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2025 Supreme(Mad) 4260

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
SATHI KUMAR SUKUMARA KURUP, J.
D. Pappathy - Appellant
Versus
D. Arumugam - Respondent
Second Appeal No. 1078 of 2013, M.P. No. 1 of 2015
Decided On : 09-01-2025


Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellants : M. Muthappan, A.G. Rajan
For the Respondents: A.E. Ravichandran, C. Usha

A registered Will has presumptive validity unless evidence demonstrates its invalidity, and execution shortly before death does not necessarily indicate suspicious circumstances.

Headnote:(A) Indian Succession Act, 1925 - Section 63(a) - Partition suit - Validity of a Will executed prior to testator's death - The Appellate Court found that the Will was genuine, rejecting the claim for partition by the Plaintiff who alleged exclusion from inheritance - Evidence considered included testimony of attesting witnesses and registration procedures of the Will - The trial court deemed the Will invalid due to execution on deathbed, leading to appeal. (Paras 26-36)

(B) Legal principles - A registered Will is presumed genuine unless proven otherwise, and the execution must be free from suspicious circumstances. (Paras 26, 28)

Facts of the case:
Plaintiff sought partition of property inherited from deceased father, claiming exclusion by alleged Will that favored male heirs, unsupported by a reply to defendant’s assertions in written statements. (Paras 3, 25)

Findings of Court:
Appellate Court upheld the Will's genuineness, supported by testimonies and registration, and dismissed the suit for partition. (Paras 36-37)

Issues: Whether the Will executed on the day of death was genuine and if it satisfies legal standards under the Indian Succession Act. (Paras 22-24)

Ratio Decidendi: The execution of a Will shortly before death does not invalidate it if attested and registered properly and if genuine intent of the testator is shown, without suspicious circumstances. (Paras 26-31)

Result: Second appeal dismissed, upholding the Appellate Court's decree recognizing the Will as valid and relevant to inheritance.

Table of Content
1. factual background of the partition suit. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments regarding the execution and validity of the will. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 10)
3. court's observations on evidence and will's execution. (Para 8 , 9 , 12 , 28)
4. arguments regarding procedural points and legal precedents. (Para 11 , 19 , 20)
5. main issues addressed in the second appeal. (Para 21 , 23 , 27 , 29)
6. legal standards regarding will execution. (Para 30 , 31 , 32)
7. court's reaffirmation of will's validity and its implications. (Para 33 , 34 , 35)
8. final decision and dismissal of the second appeal. (Para 36 , 37)

JUDGMENT :

1. The present Second Appeal arises out of the judgment and decree dated 22.02.2013 passed in A.S. No. 17 of 2012 on the file of the learned Principal District Judge, Coimbatore reversing the judgment and decree dated 29.09.2011 made in O.S. No. 212 of 1993 on the file of the learned I Additional Subordinate Judge, Coimbatore.

2. The Plaintiff in O.S. No. 212 of 1993 is the Appellant in this Appeal. She has filed the suit as against the Defendants 1 to 13 for a partition to divide the plaint described property into 6 equal shares with reference to good and bad soil, allot one such share to her, to appoint an Advocate Commissioner to divide the suit properties and to allot the legitimate share to her, to direct the Defendants to pay the future mense profits till the date of allotment and for costs.

3. It is stated in the plaint that the Plaintiff, Defendants 1, 2, 3, 8 and late. Chinnasamy are the children born to late. Dasa Gounder. In other words, the deceased Dasa Gounder had 4 sons and 2 daughters. The Defendants 4, 5, 6 and 7 are the legal heirs of the deceased Chinnasamy, brother of the Plaintiff. On 29.11.1998, the said Dasa Gounder died leaving behind the Plaintiff and Defendants 1 to 8 as his legal heirs. It is stated that the A Schedule described property of the plaint was purchased through a registered sale deed dated 26.11.1945 by the deceased Dasa Gounder. Subsequently, the deceased Dasa Gounder purchased B Schedule property of the plaint through a registered sale deed dated 17.12.1957 in his name. On 22.06.1976, through a registered sale deed, the father of the Plaintiff and Defendants 4, 5, 6, and 7 had purchased the C Schedule property. Thus, the properties described as A, B and C in the schedule of the plaint was the self-acquired property of her father. Therefore, after the death of her father on 29.11.1988, the Plaintiff approached the Defendants directly and through Panchayatars for amicable partition of the properties described under Schedule as A, B and C but it was refused by the Defendants. On the other hand, the Defendants attempted to alienate the properties and therefore, the Plaintiff sent a notice dated 09.04.1992 to the Defendants 1 and 8 calling upon them to divide and allot 1/6 share in the plaint described properties. Though the Defendants 1 and 8 received the notice, they did not give any reply and therefore, the Plaintiff has filed the suit.

4. During the pendency of the suit, the second Defendant died and therefore, his legal heirs were brought on record as Defendants 9 to 13.

5. On notice, the third Defendant filed a written statement contending that the deceased Dasa Gounder purchased the A, B and C Schedule properties out of the income earned by the third Defendant as an Ex- Serviceman in Indian Army. According to the third Defendant, he sent a major portion of his salary to his father and out of the same, he purchased the properties described in the Schedule hereunder. His father has no independent source of income and in fact, he finds it extremely difficult to nurture his six children. On the other hand, after marriage, the Plaintiff had took with her the gold ornaments of her mother. The Plaintiff has, therefore no right to claim a share in the plaint described properties and prayed for dismissal of the suit.

6. Later, an additional written statement was filed by the third Defe

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