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2022 Supreme(Raj) 840

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR
SUDESH BANSAL, J.
Murlidhar (Since deceased) & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Prakash Chandra Kasliwal (died) through his legal representatives & Ors. - Respondents
S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 27 of 1987
Decided On : 27-09-2022

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr. G.S. Bapna, Sr. Advocate assisted by Mr. Siddharth Bapna & Mr. Banwari Singh.
For the Respondent: Mr. Rajendra Prasad Agarwal.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Section 100 - Limitation Act, 1963 - Article 113 - Civil suit for prohibitory and mandatory injunction regarding disputed roof - Suit partially decreed - Second appeal challenging mandatory injunction for wall demolition dismissed; first appellate court's error in assuming six-year limit from old Limitation Act, directing mandatory injunction without considering exceptional circumstances. (Paras 1, 5, 34, 41)

(B) Res Judicata - Principle not applicable as the previous suits involved different properties; findings affirmed based on the purchase deeds indicating plaintiff's ownership (Paras 5, 30, 31)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff claimed ownership over a roof purchased in 1957, contending defendant constructed a wall encroaching on this property. Original plaintiff sold the roof in 1968, leading to complex litigation regarding entitlements, possession, and rights of way.

Findings of Court:
The findings upheld the order prohibiting further constructions on the roof but reversed the mandatory injunction for wall demolition on limitations grounds, restoring trial court's position.

Issues: The main issues were regarding the applicability of res judicata and the validity of the mandatory injunction to demolish the wall.

Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that the first appellate court erroneously extended the old limitation provision and overlooked the minor encroachment involved in the wall construction. The plaintiff’s rights were upheld primarily through his registered purchase; issues of ownership and history of rights remain crucial to adjudication in future cases.

Result: The second appeal is partly allowed; the judgment for mandatory injunction is set aside, and the trial court’s decree is restored.

Table of Content
1. claims of ownership and possession over the roof. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. defendant no.2 contests plaintiff's claims. (Para 4 , 6 , 10)
3. supportive documentation of the ownership claims. (Para 5 , 7 , 8)
4. analysis of res judicata applicability. (Para 25 , 28)
5. assessment of defendant's rights and interests to avoid litigation. (Para 32 , 40)
6. consideration of limitations and peculiar circumstances for mandatory injunction. (Para 35 , 36)
7. final ruling on the appeal and restoration of previous judgment. (Para 42 , 43)

JUDGMENT :

1. Instant second appeal under Section 100 CPC arises out of a civil suit filed for seeking prohibitory and mandatory injunction, way back on 09.10.1963, in relation to a portion of roof, situated in the property, commonly known as “Purohit Ji Ka Katla”, Chowkri Vishveshwar Ji, Johri Bazar, Jaipur. The suit was instituted by plaintiff-Prakash Chandra Kasliwal, against two persons namely Purohit Swaroop Narain and Murlidhar who were made parties as defendant Nos.1 and 2. Plaintiff claimed that on the portion of roof, purchased by him, defendant No.2 has constructed a wall of 37 ft. long from north to south and up to 7 ft. height thereby has pressed an area of his roof, towards northern side of wall, mark ‘A’, 1.5 ft. and towards southern side of wall mark ‘B’ 8 inch. The plaintiff prayed for, to obtain possession of such area of his roof, which has been encroached upon by defendant No.2, while raising construction of wall in question and thus, a decree for prohibitory injunction not to raise any construction on his roof and for mandatory injunction seeking demolition of wall in question has prayed for. Defendant No.1 supported the plaintiff’s suit and defendant No.2 contested the same. The suit bearing No.16/77(501/1963) was partially decreed vide judgment dated 30.09.1983 by the Court of Additional Civil Judge No.2 Jaipur City, Jaipur and thereby defendants were restrained by prohibitory injunction not to raise any construction over the roof of plaintiff and not to obstruct the plaintiff from use and occupation of the roof in question but the suit for seeking mandatory injunction, to demolish the wall in question was dismissed being barred by limitation as well as the area of roof come under the wall is very small and negligible. The trial court also observed in the operative portion of judgment that right of defendant No.2 for coming and going to temple through staircase and roof in question will remain intact.

2. During trial of suit, plaintiff-Prakash Chand Kasliwal sold the roof in question to one Raj Kumar Sethi through sale deed dated 13.02.1968, therefore, purchaser-Raj Kumar Sethi was also allowed to be impleaded as plaintiff No.1/1 with plaintiff No.1-Prakash Chandra Kasliwal.

3. Plaintiff No.1/1-Raj Kumar Sethi, the subsequent purchaser, who was added as party, alone preferred first appeal No.1/1984, challenging the judgment dated 30.09.1983 to the extent of dismissing the suit for mandatory injunction and to the extent of the order passed by trial court to keep intact, the right of way of defendant No.2, for coming and going to the temple premises through the roof in question. The defendant No.1, was not aggrieved by the judgment and decree of trial court dated 30.09.1983, he did not preferred any appeal thereagainst. Defendant No.2-Murlidhar preferred his separate first appeal No.2/1984 challenging the judgment and decree dated 30.09.1983, to the extent of passing a decree for prohibitory injunction in respect of the roof in question in favour of plaintiff.

4. Both the first appeals No.1/1984, preferred by subsequent purchaser and plaintiff No.1/1 and first appeal No.2/1984, preferred by defendant No.2 were heard together and decided vide common judgment dated 28.02.1987 by the Court of Additional District Judge No.2, Jaipur City, Jaipur and thereby appeal No.2/1984 of defendant No.2 was dismissed affirming the decree of prohibitory injunction passed in favour of plaintiff bu

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