RAJASTHAN HIGH COURT BENCH AT JAIPUR
Farjand Ali, J.
State of Rajasthan & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Ram Sharan Singh & Ors. - Respondents
S.B. Criminal Revision Petition No. 113, 131 and 114 of 2022
Decided On : 17-01-2023
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. overview of criminal revision petitions. (Para 1 , 2) |
| 2. summary of state withdrawal of prosecution. (Para 3 , 4) |
| 3. arguments supporting prosecution withdrawal. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9) |
| 4. court observation on legal principles. (Para 10 , 11 , 12) |
| 5. importance of protecting bureaucratic decisions. (Para 13 , 14 , 15) |
| 6. legal grounds for withdrawal under section 321. (Para 16 , 17) |
| 7. court consent principle. (Para 18 , 19 , 20) |
| 8. caution in corruption prosecution. (Para 21 , 22) |
| 9. role of the public prosecutor. (Para 23 , 24) |
| 10. submission supporting withdrawal. (Para 25 , 26) |
| 11. judicial principles on prosecution withdrawal. (Para 27 , 28 , 29) |
| 12. implied conditions for trial continuation. (Para 30 , 31 , 32) |
| 13. hypothetical nature of trial evidence. (Para 33 , 34 , 35) |
| 14. analysis of state committee findings. (Para 36 , 37 , 38) |
| 15. committee's view on withdrawal. (Para 39 , 40) |
| 16. lack of prosecution intention. (Para 41 , 42 , 43) |
| 17. senior executive liability discussion. (Para 44 , 45) |
| 18. arguments against trial continuation. (Para 46 , 47 , 48 , 49) |
| 19. assessment of prosecutorial decision. (Para 50 , 51 , 52) |
| 20. final decision justification. (Para 53 , 54) |
| 21. court’s consent to withdraw prosecution. (Para 55 , 56 , 57) |
JUDGMENT
1. The present criminal revision petitions have been filed by the petitioner-state and the accused-petitioners under Section 397 r/w Section 401 Cr.P.C. challenging the correctness, legality or propriety of the order dated 26.11.2021 passed by the learned Special Judge, Prevention of Corruption Act Cases, No.4, Jaipur Metro in Criminal Regular Case No. 01/2021 whereby the application moved by the public prosecutor for withdrawal of prosecution against the respondents No. 2 to 4 under Section 321 CrPC was rejected.
2. The brief facts of the case are that the complainant- Ram Sharan Singh filed a complaint regarding private agricultural land and a Preliminary Enquiry No. PE-15/2014 was registered by the ACB on 26.03.2014. Then, an FIR bearing No. 422/2014 came to be filed at the Anti-Corruption Bureau, Rajasthan, Jaipur under Sections 109 , 420, 457, 471 and 120-B of IPC and section 13(1) (d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act. A charge sheet was eventually filed on 26.11.2015 in the case against the accused Nishkam Diwakar and against one Shailendra Garg while investigation was ongoing under Section 173(8) of the CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE against G.S. Sandhu, Omkar Mal Saini and three other individuals. A supplementary charge sheet was submitted on 08.05.2016 stating that while the investigation against accused Shanti Dhariwal and N.L. Meena is still underway under Section 173(8) of the CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE , offences were made out against accused G.S. Sandhu and Omkar Mal Saini and two other individuals named Vijay Mehta and Anil Kumar Agarwal. Thereafter, co-accused N.L. Meena and Shanti Dhariwal were the subject of a second supplementary report which was submitted on 12.06.2019 which was followed by a closure report filed against them while the investigation was kept pending against co-accused Lalit Panwar. The accused G.S. Sandhu and Nishkam Diwakar made a representation to the State stating that prosecution against them should be dropped under Section 321 CrPC in view of the subsequent and final conclusions reached by the Investigating Agency. The representation was examined by the UDH department and the department recorded the following findings on 19.08.2019:
ii) The land was mutated in favour of JDA under Section 90 B (1) of the Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, 1956, therefore, there was no other option left with the JDA but to regularise/allot the land in the person interested because as per the prevailing rule, the land cannot be used for Government or any other purpose.
iii) Neither the state government nor the
Bairam Murlidhar vs. State of Andhra Pradesh (2014 10 SCC 380)
M.N. Sankarayaraynan Nair vs. P.V. Balakrishan (1972 1 SCC 318)
Rajender Kumar Jain vs. State through Special Police Establishment and Ors. (1980 3 SCC 435)
Sheonandan Paswan vs. State of Bihar and Others
Shiji and Ors. vs. Radhika and Ors. reported in AIR 2012 SC 499
State of Bihar vs. Ram Naresh Pandey and Anr. (AIR 1957 SC 389)
State of Kerala vs. K. Ajith and Ors. reported in AIR 2021 SC 3954
State of Orissa vs. Chandrika Mohapatra
Yernini Raja Ramchandar vs. Styate of Asndhra Pradesh and Ors. (2009 15 SCC 604)
Prosecutors must exercise independent judgment when seeking consent to withdraw charges, failing which may undermine public justice and judicial processes.
Withdrawal of prosecution under Section 321 Cr.P.C. requires judicial consent, with the court ensuring it serves public interest, reflecting the prosecutor's independent evaluation of the case's meri....
Withdrawal of prosecution requires justification in public interest and cannot be merely on administrative instructions without substantiation.
Withdrawal of prosecution under Section 321 CrPC is justified when the offence is trivial, the accused show reformation, and public interest is served.
The duty of the Public Prosecutor to exercise discretion with utmost care and circumspection, and not to act under pressure from higher authorities.
Withdrawal of prosecution under Section 321 Cr.P.C. requires court's consent, ensuring genuine public interest and good faith without disturbance to public order.
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