IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADRAS, (MADURAI BENCH)
N. SATHISH KUMAR, J.
Balaraj (Died) and Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Syed Masood Rowther (Died) and Ors. - Respondents
A.S.No.78 of 2004
Decided On : 18-04-2023
specific performance - property dispute - [specific performance] - [Section 13 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963] - The court granted specific performance in favor of the plaintiff and decreed the suit. The defendants 2 and 3 filed the present appeal challenging the same. The court held that the agreement dated 04.04.1996 was valid and enforceable, and the plaintiff was ready and willing to perform the contract. The court also found that the defendants 2 and 3 were not bona fide purchasers for value without notice. The court further held that the doctrine of lis pendens applied, and the subsequent sale deed executed in favor of the defendants 2 and 3 was hit by the doctrine of lis pendens. The court directed all the defendants to execute the sale deed to the plaintiff within a specified period, failing which the trial court would execute the decree.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff and the first defendant, who are brothers, entered into an agreement for the sale of a property. The first defendant agreed to sell the property to the plaintiff for a total sale consideration of Rs.6 lakhs. The plaintiff made several payments to the first defendant and the Spices Board to clear the dues and obtain reconveyance of the property. The first defendant later evaded executing the sale deed in favor of the plaintiff and instead executed a sale deed in favor of the defendants 2 and 3. The plaintiff filed a suit for specific performance to enforce the contract.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the agreement dated 04.04.1996 was valid and enforceable, and the plaintiff was ready and willing to perform the contract. The court also found that the defendants 2 and 3 were not bona fide purchasers for value without notice. The court further held that the doctrine of lis pendens applied, and the subsequent sale deed executed in favor of the defendants 2 and 3 was hit by the doctrine of lis pendens. The court directed all the defendants to execute the sale deed to the plaintiff within a specified period, failing which the trial court would execute the decree.
Issues: The issues framed by the trial court included the validity of the agreements, the entitlement of the plaintiff to specific performance, the status of the defendants 2 and 3 as bona fide purchasers, and the relief to which the plaintiff was entitled.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the agreement dated 04.04.1996 was valid and enforceable, and the plaintiff was ready and willing to perform the contract. The court also found that the defendants 2 and 3 were not bona fide purchasers for value without notice. The court further held that the doctrine of lis pendens applied, and the subsequent sale deed executed in favor of the defendants 2 and 3 was hit by the doctrine of lis pendens. The court directed all the defendants to execute the sale deed to the plaintiff within a specified period, failing which the trial court would execute the decree.
Final Decision: The appeal suit was dismissed, and the decree and judgment passed by the trial court were set aside. The judgment and decree were modified to direct all the defendants to execute the sale deed to the plaintiff within a specified period, failing which the trial court would execute the decree.
JUDGMENT :
(Prayer : Appeal Suit is filed under Section 96 of C.P.C. against the judgment and decree dated 15.10.2003 made in O.S.No.244 of 1997 on the file of the Subordinate Court, Srivilliputtur.)
Challenging the decree and judgment passed by the learned Subordinate Judge, Srivilliputtur, in O.S.No.244 of 1997, dated 15.10.2003, decreeing the suit for specific performance, the present appeal came to be filed by the appellants.
2. For the sake of convenience, the parties are referred to herein, as per their own ranking before the Trial Court.
3. The brief facts of the plaintiff's case are as follows:-
3.1. The plaintiff and the first defendant are brothers. They have owned the property adjacently. The first defendant agreed to sell the suit property to the plaintiff for a total sale consideration of Rs.6 lakhs. The agreement was finalized in the presence of Mediators one N.P.Sahulammed and M.S.Abdulkhadar. Accordingly, the agreement dated 04.04.1996 was reduced in writing. On the date of said agreement, a sum of Rs.2,000/- was paid as advance amount. On the date of the sale agreement, the title of the suit schedule property was not with the first defendant, but with the possession of Spices Board of Cochin. Therefore, it was agreed between the parties that the first defendant ought to have obtained reconveyance of the title from the Spices Board and thereafter, a registered sale deed shall be executed in favour of the plaintiff. The plaintiff from the date of sale agreement, has paid the amount to the tune of Rs.6,83,985/- on various dates till 13.03.1997 to the first defendant and Spices Board, at the instructions of the first defendant.
