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2026 Supreme(Gau) 56

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GAUHATI, ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH
KALYAN RAI SURANA, SUSMITA PHUKAN KHAUND, JJ.
Amina Begum @ Amina Khatun @ Aminjan Bibi W/o Ibrahim Ali – Appellant
Versus
The Union of India, Rep. by the Secretary, New Delhi – Respondent
W.P. (C) No. 5175 of 2019
Decided On : 07-01-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : K. Mira, S. Hussain
For the Respondents: A.A. Mondal, B. Chakravarty, J. Payeng, P. Sarmah

The court emphasized the importance of thoroughly evaluating evidence in citizenship claims, particularly in light of related familial cases and ensuring all relevant documents and statements are considered.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Citizenship Act, 1955 - Section 6A - Writ petition challenging opinion of Foreigners Tribunal declaring appellant a foreigner - Tribunal failed to appreciate evidence and material, especially that the petitioner demonstrated a linkage to deceased father with credible documents - Court found Tribunal's decision perverse due to failure to account for additional written statements and similar cases involving familial linkage - The case is remanded for reconsideration. (Paras 2, 14, 25, 26)

(B) Citizenship determination - Appellant’s burden to prove presence in India prior to cut-off date of 25.03.1971 under Section 6A - The court emphasized importance of properly evaluating supporting documents and prior rulings for family members. (Paras 17, 22)

Facts of the case:
The appellant claimed citizenship based on her father's landownership and inclusion in voters' lists across several years, though the Foreigners Tribunal declared her a foreigner citing insufficient proof of her lineage and residence prior to the stipulated cut-off date.

Findings of Court:
The Tribunal's decision was set aside due to jurisdictional errors in assessing evidence and failure to consider an additional written statement from the petitioner, resulting in potential prejudicial effect. The matter is remanded for reassessment.

Issues: Whether the petitioner has proven her citizenship and linkage to her deceased father, and whether the Tribunal’s findings were erroneous in light of the evidence presented.

Ratio Decidendi: The court found that the learned Tribunal committed a significant error by overlooking critical evidence and failing to consolidate related cases, impacting the overall assessment of the petitioner's citizenship claims.

Result: Writ petition allowed to the extent that the Tribunal's opinion is set aside, and the case is remanded for reconsideration.

Table of Content
1. petitioner's background and claims of citizenship. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 10)
2. documentary evidence supporting petitioner's claims. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 12 , 13)
3. tribunal's evaluation of evidence presented. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 19)
4. need for thorough consideration of all evidence. (Para 17 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23)
5. court's decision on remanding the case. (Para 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31)

JUDGMENT :

KALYAN RAI SURANA, J.

1. Heard Mr. K. Mira, learned counsel for the petitioner. Also heard Mr. B. Chakravarty, learned CGC for respondent no. 1; Mr. J. Payeng, learned standing counsel for FT, Border matters and NRC, for respondent nos. 2, 3, 5 and 7; Mr. A.I. Ali, learned standing counsel for respondent no.6 and Mr. P. Sarmah, learned Addl. Senior Govt. Advocate for respondent no.4.

2. By filing this writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, the petitioner, namely, Amina Begum @ Amina Khatun @ Aminjan Bibi, has assailed the opinion dated 27.05.2019, passed by the learned Member, Foreigners Tribunal, Baksa at Tamulpur, Assam, in F.T. Case No. 94/Baksa/2017, corresponding to S.P.(B) Nalbari Reference: IM(D)T Case no. 1788/2003, by which she was declared to be a foreigner who has illegally entered into India on or after 25.03.1971 from the specified territory.

3. On receipt of notice, the petitioner had appeared before the learned Tribunal and had filed her written statement, projecting that her father is Acharuddin Ali @ Achuruddin @ Acharuddin Sheikh @ Afchor Uddin, who was born in India at village- Salmara, Mouza- Kumarikata, P.S. Tamulpur, in Baksa district. She had stated that her father had landed property of 1963-64, covered by Dag No. 114 of K.P. Patta No. 12 of Village- Salmara, Mouza- Kumarikata, P.S. Tamulpur, Dist. Baksa, which he had inherited from his father, Ajimuddin Seikh. The said land was inherited by her brother. The petitioner had stated that her mother is Late Jahara Khatun. She had also stated that she was born in the year 1960 at village- Salmara, which is the nearest to village Dimlapar, P.S. Tamulpur, in Baksa district and in the year 1978, she was married to Ibrahim Ali, son of Late Iman Ali, of village- Dimlapar, P.S. Tamulpur, District Baksa and after marriage, she was residing in her matrimonial house. She has five brothers, namely, Majarat Ali @ Marjat Ali, Hussein Ali, Akkash Ali, Selim Malik and Amzad Ali. Her father has four brothers and two sisters, namely, Late Isu Sheikh, Acharuddin Ali @ Achuruddin @ Acharuddin Sheikh @ Afchor Uddin, Idrich Ali @ Idris Ali, Hasmat Ali, Late Samela Khatun and Moiram Bibi. She has five female children, namely, Kulsun Begum (aged about 35 years), Sajida Begum (aged about 32 years), Sahida Begum (aged about 30 years), Ajida Begum (aged about 27 years), and Rukchana Begum (aged about 25 years). She had stated that her name appeared in the voters list of 1997, 2005, 2010 and 2016. Along with her written statement, she had filed photocopies of jamabandi of 1963-64, voters list of 1997, 2005, 2010 and 2016, village Headman’s certificate, illegible miyadi patta, voter list of 1965, land revenue payment receipt nos. 14086, 4852, 47445, 1513, 25248, voters list of 1970, Income Tax PAN Card, Elector Photo Identity Card (EPIC for short) of Aminjan Bibi.

4. The petitioner has projected in her written statement filed on 07.06.2018, that Acharuddin Ali, her father was a citizen of India by birth and was born at village Salmara, P.O. Dumoria, P.S. Tamulpur, Dist. Baksa, Assam. Her father had landed property of 1963-64, covered by Dag No. 114 of K.P. Patta No.12 of village Salmara, Mouza- Kumarikata, in the district of Baksa, which he had inherited from his father Ajimuddin Seikh. She claimed to be born in the year 1960 and her name appeared in the voter list of 1997, 2005, 2010, 2016. The village Headman had issued a certificate that the petitioner is a resident of Village- Dimlapar, P.O. Dumoria, P.S. Tamulpur, Dist. Baksa and

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