HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
M. SUNDAR, N. ANAND VENKATESH, JJ.
S. Uma - Appellant
Versus
The Superintendent of Police Cuddalore & Another - Respondents
H.C.P. No. 439 of 2023
Decided On : 24-03-2023
Habeas Corpus - Missing Person - The court found that the missing person had voluntarily left parental home and was not illegally detained. The court declined to issue a writ of habeas corpus and directed the investigation to continue.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner's daughter was reported missing, and a complaint was lodged with the police. The investigation revealed that the daughter had voluntarily left home and was with a friend.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that there was no illegal detention or custody involved in the case and declined to issue a writ of habeas corpus. The court directed the investigation to continue and the missing person to be produced before the jurisdictional Magistrate.
Issues: The main issue was whether the missing person was illegally detained, warranting the issuance of a writ of habeas corpus.
Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that the missing person had voluntarily left home and was not illegally detained, thus rejecting the need for a writ of habeas corpus.
Final Decision: The Habeas Corpus Petition was disposed of as closed, and the court directed the missing person to be produced before the jurisdictional Magistrate.
JUDGMENT
(Prayer: Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying for issuance of writ of habeas corpus directing the second respondent to produce petitioner''s 19 years old daughter XXX D/o.Senthil Kumar, and set her at liberty.)
M. Sundar, J.,
1. Captioned ''Habeas Corpus Petition'' (hereinafter ''HCP'' for the sake of convenience and clarity) has been filed saying that the petitioner''s daughter ''XXX'' (We are masking the name of the petitioner''s daughter and she shall be referred to as ''absentee'' for the sake of brevity, convenience and clarity) is missing from 06.03.2023.
2. Mr.N.Suriyamuthu, learned counsel on record for the petitioner submits that the petitioner has lodged a complaint with the jurisdictional police (second respondent) on 07.03.2023 and the same has been taken on file vide Crime No.89 of 2023.
3. We find that there is no averment in the support affidavit about any illegal detention. We also notice that no private individual or private entity has been arrayed as co-respondent.
4. Be that as it may considering the facts, circumstances and the nature of the matter, we deemed it appropriate to issue notice. Learned State Additional Public Prosecutor accepted notice for both respondents. Mr.R.Muniyapparaj, learned State Additional Public Prosecutor who accepted notice for both respondents submits on instructions that the investigation was kick-started pursuant to the aforementioned 07.03.2023 complaint and preliminary investigation reveals that the absentee is friendly with another individual ''YYY'' (We are masking the name and we shall be referring to the person as ''absentee''s friend'') and it appears that the absentee has voluntarily left parental home and is away with absentee''s friend. Learned State Additional Public Prosecutor has placed before us the ''Case Diary'' (''CD'') and our attention is drawn to a handwritten note which we are informed was handwritten by the absentee. It appears that the absentee has written that she is put under pressure to marry a person by her parents (petitioner and her spouse) and being disenchanted and disillusioned with this, she has left the parental home. We make it clear that we are not expressing any opinion or view on this aspect of the matter and we deem it appropriate to say that the investigation shall continue on its own merits and in accordance with law.
5. We are informed emphatically that this is not a case of illegal detention or illegal custody. We therefore do not intend to embark upon a habeas corpus legal drill. Therefore, this drops the curtains qua the captioned HCP.
6. Before we write the concluding paragraph, we deem it appropriate to write that we are informed that the jurisdictional Magistrate qua aforementioned 07.03.2023 complaint is District Munsif cum Judicial Magistrate, Parangipettai, Cuddalore and now Judicial Magistrate II, Chidambaram is incharge of the jurisdictional Magistrate Court. As and when the absentee is located, the absentee shall be produced before the jurisdictional Magistrate and let law take its course. Though obvious, we make it clear that all the rights and contentions of all the parties are left open and preserved in other proceedings, if any, in any other Court/Courts/Forum/Fora.
7. Captioned HCP is disposed of as closed albeit with the aforementioned observation.
The main legal point established is that the court will not issue a writ of habeas corpus if the missing person is found to have voluntarily left and not illegally detained.
The main legal point established is that the absence of illegal detention or custody is crucial in determining the applicability of a Habeas Corpus Petition.
The legal principle established is that the court will consider the age and marital status of the individual in habeas corpus cases to determine the presence of illegal detention or unlawful custody.
Preservation of rights of all concerned parties in a missing person case
The main legal point established in the judgment is the court's authority to dispose of a Habeas Corpus Petition after the subject of the petition is located and brought before the court, and adequat....
A habeas corpus petition can only be entertained if there is a prima facie case of illegal detention or a strong and reliable suspicion of such illegal detention.
A habeas corpus legal drill will not be embarked upon in cases where there is no illegal detention or illegal custody.
The autonomy of a major individual to decide their own course of action, irrespective of the validity of their marriage, is a fundamental principle upheld by the court.
Adult daughter's autonomy in consensual relationship and independent living upheld in habeas corpus petition.
The court's decision was based on the principle that in cases of habeas corpus, the determination of illegal detention or custody is crucial, and in this case, the missing daughter's marriage and wil....
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