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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
N. SATHISH KUMAR, J
K.Vasantha – Appellant
Versus
K.Vatsala [since deceased] – Respondent
JUDGMENT :
Challenge has been made against the preliminary decree passed by the trial Court allotting 1/10th share to the plaintiffs 2 to 8 separately and 9 to 12 jointly in the suit properties and decreeing the suit for permanent injunction, in the present appeal by the defendants 6 and 7, who are purchasers of the property from the defendants 2 to 4.
2. The parties are arrayed as per their own ranking before the trial Court.
3. The plaintiffs and the first defendant are sisters. The second defendant is the wife of Selvaraj, brother of the plaintiffs and the first defendant. The defendants 3 and 4 are daughter and son of the second defendant. The father of the plaintiffs and the first defendant Ramanjulu Naidu purchased the first item of the suit property under a registered sale deed dated 27.12.1945. Thereafter, he and his wife have purchased following agricultural lands :
| Sl. No. | Particulars of sale deed | Name of the purchaser | Extent of property |
| 1. | Sale Deed No.2744/1963 dt.20.06.1963 | Ramanjulu Naidu | 4 Acres 33 cents |
| 2. | Sale Deed No.2129/1963 dt.10.06.1963 | Ramanjulu Naidu | 1 Acre 84.5 cents |
| 3. | Sale Deed No.1946/1956 dt.17.06.1956 | Ramanjulu Naidu | 2 Acres |
| 4. | Sale Deed No.210/1956 dt.31.03.1956 | Ramanjulu | |
A will must be probated to convey title; without probate, a settlement deed executed based on an unproven will is ineffective.
A settlement deed executed without authority by a deceased father, having only limited rights over property, is null and void, confirming equal shares for all heirs under the Hindu Succession Act.
An irrevocable settlement deed supersedes a Will, and the validity of a Will is contingent on its execution and absence of a prior effective settlement.
The settlement deed dated 04.04.1941 was not acted upon, confirming entitlement to a share in the property.
Ancestral property entitlement under Hindu Succession Act limits the plaintiff's share to 1/8, not 3/8, affirming the rights of coparceners post-amendment.
In property disputes, properties obtained through partition are considered self-acquired, affirming the right of absolute ownership and the validity of subsequent transfers unless proven otherwise.
The intent of the testatrix in a Will overrides applicable succession laws, affirming immediate vesting of property despite delayed possession, allowing Class II heirs rights to inheritance.
A daughter is a coparcener by birth under Hindu law, gaining equal property rights regardless of her father's status, establishing a foundation for equal partition claims.
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