IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
A. BADHARUDEEN, J.
Annie, W/o. Thomas – Appellant
Versus
Fouja Jamal, W/o. Jamal and Ors. – Respondents
RFA (Indigent) No. 665 Of 2010
Decided On : 06-01-2025
(A) Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Section 10 - Suit for specific performance - Plaintiff sought to declare sale deed as null and void and enforce contract dated 27.9.2001 - Trial court dismissed suit due to doubts on genuineness of agreement and plaintiff's readiness to perform - Plaintiff failed to produce original agreement and substantiate capacity to pay balance consideration. (Paras 8, 13, 14)
(B) Capacity to pay - In a suit for specific performance, plaintiff must demonstrate readiness and willingness to perform the contract, including the ability to pay the balance consideration. (Paras 13)
Facts of the case:
The plaintiff filed a suit to declare a sale deed null and void and enforce a contract for the sale of property, claiming an advance payment was made, but original documents were not produced.
Findings of Court:
The trial court found doubts regarding the genuineness of the agreement and the plaintiff's ability to pay the remaining balance, leading to the dismissal of the suit.
Issues: The main issues were the genuineness of the agreement and the plaintiff's readiness and willingness to perform the contract.
Ratio Decidendi: The court affirmed that without the original sale agreement and proof of capacity to pay, the plaintiff could not claim specific performance.
Result: Appeal dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
(A. Badharudeen, J.)
This Regular First Appeal is at the instance of the plaintiff in O.S.No.442/2005 on the files of the Additional Sub Court, North Paravur. The appellant assails decree and judgment in the above case, dated 10.12.2008.
2. Heard the learned counsel for the appellant/plaintiff as well as the learned counsel appearing for the respondent Nos.1 and 2/defendant Nos.1 and 2, in detail. Perused the verdict under challenge and the records of the trial court.
3. The parties in this appeal shall be referred as 'plaintiff' and 'defendants' for brevity and convenience, hereafter.
4. The plaintiff filed the present suit to declare sale deed No.3423/2005 as null and void and also sought performance of contract, dated 27.9.2001, alleged to be executed by the 1st defendant in favour of the plaintiff to sell the plaint schedule property for a total consideration of Rs.3 Lakh on accepting Rs.25,000/-(Rupees Twenty Five Thousand only) as advance sale consideration. According to the plaintiff, the original agreement was lost and a copy of the same was let in evidence.
5. Defendant Nos.1 and 2 filed written statements. Others did not file written statement. The contention raised by defendant Nos.1 and 2 as extracted in paragraph No.4 of the trial court judgment reads as under:
A plaintiff seeking specific performance must prove the genuineness of the contract and demonstrate readiness and capacity to pay the balance consideration.
The Plaintiff's readiness and willingness to perform the contract, as well as the Defendant's failure to prove that the sale agreement was fabricated, were crucial in the court's decision to confirm ....
Specific performance of contract – To avail equitable relief of specific performance, plaintiff has to establish his readiness and willingness to pay balance amount and to execute Sale Deed from date....
Specific Performance of Contract – Readiness and willingness does not mean readiness and willingness to pay or receive money but intention of parties to execute their part of Agreement from date of A....
Specific performance – Relief of specific performance is equitable remedy – Plaintiff have to necessarily show their readiness and willingness in performing their part of contract from date of agreem....
Specific performance can be granted when the buyer has made substantial payments and the seller's refusal to execute the sale deed is unjustified, even if specific issues on readiness and willingness....
The ruling emphasizes the necessity of fulfilling contractual obligations for specific performance and the implications of non-compliance by the seller.
A party asserting a right to specific performance must prove readiness and willingness to perform their contractual obligations.
The court ruled that a plaintiff must prove readiness and willingness to execute a sale agreement, and failure to do so, along with undue hardship to defendants, can preclude specific performance.
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