IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
M.A.ABDUL HAKHIM, J.
Sankaranarayanan Namboodirippad,(Died) (Lrs Impleaded And Amended) - Appellant
Versus
Joy s/o. Vadakke Mooriyil Joseph - Respondents
RSA No. 1098 of 2011
Decided on : 27-02-2025
(A) Civil Procedure - Permanent Prohibitory Injunction - The appeals arise from two suits dismissed by the Trial Court, with counterclaims allowed. The First Appellate Court dismissed the appeals against the suits but allowed the appeal against the counterclaim. (Paras 2 , 5 )
(B) Possession and Title - The principle that possession follows title was discussed, but the appellant failed to prove title or possession over the plaint schedule properties. (Paras 10 , 12 )
(C) Court Fees - The appellant did not pay the requisite court fees under the applicable provisions, affecting the outcome of the injunction claims. (Paras 13 )
Facts of the case:
The plaintiff sought injunction for 11 acres and damages for tree removal, while the counterclaim sought an injunction for the same property. The original ownership was disputed, with no Will produced.
Findings of Court:
The claims for injunction were dismissed due to lack of evidence of title and possession.
Issues: Whether the appellant is entitled to a permanent prohibitory injunction over the plaint schedule properties.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that possession must be proven, and without evidence of title or possession, claims for injunction cannot succeed.
Result: Appeals dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
1. The learned Counsel for the appellant in RSA Nos.1489/2011 and 351/2012 and the 1st respondent in RSA No.1098/2011 reported that he relinquished vakalath for his parties. Accordingly, as per Order dated 16.01.2025 the Registry was directed to issue notice to the appellant in RSA Nos.1489/2011 and 351/2012 and the 1st respondent in RSA No.1098/2011 by speed post. Notice to the said party is returned with the endorsement unclaimed. It is seen that in RSA No.351/2012 balance court fee is also not paid. Accordingly, R.S.A.No.1489/2011 and RSA No.351/2012 are liable to be dismissed for non-prosecution.
2. RSA No.1489/2011, 351/2012 and RSA No.1098/2011 arise from two suits- OS No. 341/1998 and 554/2002 which are disposed by the Trial Court by a common judgment along with counter claim in O.S No.341/1998. As per the common judgment of the Trial Court, the suits were dismissed and the counterclaim raised by the 1st defendant was allowed. The plaintiff in the suit filed appeals before the First Appellate Court challenging the judgments and decrees in both the suits and in the counterclaim. The First Appellate Court dismissed the challenge against the judgments and decrees in the suit but allowed the appeal with respect to the challenge against the judgment and decree in the counterclaim, setting aside the judgment and decree in the counterclaim in O.S No.341/1998. RSA No.1098/2011 is filed by the 1st defendant challenging the judgment and decree of the First Appellate Court setting aside the judgment and decree in the counterclaim.
3. O.S No.341/1998 was filed by the plaintiff therein, one Joy, seeking permanent prohibitory injunction with respect to 11 acres in R.Sy.No.189/1 of Manissery Village in Ottappalam Taluk. O.S No.554/2002 is filed by the very same Joy for damages on the allegation that the defendants cut and removed trees from the very same plaint schedule property. In the counterclaim in O.S.No.341/1998, the 1st defendant, Sankaranarayanan Namboodiripad, claimed a permanent prohibitory injunction with respect to the very same plaint schedule property. Since RSA No. 1489/2011 and 351/2012 at the instance of the plaintiff are liable to be dismissed for non- prosecution, the question to be considered is with regard to the counter claim in OS No.341/1998.
4. RSA No.1381/2011 is filed by the 1st defendant in O.S. No.341/1998 Sankaranarayanan Namboodiripad against one Sukumaran Nair as the sole defendant. It arises from O.S.No. 326/2006 filed by him for permanent prohibitory injunction with respect to the plaint schedule property therein having an extent of 2 Acres in R.Sy No.189/1 of Manissery Village in Ottappalam Taluk. The Trial Court dismissed the suit and the same was confirmed by the First Appellate Court. RSA No.1381/2011 is filed challenging the judgment and decree in the suit which is confirmed by the First Appellate Court. The question in RSA No.1381/2011 is whether the appellant is entitled to get a permanent prohibitory injunction with respect to the plaint schedule property having an extent of 2 Acres mentioned therein.
5. In sum and substance, the question to be considered in the surviving appeals RSA Nos.1098/2011 and 1381/2011 is whether Sankaranarayanan Namboodiripad is entitled to get permanent prohibitory injunction with respect to the plaint schedule properties in each case namely 11 acres and 2 acres both situated in R.Sy No.189/1.
6. I heard the learned Counsel for the appellant in RSA No.1098/2011 and 1381/2011, Sri. P. Jayaram. There is no appearance for the respondents.
7. The parties are referred as per their names for better understanding.
8. Admittedly the plaint schedule properties in both the cases originally belonged to one Ravi Namboodiripad of Varikassery Mana. Sankaranarayanan Namboodiripad is the Son of the brother of Ravi Namboodiripad. Ravi Namboodiripad died in the year 1980 without having any wife and children. Sankaranarayanan Namboodiripad claimed the plaint schedule property alleg
Possession must be proven to claim a permanent prohibitory injunction, and failure to establish title or pay requisite court fees results in dismissal of claims.
In property disputes, the burden of proof lies equally on both parties, and proper documentation is essential to establish title and rights over the disputed property.
A suit for injunction is maintainable even without a prayer for declaration when the plaintiff is in possession and the title is not under dispute or a cloud.
The judgment emphasized the importance of establishing a prima facie case of possession and ownership, admissibility of documents and admissions, and the principles of balance of convenience and irre....
The validity of property grants cannot be dismissed solely based on the date of issuance, emphasizing the presumption of truth in revenue records until proven otherwise.
In a suit for injunction, the burden lies on the plaintiffs to prove prima facie case, balance of convenience, and irreparable loss, failing which the appeal may be dismissed.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that a plaintiff cannot claim injunction against the true owner without lawful possession and title.
In title suits, the burden of proof lies on the plaintiffs to establish their title, even if defendants do not contest; mere possession is insufficient for a declaration of title.
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