IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
PUSHPENDRA SINGH BHATI, J.
Dharmendra - Appellant
Versus
State - Respondent
S.B. Criminal Appeal No. 674 of 2001
Decided on : 25-05-2022
Code of Criminal Procedure,1973 - Section 374 - Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 - Section 7, 13 (1) (d), (2),20 – Appeals from convictions – Offence relating to public servant being bribed – Presumption where public servant accepts any undue advantage - Whether any of witnesses have turned hostile, accused may rebut same, to satisfaction of competent Court and averting to facts of case, by providing a justification/explanation to such demand - Whether rebuttal was made at appropriate stage – Whether appellant-doctor made a demand for a bribe/illegal gratification from complainant – Held, This Court observes, after a thorough perusal of record, and above made observations that view taken by learned Trial Court is erroneous, since although Recovery has been proven, alleged Demand has not been proven - A presumption under Section 20 also cannot be made, and any basis for same is absent in light of clear proof that a lack of motive for alleged Demand - And therefore, charges against accused-appellant are not made out, as one of quintessential ingredients for offences under Sections 7 and 13 (1) (d) and 13 (2) of Act of 1988 is absent - Appeal allowed.
JUDGMENT :
1. This Criminal Appeal under Section 374 Cr.P.C. has been preferred against the judgment, dated 24.09.2001, passed by the Special Judge, Sessions Court (Prevention of Corruption Act), Jodhpur convicting the appellant in Sessions Case No. 13/1998 under Section 7 and 13 (1) (d), (2) of the Prevention of Corruption act with the following prayer:-
2. Brief facts of the case as placed before this Court by the learned counsel for the appellant are that on 03.05.1997, the complainant Karnaram approached the appellant, Dr. Dharmendra, because his brother, Jetharam had sustained an injury in the eye and sought a medical report stating the same. And that, it is alleged that the appellant-doctor, told him that he would provide him with a medical report stating therein that Jetha Ram had suffered a grievous injury, and that he demanded a bribe for the same. And that on 04.05.1997, the complainant Karnaram lodged a report at the Anti-Corruption Bureau, Jodhpur averting therein that the appellant-doctor made a demand of a bribe of Rs. 2,500/-And that, on 09.05.1997, trap proceedings were arranged at the house of the appellant-doctor, where he allegedly had told the complainant to meet him him with the bribe amount, and that the complainant had arrived with the bribe amount upon which the A.C.B. officials had smeared phenolphtalein powder, and that the same was kept on the living room table of the appellant while the appellant went inside to drink water. And that the complainant apparently took out Rs. 200/-from the total amount of Rs. 2,500/-and left the remainder of the amount, i.e. Rs. 2,300/-on the table before leaving the appellant-doctor’s residence. After which, the A.C.B. apprehended the appellant-doctor, and the currency notes so recovered from the doctor’s residence were found to be the same that the complainant had allegedly given him, and that furthermore, the hands of the appellant-doctor was found to be pinkish in colour. And that, he was arrested and charge sheeted, and subsequently convicted by the learned Court below.
3. Learned counsel for the appellant submits that there was no work pending with the appellant-doctor on the alleged date of the demand of the illegal gratification i.e. 03.05.1997 neither on the day the trap proceedings were set i.e. 09.05.1997. And that, as is evident from the letter at Ex. 12, on 22.04.1997, the S.H.O. sent the said letter to the medical officer of injured Jetha Ram in which due to injury, there was swelling and bruising/scratches around his left eye, and which was received by the appellant-doctor on 21.04.1997 on the basis of which he prepared the injury report, at Ex. 16, on 21.04.1997 itself. And that, the appellant dispatched the same on 27.04.1997 vide dispatch Register Entry, at Ex. 18, and was received at the Police Station on the same day, as is reflected from the said exhibit placed on the record.
3.1 Learned counsel also submits that the same was received by the S.H.O. Dangia Bass and shown to the complainant/patient Jetharam’s brother Karna Ram on 30.04.1997, and that therefore, there was also no possibility of the appellant-doctor having issued a second report.
3.2 Learned counsel further submits that the same was corroborated by P.W. 8, Dr. Kothari, a long time associate of the appellant-doctor, whose testimony from his examination in chief reveals that on 27.05.1997, while he was holding the post of Professor Medical Forensics, he recognized the handwriting and signature of the appellant-doctor on the report from having worked in close proximity with him.
3.3 Learned counsel also submits that Dr. Kothari disproved the authenticity of the report placed before the S.H.O. by the injured, which is at Ex. 19,
A. Subair v. State of Kerala (2009) 6 SCC 587
B. Noha Vs. State of Kerala and Ors. (2006) 12 SCC 277
Guruviah & Ors. Vs. The State (2019) 8 SCC 396
K.S. Panduranga v. State of Karnataka (2013) 3 SCC 721
Krishan Chander Vs. State of Delhi (2016) 3 SCC 108
Mukut Bihari and Anr. v. State of Rajasthan (2012) 11 SCC 642
Mukhtiar Singh (since deceased) through his L.R. Vs. State of Punjab (2017) 8 SCC 136
Mahavir Singh Vs. State of Madhya Pradesh (2016) 10 SCC 220
P. Satyanarayana Murthy Vs. The Dist. Inspector of Police and Ors. (2015) 10 SCC 152
State of A.P. v. Kommaraju Gopala Krishna Murthy (2000) 9 SCC 752
Satvir Singh Vs. State of Delhi (2014) 13 SCC 143
State of M.P. & Ors. Vs. Ram Singh (2000) 5 SCC 88
Sujit Biswas v. State of Assam (2013) 12 SCC 406
State of Gujarat Vs. Bhalchandra Laxmishankar Dave (2021) 2 SCC 735
State through Inspector of Police
State of Kerala and Anr. v. C.P. Rao (2011) 6 SCC 450
Subash Parbat Sonvane v. State of Gujarat (2002) 5 SCC 86
The main legal point established in the judgment is the necessity of proving both demand and recovery for conviction under the Prevention of Corruption Act, and the burden of proof on the accused to ....
The essential element of demand for illegal gratification under Section 7 of the Prevention of Corruption Act must be proved, and mere possession and recovery of money without evidence of voluntary a....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the requirement to prove demand and recovery of illegal gratification for offences under the Prevention of Corruption Act.
The absence of proof of demand for illegal gratification is critical; mere acceptance of money is insufficient for conviction under the Prevention of Corruption Act.
The prosecution must prove both the demand and acceptance of illegal gratification to substantiate a conviction under the Prevention of Corruption Act; mere recovery of bribe money without proven dem....
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