants sought ₹50,00,000/- compensation, which was granted by the Tribunal. (Paras 6, 30)

Findings of Court:
The Tribunal's order to pay compensation was upheld; modification of liability confirmed with settlement terms defined. (Paras 30, 32)

Issues: 1) Was the accident due to the Dumper driver’s rashness? 2) Was the vehicle insured properly at the time of the accident? 3) What amount is the claimant entitled to receive? (Para 4)

Ratio Decidendi: The court maintained that the assessment of compensation must factor in the deceased's notional income as one-third of the husband's income, and the absence of a valid permit does not absolve the insurance company of liability. (Paras 28.2, 30)

Result: Appeals dismissed; compensation amount modified to ₹28,48,800/- to be paid by the insurance within 30 days. (Para 30)

Table of Content
1. accident details and claim background. (Para 1 , 3 , 4 , 6)
2. appellant's challenge to tribunal's decision. (Para 7 , 8)
3. insurance company’s arguments against liability. (Para 9 , 10)
4. support for the tribunal's findings. (Para 11)
5. court's review of evidence and facts. (Para 12 , 13)
6. compensation calculation methodology. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)
7. legal precedents affecting income assessment. (Para 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22)
8. just compensation determination based on income. (Para 23 , 24 , 25 , 26)
9. insurance liability provisions and judgments. (Para 27 , 28)
10. final order and payment directive. (Para 29 , 30)
11. investment of awarded compensation. (Para 31 , 32)

JUDGMENT :

ROBIN PHUKAN, J.

Heard Mr. S. Islam, learned counsel for the appellant in MAC Appeal No.285/2020 and Mr. M.H. Ahmed, learned counsel for the respondent No. 1- 4 and Mr. R. Goswami, learned counsel for the respondent No. 6. None appears for the respondent No.5.

2. Also heard Mr. R. Goswami, learned counsel for the appellant in MAC Appeal No.332/2021, Mr. M.H. Ahmed, learned counsel for the respondent No. 1- 4 and Mr. S. Islam for the respondent No. 5. None appears for the respondent No. 6.

3. In these appeals, being MAC Appeal No.285/2020, and MAC Appeal No.332/2021, the judgment and award, dated 23.09.2019, passed in MAC Case No.46/2019, by the learned Member, Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT), Barpeta, is being challenged.

4. It is to be noted here that vide impugned judgment and award dated 23.09.2019, passed in MAC Case No.46/2019, the learned Member, Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT), Barpeta (Tribunal hereinafter) had allowed the claim petition filed under Section 166 of the M.V. Act, 1988 by one Hitesh Das and three others, and directed the O.P. No.3- HDFC ERGO General Insurance Co. Ltd. to pay an amount of Rs. 26,80,667/- (Rupees Twenty Six Lakhs Eighty Thousand Six Hundred Sixty Seven) being the just compensation to the claimants along with interest @ 9% per annum with effect from the date of filing of the claim petition until its realization subject to the condition that the O.P. No.3- HDFC ERGO GIC Ltd. shall be at liberty to recover the entire amount paid to the claimants from the O.P. No.1 namely, Sri Gunajit Nath.

5. The parties involved in both these petitions are same. And the engaged counsel are also the same. The questions involved and the subject matter of challenge are also the same. Therefore, as agreed by the learned counsel for both the parties, it is being proposed to dispose of both the appeals, by this common judgment and order.

The Background Facts:-

6. The back grounds facts, leading to filing of the present appeals, are briefly stated as under:-

“On 30.01.2019, in the morning, at about 11:00 Α.Μ, Smti. Gitanjali Das, since deceased, was proceeding towards Barpeta, from Barpeta Road, along with one Jitendra Barman in his Maruti car, bearing registration No. AS-15B- 8686, and when the said car reached Kadamguri one Dumper (10 wheeler) moving in from the opposite direction (from the side of Barpeta), which was driven in a rash and negligent manner dashed against the Maruti car in which the deceased was travelling. Consequently, Gitanjali Das and the driver cum owner of the Maruti car sustained serious injuries on their person and they succumbed to such injuries on the spot.

Thereafter, Shri Hitesh Das and three others had filed one claim petition under Section 166 of the M.V. Act, 1988 against the owner, driver and insurer of the offending Tipper/Dumper (10 wheeler) by arraying them as opposite party Nos. 1, 2 and 3 respectively, seeking compensation to the tune of Rs. 50,00,000/- (Rupees Fifty Lakhs) along with interest thereon.

All the opposite parties have entered appearances and contested the case by filing their respective written statements.

O.P. Nos.1 & 2 {owner and driver of the offending Tipper/Dumper (10 wheeler)} in their joint written statement, had denied their fault in the alleged accident and

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