IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN, BENCH AT JAIPUR
ASHOK KUMAR JAIN, J.
Narayan Singh, S/o. Shri Ganga Singh and Ors. – Appellants
Versus
Rawal Rajeshwar Singh, S/o Maharwal Sangram Singh (deceased) and Ors. – Respondents
S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 383 of 2010
Decided On : 31-05-2024
CPC - Second Appeal - Section 100 - The court emphasized that a second appeal under Section 100 of the CPC is limited to substantial questions of law and cannot re-evaluate factual findings established by lower courts.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiffs filed a suit for possession against the defendant, claiming he was a licensee whose license was revoked upon termination of employment. The defendant claimed ownership through oral gift and adverse possession.
Finding of the Court:
The court upheld the lower courts' findings that the defendant was a licensee and that the claims of oral gift and adverse possession were not substantiated by evidence.
Issues: Whether the defendant had established a claim of ownership through oral gift or adverse possession, and whether the appeal raised substantial questions of law.
Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that findings of fact by lower courts cannot be re-agitated in a second appeal under Section 100 of the CPC unless substantial questions of law are involved.
Result: The second appeal is dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
(Ashok Kumar Jain, J.) :
1. Instant second appeal is preferred by appellants-defendants aggrieved from dismissal of Civil Regular Appeal No.27/2006 (127/2001) by learned Additional District Judge (Fast Track) No.7, Jaipur City, Jaipur, on dated 21.07.2010 and affirming the judgment and decree dated 21.03.2001 in Civil Suit No.86/1979.
2. The facts giving rise to the instant second appeal are that, the original-plaintiff-Rawal Rajeshwar Singh, Smt. Roopraj Laxmi with two minor plaintiffs-Raghvendra Singh and Yadvendra Singh had filed a suit for occupation, dispossession and mesne profit against Narayan Singh on 06.04.1979 indicating that defendant-Narayan Singh was provided with the premises mentioned in para no.2 of the plaint on license, as an employee of the plaintiff but when he was asked to work at Samod, District Jaipur then he did not return to duty from 01.06.1976 onwards. As a result his services were terminated from 01.09.1976 and the license was also terminated, therefore, a notice dated 03.01.1977 was served for handing over possession of the suit property and also demanding for mesne profit.
3. The original defendant has denied that due to his employment, the premises was given on license. The claim of license was denied by the defendant. The defendant has also denied the family settlement of the plaintiff and further claimed that defendant is in possession of the suit property from time of his forefather as the property was orally gifted to his forefather and at last protection of adverse possession also claimed by him.
4. During pendency of the civil suit Rawal Rajeshwar Singh and Smt. Roopraj Laxmi were expired and their legal representatives were substituted. The defendant-Narayan Singh was also expired and his legal representatives were substituted. Amended plaint and amended written statement were filed by both the parties.
5. Learned Trial Court has framed six issues and later framed three additional issues.
6. Total seven witnesses were examined by the plaintiffs and 23 documents were exhibited by the plaintiff. DW1 was examined on behalf of defendant and five documents exhibited. Learned Trial Court after considering the material on record has decided the issue nos.1, 2, 5 and 8 in favour of plaintiffs and against the defendant but issue nos.3, 4, 7 and 9 against the defendant and in favour of plaintiff. As a result of which the following decree was passed in favour of plaintiff and against the defendants (appellants herein):-
^^vr% mijksDr rudh;kr ds foospu ds vk/kkj ij oknhx.k dk nkok izfroknhx.k ds fo:} e; [kpkZ fMfØ fd;k tkdj izfr oknhx.k dks ;g vkKk nh tkrh gS fd fooknxzLr edku ftldk foLr`r o.kZu okni= ds en la[;k&2 esa fn;k x;k gS] dks [kkyh djds dCtk nks ekg ds vUnj vUnj oknhx.k dks lqiqnZ dj ns vkSj izfroknhx.k dks ;g Hkh vkKk nh tkrh gS fd fookfnr edku [kkyh djds dCtk oknhx.k dks lqiqnZ djus rd 75:- ekgokj ls fnukad 01-09-1976 ls ;wt ,.M vksdwis'ku crkSj vnk djsA fMfØ ipkZ fu;ekuqlkj cuk;k tkosA^^
7. Aggrieved from the aforesaid, a civil regular appeal was preferred by the appellants-defendants before learned District Judge and same was transferred to learned Additional District Judge (Fast Track) No.7, Jaipur City, Jaipur and this appeal was dismissed on 21.07.2010 but the decree was modified by the Appellate Court in the following manner:-
^^vr% vihykFkhZ izfroknhx.k }kjk izLrqr ;g vihy fo:} vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ,oa fMfØ fnukad 21-03-2001 ,rn~okjk [kfjt dh tkrh gS rFkk fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ,oa fMfØ fnukad 21-03-2001 dh iqf"V dh tkrh gS ysfdu fn, x, vuqrks"k dks fuEu izdkj la'kksf/kr fd;k tkrk gS%&
jsLiksMs.V oknhx.k }kjk izLrqr ewy okn] jsLiksMs.V oknh la[;k&4 ;knosUnzflag ds i{k esa rFkk izfroknhx.k ds fo:} fMfØ fd;k tkdj vihykFkhZ izfroknhx.k dks vkns'k fn;k tkrk gS fd os okn i= dh en la[;k&02 esa of.kZr fookfnr lEifRr dk [kkyh dk dCtk 'kkfUriwoZd nks ekg ds vUnj jsLiksMs.V oknh la[;k&04 ;knosUnzflag dks lEHkyk nsosa rFkk fnukad 01-09-76 ls dCtk lEHkykus rd dh vo/kh dk 75@&
Maqboolunnisa Vs. Mohd. Saleha Quaraishi reported in (1998) 9 SCC 585
Gopal Krishnaji Ketkar Vs. Mohamed Haji Latif and Ors. reported in AIR 1968 SC 1413
Bankey Behari Vs. Surya Narain @ Munnoo reported in (2004) 11 SCC 393
Janki Narayan Bhoir Vs. Narayan Namdeo Kadam reported in AIR 2003 SC 761
Govind Das Vs. Kanhiya Lal and Anr. reported in (2000) 9 SCC 219
Randhir Kaur Vs. Prithvi Pal Singh and Ors. reported in (2019) 17 SCC 71
Sudish Prasad and Ors. Vs. Babui Jonhia alias Manorama Devi and Ors. reported in (2013) 9 SCC 181
C.A. Sulaiman vs. State Bank of Travancore
A second appeal under Section 100 CPC cannot challenge concurrent factual findings unless substantial questions of law are presented.
(1) Adverse Possession – Mere long possession will not create any right by way of adverse possession – There should be element of definite refusal of right of ownership or title as well as hostile po....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that a claim of adverse possession and ownership based on an oral gift must be substantiated with clear evidence, and the burden of proof lies with....
Second Appeal – Substantial question of law -condition precedent for entertaining and deciding a Second Appeal being existence of a substantial question of law, whenever a question is framed by the H....
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