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2025 Supreme(Mad) 4755

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
SATHI KUMAR SUKUMARA KURUP, J.
M/s. Sri Manakula Vinayagar Educational Trust, Rep. by its Secretary M. Dhanasekaran, S/o. Mahalingam - Appellant 
Versus 
Chinnadurai @ Janarthanan – Respondent
Second Appeal No.1090 of 2013 and M.P. Nos. 1 and 2 of 2013
Decided On : 03-06-2025


Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. K. Hariharan.
For the Respondent: Mr. R. Natarajan.

Property disputes necessitate substantive evidence from both parties, and failure to present evidence may result in adverse inferences against the non-compliant party.

Headnote:(A) Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Order VIII, Rule 1A - Land Ownership Dispute - Plaintiff sought declaration of title over 'C' schedule property claiming inheritance from grandfather, while Defendant asserted ownership through a sale deed and denied existence of 'C' schedule property post-sale of 'B' schedule property. Courts upheld Plaintiff's title based on evidence presented. (Paras 5, 10, 24, 26)

(B) Evidence - Adverse Inference - Defendant did not present evidence or enter witness box, leading to adverse inference drawn by courts regarding ownership claims. (Paras 20, 26)

Facts of the case:
Plaintiff claimed ownership of property following inheritance from grandfather and a partition deed, while Defendant asserted prior purchase of property and denied the existence of the 'C' schedule property, claiming encroachment and asserting superior title.

Findings of Court:
Trial and Appellate courts upheld Plaintiff's claim, finding no sufficient evidence from Defendant and confirmed the existence and title of 'C' schedule property in favor of Plaintiff.

Issues: The main issues included whether the Defendant's claims of ownership could be substantiated given their lack of evidence and whether the 'C' schedule property existed post-sale of 'B' schedule property.

Ratio Decidendi: Courts emphasized the necessity of evidence from the Defendant to substantiate claims, drawing adverse conclusions from their failure to present any evidence or testimony.

Result: Second Appeal dismissed, maintaining the lower courts' judgment in favor of Plaintiff.

Table of Content
1. substantial questions of law framed. (Para 4 , 6)
2. arguments against plaintiff's claims. (Para 5 , 8 , 10)
3. legal principles concerning evidence admission. (Para 14 , 15)
4. need for trial court evidence review. (Para 20 , 22)
5. judgment affirmed against the defendant. (Para 26 , 27)

JUDGMENT :

(SATHI KUMAR SUKUMARA KURUP, J.)

This Second Appeal had been filed to set aside the decree and judgment dated 28.01.2013 passed in A.S. No. 3 of 2009 by the learned Principal Sub Judge, Pondicherry, confirming the decree and judgment dated 06.09.2006 passed in O.S. No. 770 of 2004, by the learned II Additional District Munsif, Pondicherry.

2. The Appellant in this Second Appeal is the Defendant before the learned II Additional District Munsif, Pondicherry in O.S. No. 770 of 2004. The Respondent/Plaintiff filed the said suit in O.S. No .770 of 2004 praying to grant the relief of declaration to declare that he is the owner of the 'C' Schedule mentioned property in the plaint and for a consequential permanent injunction in respect of the “C” schedule property restraining the Defendants, their men, servants, agents or anyone from in any manner interfering with the same.

3. The brief facts, which are necessary for the disposal of this Second Appeal, are as follows:

3.1. According to the Plaintiff, Plaint 'A' Schedule property belonged to his Grandfather Murugappa Gounder, who acquired the suit “A” Schedule Property through a registered Deed of Partition dated 27.08.1943. In the deed of partition dated 27.08.1943, the “A” Schedule Property is indicated as item No.13. From the said date, the Plaintiff's grandfather had been in possession and enjoyment of the said property by cultivating it. On the death of Murugappa Gounder, his son Chinnathambi Gounder inherited all the properties, including the plaint 'A' Schedule property. During his life time, Chinnathambi Gounder partitioned the properties along with his three sons namely (1) Chinna Durai @ Janarthanam (Plaintiff) (2) Rajamanickam and Paneerselvam which was registered on 12.11.1976 on the file of Sub-Registrar, Thirukkanur. The “A” Schedule property in the plaint was allotted to the Plaintiff in the partition deed dated 12.11.1976. After such partition, the Plaintiff has been in possession and enjoyment of the property as an absolute owner thereof by mutating the revenue records.

3.2. According to the Plaintiff, the Defendant through their Secretary purchased land measuring 87 Kuzhis, 13 Veesams in the “A” schedule property out of the total extent of 100 Kuzhis through a registered sale deed dated 18.11.2002. The land so purchased by the Defendant is shown as “B” schedule property in the plaint. The remaining properties, after sale to the Defendant remain with the Plaintiff viz., 12 Kuzhis 3 Veesams and it is mentioned as “C” Schedule of the Plaint.

3.3. While so, on 25.09.2004, the Defendant through the brother-in- law of their Secretary viz., Sugumaran made a rival claim over the suit “C” schedule mentioned property and attempted to interfere with the possession of the same by the Plaintiff but it was thwarted. Again on 27.09.2004, the Secretary of the Defendant sent his brother-in-law along with some rowdy elements who forcibly entered into the “C” schedule property under some fictitious sale deed. The Plaintiff therefore given a complaint to the Station House Officer, Thirukkanur. On an enquiry conducted by the Police Officials, the Defendants were warned not to interfere with the possession of the Plaintiff again. However, on 09.10.2004, once again, the Defendant through its Secretary, men and officers threatened the Plaintiff along with their henchmen to dispossess the Plaintiff. The Plaintiff therefore given a complaint on 09.10.2004 to the Station House Officer, who advised him to approach the Civil Court for appropriate relief. Accordingly, the Plaintiff had filed the suit.

3.4. On notice, the Defendant filed a written statement contending inter alia that it is true th

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