IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
N. SATHISH KUMAR, J.
S. Divya - Appellant
Versus
The Life Insurance Corporation of India, rep. by its Chariman, Mumbai & Others - Respondent
WP.No. 31224 of 2014 & M.P.No. 1 of 2014
Decided On : 06-09-2022
Suppression of Material Facts - Insurance Claim - S.45 of the Insurance Act - [S.45 of the Insurance Act] - The court held that mere suppression of facts, unless it has a direct bearing on the risk on the insured, would not be construed as suppression of material facts. The rejection of the claim of the Insurance Company on the ground of suppression of fact of accident was not sustainable in the eye of law.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner's father had two insurance policies. The claim was rejected by the Insurance Company on the ground that the insured had suppressed the fact of treatment for an accident prior to the policy.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the rejection of the claim by the Insurance Company on the ground of suppression of fact of accident was not sustainable in the eye of law.
Issues: The main issue was whether the suppression of the fact of treatment for an accident prior to the policy amounted to suppression of material facts and had a direct bearing on the risk of the insured.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that mere suppression of facts, unless it has a direct bearing on the risk on the insured, would not be construed as suppression of material facts.
Final Decision: The Writ Petition was allowed, and the Order of the third, fourth and fifth respondents dated 30.03.2013, 07.02.2014 and 08.07.2014 were set aside. The insurance company was directed to pay the sum assured as per the terms of the contract within a period of two months from the date of receipt of a copy of this Order.
JUDGMENT
(Prayer: This Writ Petition is filed, under the Article 226 of Constitution of India, to issue a Writ of Certiorarified Mandamus calling for the records of the respondents. No.3, 4 and 5 issued in Proceedings No.Nil dated 30.03.2013; and in proceedings No.Nil dated 07.02.2014; and in Award No.IO[CHN]/A/LI-016/2014-15 dated 08.07.2014 respectively and quash the same and issue a consequential direction to the respondents to disburse the amount assured under the policy No.718506209 and 718506210 for a sum of Rs.1,00,000/- and Rs.1,25,000/- respectively with interest at 18% per annum.)
Challenging the Order of the first respondent confirming the Order passed by the original authority, viz., the fifth respondent, rejecting the payment of money payable under the policy, the present Writ Petition has been filed.
2. Originally the petitioner's father has taken two policies bearing No.718506209 and 718506210 for a sum of Rs.one lakh and Rs.1,25,000/- respectively on 29.09.2009. Thereafter, the petitioner's father died on 04.01.2012 due to hyper tension. When the amount was claimed by the petitioner, the same was rejected by the third respondent by its Order dated 30.03.2013 on the ground that at the time of proposal, the insurer has suppressed certain facts of taking treatment in the hospital due to an accident. Accordingly, the claim has been rejected. The appellate authority without taking any independent decision, by a cryptic Order, just confirmed the Order of the original authority. As against which, an appeal has been filed before the fifth respondent. The fifth respondent partly allowed the claim and paid exgratia payment of Rs.50,000/-. While denying, it is specifically recorded by the fifth respondent that though there is suppression of the treatment of the insurer for certain fractures due to the accident, he has clearly recorded as follows :
a] The Agent under Policy knows him since for the past 5 years. But has not noted any past ailments.
b] No action has been taken against Agent or explanation called for.
c] Impression under CT scan report of Govt. Stanley Hospital, Chennai dated 19.12.2008 which says contusion in posterior segment of the right lobe of liver. This appears to be arising out of the accident only and there is no other disease of the liver. Even the physical parameters recorded at the time of admission on 03.12.2008 referred to, No history of LOC, vomiting, ENT Bleed, Seizure and the BP is recorded as 11/70.
d] High Blood pressure is nowhere proved by documents as on 29.09.2009 i.e., the date of proposal. The history of accelerated HT was recorded only one week prior to death.
e] Maturity sum assured has not been printed in the Policy document for both the policies.
e] There is no nexus between the accident and the cause of death.
and he had clearly recorded that there is no nexus between the accident and cause of death. By holding so, since the insurer has suppressed the fact of treatment for the accident, the claim has been rejected. As against which the present writ petition has been filed.
3. The learned counsel for the petitioner would submit that in the form, earlier treatment for fractures has not been stated and it would not amount to suppression of material facts. There is no nexus between the accident and cause of death, which has been admitted by the fifth respondent. In view of misstatement or suppression of facts which has no bearing on the risk of the insured, the claim cannot be rejected under the pretext of suppression of material facts. It is for the insurer to establish that such suppression is material one which had a bearing to the cause of death. However, the Insurance Company has not established the above fact. That apart, the Ombudsman has also clearly found that there is no nexus between the accident and cause of death. Hence, the rejection of the claim by the Insurance Company is not
Mere suppression of facts, unless it has a direct bearing on the risk on the insured, would not be construed as suppression of material facts.
The judgment established the importance of materiality, fraudulent intent, and knowledge of the policy-holder in cases of misstatement or suppression of facts in relation to insurance claims.
Suppression of material facts by the insured in the proposal form dis-entitles the claimant to receive the maturity amount under the medi-claim policy.
The materiality of a fact is determined by the circumstances of each case and is a question of fact. A fact to be material has to have a direct bearing on the cause of death, and mere proximity to th....
Suppression of material facts by an insured can render an insurance claim voidable, impacting the insurer's liability.
Suppression of material fact - there is suppression of material facts by the Insured and the sum assured is not payable to the Complainant/Petitioner.
1) Per Sec. 45 of Insurance Act, claim can be repudiated, if it is proved that the assured knowingly and fraudulently suppressed the material facts.2) Contractual duty so imposed on the Insured is su....
Insurers cannot repudiate a policy for suppression of facts unless they prove a causal link to the cause of death; mere suppression is insufficient.
(1) Correct declarations - Had the Insured given correct declaration or answers to the aforesaid questions, the Insurance Company may have taken an informed decision as to whether he should be enroll....
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