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2025 Supreme(Gau) 2325

THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT (HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH)
Kalyan Rai Surana, J.
Abdul Salik S/O Late Foizul Islam And Anr. – Petitioners
Versus
The State Of Assam Represented By The Public Prosecutor – Respondent
Bail Appln. 2656 of 2024
Decided On : 01-05-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. M A Choudhury, Mr A Ahmed,U U Khan,Mr. A Ahmed
For the Respondent: PP, ASSAM

An arrest memo stating that sufficient evidence was found against an accused is considered sufficient communication of the grounds of arrest when no specific statutory provision or regulatory guideline mandates a higher level of detail, particularly for individuals apprehended during the recovery of contraband from their premises.

Headnote:(A) Bail - Arrest memo - Disclosure of grounds of arrest - Sufficiency of information provided in arrest memo - Where accused is apprehended during a raid based on recovery of contraband from the premises, a remark in the arrest memo stating that sufficient evidence was found against the accused is compliant with the requirement to communicate grounds of arrest, absent any statutory provision or specific guideline prescribing the level of detail necessary. (Paras 14, 15, 21, 24)

(B) Bail - Grounds of bail - Delay in trial - Consideration of period of custody - Mere delay in trial and the number of witnesses examined are not absolute grounds for grant of bail where the nature of the offence and settled judicial precedents concerning the length of custody justify continued detention. (Paras 4, 8, 10)

Facts of the case:
The applicants were in custody for approximately three years following their arrest in connection with the recovery of prohibited substances from their household premises. They filed for bail, citing the slow pace of the trial, noting that only half of the listed witnesses had been examined over the course of several years. Furthermore, they contended that the authorities failed to properly communicate the grounds of arrest, as the arrest memos provided did not specify the basis beyond stating that evidence was found against them. The prosecution relied on the arrest memos and the status of the investigation to oppose the pleas.

Findings of Court:
The court observed that the applicants were aware of the circumstances of their arrest due to the location of the recovery of the contraband. The court determined that the arrest memos contained sufficient information for the accused to understand the basis of their detention. Furthermore, the court held that the delay in the trial was not sufficient to warrant bail under the circumstances, emphasizing that the prior rejection of bail applications remained relevant and the legal precedents regarding the duration of custody did not support the release of the applicants at that stage.

Issues: The primary issues were whether the information provided in the arrest memo sufficiently constituted the communication of the grounds of arrest to the accused and whether the pace of the trial and the duration of custody provided sufficient justification for release.

Ratio Decidendi: The court maintained that in the absence of specific statutory or regulatory guidelines regarding the format or granularity required for the disclosure of grounds of arrest, the statement of having found sufficient evidence upon search and seizure is adequate. The court further held that bail is not an automatic right solely due to the duration of pendency if other factors and existing precedents regarding the nature of the offences and custodial length suggest otherwise.

Result: Prayer for bail is refused and the application stands dismissed.

Table of Content
1. procedural context and background of the repeated bail application. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. arguments concerning trial delay and statutory duty to disclose grounds of arrest. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. evaluation of detention length and trial speed under established binding precedents. (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
4. interpretation of 'grounds of arrest' communication requirements in ndps drug seizure cases. (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
5. dismissal of bail application based on insufficient grounds. (Para 25 , 26 , 27)

ORDER :

KALYAN RAI SURANA, J.

Heard Mr. A. Ahmed, learned counsel for the petitioners. Also heard Mr. K.K. Das, learned Addl. P.P. for the State.

2) The learned counsel for the petitioner has submitted that all the other co-accused have been released on bail. However, this is the third bail application of the petitioners, namely, Abdul Salik and Abdul Fatta (as stated in the cause title, however, in the charge-sheet, the said name is spelt as Abdul Fattha).

3) It has been submitted that upon rejection of the second bail application of the petitioners vide order dated 23.02.2024, passed by this Court in B.A. No. 155/2024, the petitioner had approached the Supreme Court of India and the said Hon’ble Court, by order dated 25.04.2024, passed in Petition for Special Leave to Appeal (Crl.) No.5584/2024, permitted the petitioners to withdraw the said bail application with liberty to renew their application for bail in case the trial is not concluded within a reasonable time.

4) The learned counsel for the petitioners has submitted that there are two new grounds for making this application. Firstly, that though charge- sheet no. 179 against the petitioners was submitted on 25.07.2022, till date only 5 (five) out of 10 (ten) listed witnesses have been examined. Therefore, there is no possibility of an early conclusion of trial. Moreover, it is submitted that the previous application for bail by the petitioners was rejected by this Court by order dated 23.02.2024, and on that date only 4 (four) out of 10 (ten) witness had been examined by the prosecution and thus, only 1 (one) witness could be examined by the prosecution in a span of 1 (one) year.

5) Secondly, it has been submitted that the grounds of arrest was not disclosed in the arrest memo dated 08.05.2022, which entitled the petitioners for bail.

6) In support of his submissions that non-furnishing of the grounds of arrest entitles the petitioners to bail, the learned counsel for the petitioner has cited the following cases, viz., (1) Vihaan Kumar v. State of Haryana & Anr., (2025) SCC OnLine SC 269; (2) Prabir Purkayastha v. State (NCT OF DELHI), (2024) 8 SCC 254; (3) Ashish Kakkar v. UT of Chandigarh , Criminal Appeal No. 1518/2025; (4) Ajit Kumar Sarmah v. The State of Assam & Ors., (1976) CRI.L.J. 1303; (5) Joynal Hussen @ Joynal Hussain & Anr. v. The State of Assam, order dated 26.03.2025, passed by this Court in Bail Appln. No. 683/2025; (6) Mahbubul Hoque v. The State of Assam , judgment dated 03.03.2025, passed by this Court in Bail Appln. No. 563/2025; (7) Abdullah Al Mahmud Choudhury @ Abdullah Choudhury @ Bablu v. The State of Assam , order dated 23.04.2025, passed by this Court in Bail Appln. No. 1172/2025; (8) Jasir Uddin Barbhuiya & Anr. v. The State of Assam, order dated 13.03.2025, passed by this Court in Bail Appln. No. 3081/2024; (9) Sri Sumeru Nath v. The State of Assam , order dated 04.04.2025, passed by this Court in Bail Appln. No. 905/2025; (10) Ajir Ali @ Budu v. The State of Assam , order dated 27.02.2025, passed by this Court in Bail Appln. No. 255/2025; (11) Kabel Uddin & Anr. v. The State of Assam, order dated 11.04.2025, passed by this Court in Bail Appln. No. 3241/2024; (12) Abdul Kadir Laskar v. The State of Assam , order dated 25.04.2025, passed by this Court in Bail Appln. No. 527/2025; and (13) Sri Neizosetuo Kire v. The State of Nagaland , judgment and order dated 11.04.2025, passed by the Kohima

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