IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE RAJESH SHANKAR, J.
Ajay Kumar - Petitioner
Versus
Union of India represented through Secretary, Ministry of Home Affairs and Ors. - Respondents
W.P.(S) No. 2920 of 2021
Decided On : 05-01-2024
(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Judicial review - The High Court does not act as an appellate authority over departmental inquiries and must ensure that the inquiry was conducted fairly and in accordance with the principles of natural justice. (Paras 16-24)
(B) Disciplinary proceedings - The court will not interfere with the quantum of punishment unless it is shocking to the conscience of the court. (Paras 21-24)
(C) Double jeopardy - Previous punishments can be considered while imposing a new penalty, and this does not constitute double jeopardy. (Paras 25)
Facts of the case:
The petitioner was dismissed from service for misconduct, including reporting late and alleged intoxication, after a departmental inquiry found the charges proved.
Findings of Court:
The court upheld the disciplinary authority's decision, finding no violation of natural justice and that the punishment was proportionate to the misconduct.
Issues: Whether the punishment was disproportionate and if the inquiry violated principles of natural justice.
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the disciplinary authority's findings were based on evidence and that the punishment was not disproportionate to the misconduct.
Result: Writ petition dismissed.
ORDER :
(Rajesh Shankar, J.) :
The present writ petition has been filed for quashing the order as contained in letter no. 3376 dated 01.06.2019 (Annexure-4 to the writ petition) passed by the Commandant-cum-Disciplinary Authority, Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) Unit, CCL Kargali, Bokaro (the respondent no. 4) whereby the petitioner has been imposed punishment of ‘removal from service’. Further prayer has been made for quashing the order as contained in letter no. 6399 dated 14.08.2019 (Annexure- 5 to the writ petition) passed by the appellate authority i.e., Deputy Inspector General, CISF, Ministry of Home Affairs, Ranchi (the respondent no. 3) whereby the appeal preferred by the petitioner against the order dated 01.06.2019 passed by the respondent no. 4 has been dismissed. The petitioner has also prayed for quashing the order as contained in letter no. 16713 dated 19.12.2019 (Annexure-6 to the writ petition) passed by the revisional authority i.e., Inspector General, CISF (Ministry of Home Affairs), Eastern Zone Headquarter, Ranchi (the respondent no. 2) whereby the revision petition dated 25.09.2019 preferred by the petitioner against the appellate order dated 14.08.2019 passed by the respondent no. 3 has been rejected. Prayer has also been made for issuance of direction upon the respondents to reinstate the petitioner in service with all consequential benefits.
2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the petitioner was appointed on the post of Constable/GD (General Duty) under the respondent no. 2 on 22.07.2009 and was allotted CISF No. 097352994. He committed trivial mistakes while discharging his duty on different dates during the period from 5.8.2017 to 27.8.2018 for which he was saddled with six minor punishments like stoppage of one annual increment without cumulative effect on two occasions and withholding of salary on four occasions i.e., for 1 day, 7 days, 5 days and 7 days.
3. It is further submitted that when the petitioner was posted at CISF Unit, CCL Kargali, District-Bokaro, he was put under suspension with immediate effect in contemplation of a departmental proceeding vide order as contained in letter no. 10 dated 09.01.2019 issued by the Deputy Commandant, Dhori Area of CISF Unit, CCL Kargali. Thereafter, the respondent no. 4, vide letter no. 587 dated 23.1.2019, framed following charges against the petitioner: -
(ii) Further, when the petitioner was taken to Dhori Regional Hospital for his medical examination at 9.40 p.m. on 09.1.2019, he also misbehaved with QRT Incharge, Sub-Inspector Sri Awatar Singh by abusing and scuffling with him.
(iii) Previously, the petitioner was already penalized on six occasions with minor punishments for misconducts, indiscipline, dereliction of duty and disobedience of the directions given by senior officials.
4. Learned counsel for the petitioner also submits that the petitioner was medically examined on 9.1.2019 at 10.25 P.M. by the Medical Officer, Dhori Regional Hospital and the medical report did not support the allegation of intoxication as levelled in the memo of charge since the doctor had diagnosed the case as "pain in abdomen" with "aberrant behaviour". The petitioner filed written statement of defence on 27.1.2019 tendering apology with a request to consider his case sympathetically but the same was not considered in its true
State of Karnataka & Another Vs. N. Gangaraj reported in (2020) 3 SCC 423
Pravin Kumar Vs. Union of India & Others reported in (2020) 9 SCC 471
State of Meghalaya Vs. Mecken Singh N. Marak reported in (2008) 7 SCC 580
UT of Dadra & Nagar Haveli Vs. Gulabhia M. Lad reported in (2010) 5 SCC 775
The High Court does not act as an appellate authority in disciplinary matters and will not interfere with the quantum of punishment unless it is shocking to the conscience.
Judicial review in disciplinary matters is limited; courts cannot reassess evidence or interfere unless findings are arbitrary or unsupported by evidence.
The court emphasized the necessity of adhering to principles of natural justice in disciplinary inquiries, asserting that findings must be supported by adequate evidence and fair procedures.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the limited scope of interference in disciplinary proceedings, emphasizing the need for evidence-based findings and the principles of proportionali....
The main legal point established in the given judgment is the limited scope of judicial review in disciplinary inquiries and the principles of proportionality and the Wednesbury rule.
The findings in the criminal and departmental proceedings were based on the same set of facts, and acquittal in a criminal case does not automatically entitle the individual to relief in departmental....
Fairness in disciplinary proceedings requires adherence to natural justice, and actions unsupported by adequate evidence are not sustainable.
Judicial review of disciplinary actions emphasizes fairness of the inquiry and proportionality of punishment, allowing modification from removal to compulsory retirement when circumstances warrant.
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