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2025 Supreme(HP) 1339

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AT SHIMLA
SANDEEP SHARMA, J.
Manoj Kumar – Appellant
Versus
National Law University, Shimla – Respondent
C.W.P. Nos. 612, 623, 655, 663, 669, 3855 of 2025
Decided On : 01-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Ajay Sharma, Yogesh Kumar Chandel, Atharv Sharma
For the Respondents: Amar Vivek, Gaurav Thakur, Rajesh Kumar Parmar

Selected candidates for regular posts cannot be arbitrarily appointed on contract; such appointments deemed regular from inception, fictional service breaks invalid, entitling continuity, re-engagement, and regularization benefits sans back wages.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Articles 12, 14, 16, 226 - Service Law - Advertisement for regular posts of security guards with tentative number of vacancies liable to increase/decrease - Selection Committee recommends 26 candidates for regular appointment noting university requirement - University cannot pick and choose by appointing some on regular basis and others, including petitioners, on contract with full pay scale - Such arbitrary action violates equality - Appointments deemed regular from initial date for pay, seniority; fictional breaks in third year of service invalid, period counted as continuous. (Paras 14-22, 23-25)

(B) University Service Regulations, 2020 - Clause 2.5.2 - All appointments shall be regular subject to probation; no provision for direct contractual appointments except superannuated - Clause 1.1 - Service conditions of contractual employees governed by government guidelines - Cannot convert regular to contractual midway or disengage on cadre review without justification. (Paras 10-12, 26)

(C) Labour Law - Non-renewal of contract after extensions with artificial breaks - Practice deprecated; prevents claiming 240 days for regularization - Verbal disengagement set aside where work available, reassigned to others. (Paras 22-25)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners, selected pursuant to advertisement for regular security guard posts, offered contractual appointment despite recommendation for regular; served over 2½ years with fictional breaks; verbally disengaged despite ongoing need, work given to others; fresh advertisement withdrawn post-notice.

Findings of Court:
Petitioners deemed appointed on regular basis from initial date (21.3.2022); re-engaged; disengaged period counts for consequential benefits including seniority, but no monetary claim.

Issues: Validity of contractual appointment despite regular selection and regulations mandating regular posts; legality of fictional breaks and verbal termination; applicability of government regularization policy to university; maintainability against non-state entity.

Ratio Decidendi: Where advertisement and selection for regular posts, arbitrary downgrade to contract exploiting unequal bargaining power invalid; regulations preclude contractual hires; fictional breaks to thwart 240-day completion impermissible; prior employees protected from cadre review disengagement. Result : Petitions allowed.

Table of Content
1. clubbing similar regularization petitions. (Para 1 , 2)
2. regular posts but petitioners given contract appointments. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
3. writ unmaintainable; no regularization for contractuals. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
4. arbitrary regular-contract distinction violates equality. (Para 10 , 11 , 12)
5. tentative posts; committee recommended excess regulars. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
6. initial 30 sanctioned; later reduced to 17. (Para 17 , 18)
7. no contract provision; appointments regular ab initio. (Para 19 , 20)
8. fictional breaks and unequal bargaining invalid. (Para 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
9. regulations mandate regular appointments; policy applies. (Para 25 , 26 , 27)
10. cadre review cannot disengage eligible staff. (Para 28 , 29 , 30)
11. university regulations require regular nature appointments. (Para 31 , 32)
12. nlu is state; writ maintainable. (Para 33)
13. uma devi inapplicable to selected candidates. (Para 34 , 35 , 36 , 37)
14. deem petitioners regularly appointed from inception. (Para 38)

JUDGMENT :

SANDEEP SHARMA, J.

1. Since common questions of law and facts are involved in the above captioned cases and similar reliefs have been prayed for, this Court, after clubbing all the cases together, heard them jointly and are being disposed of vide the common judgment.

2. By way of instant petitions, petitioners have prayed for the reliefs, which are similar, as such, reliefs prayed for in CWP No. 623 of 2025 are reproduced herein below:-

“(i) That the impugned acts of the respondent-University above stated being contrary to all norms of justice may be quashed and set aside with direction to the respondent-University to consider the petitioner having been appointed on regular basis on and w.e.f. 21.3.2022 for all intents and purposes i.e. for the purpose of pay, seniority etc. etc.

(ii) That the impugned act of the respondent in giving fictional breaks in the third year of contractual services of the petitioner being contrary to the judgment of the Hon'ble Apex Court and by this Hon’ble Court may very kindly be quashed and set- aside with directions to the respondent-University to regularize the period of fictional breaks of the petitioner;

(iii) That in the alternative direction may be issued to the respondent to regularize the services of the petitioner on and w.e.f. 21.3.2022 on completion of continuous service on contract basis for a period of two years to secure the ends of law and justice;

(iv) That verbal termination/ retrenchment/ dispensing with the services of the petitioner with effect from 1.1.2025 may be quashed and set aside with direction to the respondent-University to treat the petitioner in continuous service without any break of any kind whatsoever and to allow the petitioner to continue serving as security guard without keeping any ill will/malice against the petitioner for approaching this Hon’ble Court for the redressal of his grievances.”

3. Precisely, the grouse of the petitioners, as highlighted in the petitions and further canvassed by learned counsel representing the petitioners, is that though the respondent-University had issued advertisement dated 12.08.2021 (Annexure P-1) for filling up various posts including the post of Security Guard (Male) on regular basis, but while making appointment, it resorted to pick and choose method by offering regular appointment to some of the candidates, whereas petitioners, who though were also declared successful, was/were offered appointment on contract basis.

4. For having bird’s eye view, relevant facts as emerge from the pleadings adduced on record by the respective parties are that vide advertisement dated 12.08.2021(Annexure P-1), respondent-University invited applications for various posts including the post of Security Guard (Male) figuring at Sr. No.10 in Group-D. As per the advertisement, 10 posts were available (UR-6, SC-2, OBC-1 and EWS-1). It specifically came to be notified in the advertisement that number of post(s) is/are tentative and may increase


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