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2025 Supreme(Jhk) 1342

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI 
Deepak Roshan, J.
Pramod Kumar Sinha - Petitioner
Versus
Chairman, Coal India Ltd. and ors. - Respondents
W.P.(S) No. 4411 of 2020, W.P.(S) No.1595 of 2021
Decided On : 28-07-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Uday Prakash, Advocate
For the Respondent:Mr. Shivam Utkarsh Sahay, Advocate

Disciplinary authorities must follow defined procedures; recommendations made pending inquiries must align with statutory guidelines to avoid facilitating misconduct.

Headnote:(A) Coal India Limited Conduct, Discipline and Appeal Rules, 1978 - The court addressed whether the disciplinary charges against the petitioners constituted misconduct, evaluating definitions and consequences therein per numerous cited judicial precedents, including the significance of the employee's correct date of birth for superannuation and disciplinary proceedings. (Para 1)

(B) Judicial Review - The court emphasized that it would not interfere with findings in disciplinary cases unless the authority's decision was perverse or in violation of natural justice, relying on established principles of judicial review. (Para 18)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners, both officers within Central Coalfields Limited, faced disciplinary proceedings for allegedly facilitating the premature retirement of a non-executive employee despite ongoing inquiries regarding his qualifications. The charges stemmed from the failure to comply with company rules in handling his retirement and associated benefits. (Paras 1-4)

Findings of Court:
The court found the disciplinary process to be appropriately followed, with adequate opportunities for the petitioners to present their case. The minor penalties imposed were deemed justifiable. (Para 20)

Issues: The key issues were whether the charges constituted misconduct, the legitimacy of the disciplinary actions taken in light of company policies, and if there were any grounds for judicial interference with the findings or penalties imposed. (Para 13)

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that recommending retirement based on unverified data and without due process undermined the disciplinary inquiry's integrity, affirming the penalties imposed were aligned with the established legal standards of misconduct. (Para 20)

Result: Both writ petitions dismissed.

Table of Content
1. petitioner's relief requests regarding penalties. (Para 2)
2. background of disciplinary proceedings against employees. (Para 3 , 4)
3. petitioners argue absence of clear misconduct. (Para 5 , 6)
4. disciplinary authority's failure to justify punishments. (Para 7 , 8)
5. argument supporting validity of disciplinary actions. (Para 9 , 10)
6. court's review of departmental inquiry findings. (Para 11 , 12)
7. consideration of 'misconduct' definition and enforcement. (Para 13 , 14)
8. legality of recommendations made by petitioners. (Para 15 , 16)
9. evaluation of procedural integrity in disciplinary proceedings. (Para 17 , 18)
10. final opinion on judicial review limitations. (Para 19 , 20)
11. conclusion: petitions dismissed. (Para 21)

JUDGMENT :

Deepak Roshan, J.

W.P.(S) No. 4411 of 2020

The instant writ petition has been preferred by the Petitioner for the following reliefs:

(i) For quashing the punishment order dt. 31.08.2017 (Annexure-14) passed by the Respondent No. 3, whereby and whereunder petitioner has been awarded minor penalty of "withholding of two increments for a period of two years without cumulative effect" in the matter of minor penalty proceedings initiated against him by the Memorandum of the Charge dt. 7.10.2016 issued to him and also to quash the Appellate Order dt. 28.01.2020 (Annexure-16) passed by Respondent No. 1, whereby and whereunder punishment of withholding of two increments for a period of two years without cumulative effect, inflicted upon the petitioner has been upheld by the Respondent No. 1/Appellate Authority in the matter of departmental appeal; against the said punishment; preferred before him by the petitioner.

(ii) For a further direction(s) upon the respondents to grant petitioner’s basic of Rs. 1,58,280/- as on 01.04.2018 and to continue with the same and fixing his further basic thereby as to Rs. 1,63,030/- as on 01.04.2019, which have been withheld consequent to passing of punishment order dt. 31.08.2017 (Annexure-14) and pay the arrears with consequential benefits arising thereof, alongwith interest.

W.P.(S) No. 1595 of 2021

The instant writ petition has been preferred by the Petitioner for the following reliefs:

(i) For quashing the punishment order dt. 31.08.2017 (Annexure-10) passed by the Respondent No. 3, whereby and whereunder petitioner has been awarded minor penalty of "withholding of three increments for a period of three years without cumulative effect" in the matter of minor penalty proceedings initiated against him by the Memorandum of the Charge dt. 7.10.2016 issued to him and also to quash the Appellate Order dt. 28.01.2020 (Annexure-17) passed by Respondent No. 1, whereby and whereunder punishment of withholding of three increments for a period of three years without cumulative effect, inflicted upon the petitioner has been upheld.

(ii) For a further direction upon the respondents to grant petitioner’s entitled basic as on 01.04.2018, 01.04.2019 and 01.04.2020, which have been withheld consequent to passing of punishment order dt. 31.08.2017 (Annexure- 10); and pay the arrear with consequential benefits thereof.

(iii) Upon quashing and setting aside the impugned orders a further direction upon respondents to grant promotion to the petitioner from the post of Senior Manager (P) in E-6 Grade to the post of Chief Manager (P) in E-7 Grade retrospectively from the date, when his juniors in the post of Sr. Manager (P)/E-6 Grade have been promoted; alongwith payment of back wages arising thereof, as petitioner was not considered for promotion owing to currency of punishment of withholding of annual increments for three years.

2. Since issues involved in both these writ applications are same and similar and are also interconnected; as such, both were heard together and being disposed of by this common order. The brief facts lie in a narrow compass. The petitioners, Shri Pramod Kumar Sinha and Shri Bharatjee Thakur, are officers in the executive cadre under the Personnel Discipline

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