3.2. The property originally was brought for public auction. The Spices Board has purchased the property and they have also agreed to reconvey the schedule mentioned property on payment to the first defendant. Hence, it is the contention of the plaintiff that to clear the amount to the Spices Board and for reconveyance, the first defendant has requested the plaintiff to tender payment on his behalf to the Spices Board. Accordingly, the plaintiff has remitted the amount to the Spices Board on several dates by way of demand draft drawn in Bank of Baroda, Rajapalayam Branch in favour of the Secretary of the Spices Board. The plaintiff, has in fact, paid a sum of Rs.6,83,985/-.
3.3. On 03.01.1997, the Spices Board has written a letter to the first defendant requesting to pay the balance amount of Rs.1 lakh for reconveyance of the schedule mentioned property. At the request of the first defendant, the plaintiff has remitted the said amount on behalf of the first defendant vide Bank of Baroda, Rajapalayam Branch, by way of demand draft, dated 22.01.1997. The first defendant has also handed over the physical possession of the said property to the plaintiff on 22.10.1996. The plaintiff has been in continuous possession and enjoyment of the suit property on and from 22.01.1996. As the Spices Board agreed to reconvey the property after clearing the amount, the plaintiff has approached the first defendant through his relatives and Panchayadars on and from 01.05.1997, on several occasions, informing about his readiness and willingness to perform his part of contract and also requested the first defendant to complete the sale on getting reconveyance from the Spices Board. However, the first defendant has replied stating that he was unwell and not in a position to attend the Jamath meeting.
3.4. On 14.06.1997, one of the Mediators viz., Abdul Khadar, Tenkasi has sent a letter to Rajapalayam Jamath President. In the said letter, he has categorically admitted the execution of sale agreement dated 04.04.1996 and advance amount of Rs.2,000/- paid on the day and subsequently received a sum of Rs.4,000/- from the plaintiff and paid the same to the first defendant. On 12.05.1997 and 16.06.1997, the Jamath Committee has also passed a resolution, directing the plaintiff to take appropriate legal action through the compe
M.Jayaprakash Narayanan Vs. Santhammal reported in 2018 (1) CTC 701
Sak Apparels Vs. Madras Management Association and others reported in 2018 (2) CTC 407
P.Ramasubbamma Vs. V.Vijayalakshmi reported in AIR 2022 SC 1793
Arunachala Thevar And Ors. vs Govindarajan Chettiar And Ors. reported in 1977 (2) MLJ 431
B.Nemi Chand Jain and others vs G.Ravindran and others reported in 2010 (2) CTC 751.
Sak Apparels Vs. Madras Management Association reported in 2018 (2) CTC 407
Lala Durga Prasad and Anr. Vs.Lala Deep Chand and Ors. reported in 1954 SCR 360; AIR 1954 SC 75
R.C.Chandiok and Anr Vs. Chuni Lal Sabharwal and Ors.
Dwarka Prasad Singh and Ors Vs. Harikant Prasad Singh and Ors.
Rathanvathi and Anr V. Kavitha Ganashamdas reported in (2015) 5 SCC 223: AIR 2015 SC (Civ) 1
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the agreement dated 04.04.1996 was valid and enforceable, and the plaintiff was ready and willing to perform the contract. The court also foun....
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Absence of the buyer's signature invalidates a sale agreement, requiring proof of the parties' intentions; the suit for specific performance is timely if filed within limitation after notice of refus....
When a defendant alleges coercion regarding the execution of a document, the burden is on them to lead evidence. A failure to enter the witness box to cross-examination results in an adverse presumpt....
The plaintiff must prove the validity of the sale agreement and his readiness and willingness to perform the contract in a specific performance case.
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Point of law: Absence of any material, that the plaintiff had exercised undue influence in obtaining the sale agreement from the defendant at the time of the alleged loan transaction.
Comparison of signatures by Court is always a hazardous course. Court should not as a matter of course loosely resort to application of Section 73 of Indian Evidence Act.
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