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2025 Supreme(Ker) 2913

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
Anil K.Narendran, Muralee Krishna S., JJ.
K.N.Raveendranathan – Petitioner
Versus
State Of Kerala, Represented By Additional Chief Secretary, Finance (Pwca) Department And Ors. – Respondents
OP(KAT) NO. 454 OF 2024
Decided On : 07-10-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Shri.S.Shaji, Shri.Mohanan C.
For the Respondent: Sri. B. Unnikrishna Kaimal, Sr. Gp

The tribunal's refusal to grant pay parity was upheld, emphasizing that pay structure decisions lie within the domain of the Pay Commission, highlighting the non-enforceable nature of pay parity claims.

Headnote:(A) Article 227 of the Constitution of India - Supervisory jurisdiction of High Court over subordinate courts and Tribunals - The petitioner challenges the Tribunal’s dismissal of his application for pay parity, which was based on the Pay Revision Commission’s recommendations - Existence of different pay scales for equivalent posts across departments without interchangeable status leads to rejection of claims for pay parity. (Paras 2, 6, 16)

(B) Pay Revision - Authority of Pay Commission - The court emphasizes the expert body’s role in determining pay structures based on various criteria, reiterating that pay parity is not an enforceable right without proper categorization of posts. (Paras 8, 10, 11)

Facts of the case:
The applicant, a retired Divisional Officer, claimed pay parity with several other positions based on previous pay structures prior to the 9th Pay Revision which had revised his scale downwards, resulting in a denial from the Tribunal.

Findings of Court:
The Tribunal's decision affirmed the reasonableness of the Pay Commission’s recommendations and dismissed the original application on the ground that entitlement to pay parity is not a right when posts are not interchangeable.

Issues: The main issue revolved around whether pay parity can be justifiably claimed in the absence of interchangeable expert assessment of post responsibilities.

Ratio Decidendi: The court highlights that the Pay Commission's recommendations are policy decisions, and interventions are appropriate only in cases of manifest error or principles' violation. The petitioner's right to claim pay parity was not established as an enforceable right due to differing post functionalities.

Result: The original petition stands dismissed.

Table of Content
1. challenge to tribunal's dismissal of pay parity claim. (Para 1 , 2)
2. employer response on pay scales and lack of interchangeability. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
3. restatement of supervisory powers over lower courts and tribunals. (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
4. conclusions on pay revision and the enforceability of parity. (Para 14 , 15)
5. final ruling that dismisses the petition. (Para 16)

JUDGMENT :

Muralee Krishna, J.

The petitioner who is the applicant in O.A. No.1421 of 2022 on the file of the Kerala Administrative Tribunal (the ‘Tribunal’ in short), Thiruvananthapuram, filed this original petition invoking supervisory jurisdiction of this Court under Article 227 of the Constitution of India challenging the order dated 19.08.2024 whereby the Tribunal dismissed that original application filed by the petitioner claiming parity in the scale of pay with that of Dy.S.P (Senior Grade), Deputy Commissioner Excise, Senior Joint Director (Factories and Boilers), Deputy Commissioner, Sales Tax, DIG of Prison, Senior Deputy Transport Commissioner, Additional Director, Mining and Geology, Deputy Director (Information and Public Relations), which according to him are identical posts as that of the post of Divisional Officer (Senior Grade) in that Fire and Rescue department, held by the petitioner at the time of his retirement.

2. Going by the averments in the original petition, the petitioner was promoted as Divisional Officer (Senior Grade) as on 28.06.2001, and he was granted the pay scale of Deputy Director (Administration) in the Fire Force Department till the 9th Pay Revision Order, as he was the senior-most Senior Grade Divisional Officer. The pay scale of the senior-most Senior Grade Divisional Officer in Fire Force was equal to the pay scale of Deputy Director (Administration) in Fire Force, Dy.S.P (H.G.), Deputy Excise Commissioner, Senior Joint Director in Factories & Boilers, Deputy Commissioner in State G.S.T, D.I.G. of Prison. Even though one level hike was given to the above posts in the 9th Pay Revision, only a normal revision was recommended for the posts of Senior Grade Divisional Officer. The petitioner retired from service as Divisional Officer (Senior Grade) on 31.07.2001. Despite submitting repeated representations before the anomaly committee, the grievance of the petitioner was not resolved. The Government rejected the claim of the petitioner by Annexure A24 order dated 11.07.2022. Hence, the petitioner approached the Tribunal with the original application. The claim of the petitioner for parity of pay is dismissed by the Tribunal by the impugned Ext. P4 order dated 19.08.2024. Hence the petitioner filed the original petition.

3. In the original application, on behalf of the 1st respondent, a reply statement dated 10.10.2022 was filed, opposing the relief sought by the petitioner. Paragraphs 5 to 8 of that reply statement read thus:

“5. In 8th pay Revision order, the post of Divisional Officer (Senior Grade) and the posts of Deputy Director (Administration), Deputy Superintendent of Police (Higher Grade), Deputy Excise Commissioner, Senior Joint Director, Factories & Boilers, Deputy Commissioner, State Goods and Services Taxes, Deputy Inspector General of Prisons were placed in same scale of pay i.e. Rs.20700 - 26600. In 9th Pay Revision, one level hike was given to the above posts except Divisional Officer (Senior Grade). Hence the above posts were placed in the scale of pay of Rs.40640-57440 against the normal revision of Rs.36140-49740. But the Commission recommended only normal revision to the post of Senior Grade Divisional Officer and thus it was placed in the scale of pay of Rs.36140-49740. The scale of pay of Divisional Officer (Senior Grade) has been revised normally in subsequent pay revisions also. Since the post is given corresponding revision in all pay revisions, no erosion in scale of pay has occurred to this category due to pay revision

6. Government revised the pay and allowances of the empl

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