IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
Karamjit Singh, J.
Asha Rani Malhotra & Ors. - Petitioners - Appellant
Versus
Suresh Kumar Malhotra & Ors. - Respondents - Respondent
Civil Revision No. 6537 of 2023(O&M)
Decided On : 03-11-2023
Additional Evidence - Civil Procedure Code - The court has inherent power under Section 151 CPC to allow any party to adduce evidence even at a later stage if it is required for the just decision of the case. The interest of justice would be served by granting further opportunity to the petitioners to complete their evidence.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioners sought setting aside of an order that closed their evidence, claiming they were not given effective opportunities to produce additional evidence as previously allowed by the court.
Finding of the Court:
The court set aside the impugned order and granted the petitioners two opportunities to lead additional evidence, subject to costs, emphasizing the inherent power of the court under Section 151 CPC to advance justice.
Issues: The main issue was whether the petitioners were given effective opportunities to produce additional evidence as previously allowed by the court.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the inherent power under Section 151 CPC to allow parties to adduce evidence even at a later stage if necessary for the just decision of the case, and considered the interest of justice in granting further opportunity to the petitioners.
Final Decision: The impugned order was set aside, and two opportunities were granted to the petitioners to lead additional evidence, subject to costs, which was to be paid to the other side on the next date of hearing.
KARAMJIT SINGH, J.
1. The present petition has been filed by the petitioners/ defendants seeking setting aside of order dated 18.10.2023 (Annexure P-7) passed by the Court of Civil Judge (Jr.Divn.), Jalandhar whereby the evidence of the petitioners has been closed by order.
2. The counsel for the petitioners while assailing the impugned order, inter alia, contends that earlier the petitioners filed an application for permission to lead additional evidence and the said application was allowed and learned trial Court granted two opportunities to the petitioners to produce additional evidence subject to costs of Rs.4000/- vide order dated 14.09.2023 and the case was fixed for 27.09.2023 for that purpose only. That on 27.09.2023 the Local Bar Association observed ‘No work day’ and as such the case was adjourned to 18.10.2023 for the purpose of additional evidence of the petitioner. It is further contended that due to unavoidable circumstances on 18.10.2023 the petitioners were unable to produce the additional evidence and consequently the trial Court passed impugned order (Annexure P-7). It is further submitted that the impugned order was passed in haste without affording two effective opportunities to the petitioners to lead their evidence in the light of earlier order dated 14.09.2023. The counsel for the petitioners further submits that in the given circumstances the impugned order deserves to be set aside and prayer is made that two effective opportunities be granted to the petitioners to conclude their additional evidence.
3. I have considered the submissions made by counsel for the petitioners.
4. Admittedly, vide order dated 14.09.2023 two opportunities were granted to the petitioners by the learned trial Court to lead additional evidence subject to costs. From the perusal of the documents available on the record it appears that before passing the impugned order two effective opportunities were not granted to the petitioners by the learned trial Court to conclude their additional evidence, as on the first date i.e. 27.09.2023 no evidence was recorded as the advocates were on strike. No doubt the provision of Order 18 Rule 17-A CPC was deleted w.e.f. 01.07.2002, with the purpose to expedite trial of the case. However, even after the deletion of said statutory provision, there is inherent power with the Court under Section 151 CPC to allow any party to adduce evidence even at a later stage, if it is required for the just decision of the case. The Hon’ble Supreme Court in Salem Advocate Bar Association, Tamil Nadu, Vs. Union of India 2005(6) SCC 344 has held that inspite deletion of provision of Order 18 Rule 17-A CPC, the Court has always inherent powers to exercise jurisdiction for advancement of justice in terms of provisions under Section 151 CPC. From the perusal of the earlier order dated 14.09.2023 passed by the trial Court, it appears that the evidence which the petitioner intends to produce by way of additional evidence is necessary for the just decision of the case. Keeping all the facts and circumstances of the case in view and even accepting that the petitioners were negligent in their conduct, closing their evidence will be the extreme penalty. The interest of justice would also be served if further opportunity is given to the petitioners to complete their evidence.
5. Accordingly, the impugned order is set aside and two opportunities are granted to the petitioners to lead additional evidence subject to costs of Rs.5000/- which is to be paid to the other side on the next date of hearing. The revision petition stands disposed of in aforesaid terms.
6. Keeping in view the nature of order being passed, no notice is required to be issued to the respondents. However, if they feel dis-satisfied with this order, they may move an application to recall the same.
Order accordingly.
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The court emphasized that additional evidence may only be permitted under exceptional circumstances, not as a routine, and evaluated the impact of delay on justice delivery.
Judicial discretion must balance the need for expeditious trial with fairness to parties, allowing limited opportunities for evidence while preventing indefinite delays.
The court reaffirmed the principle that parties must diligently prosecute their cases and that undue adjournments harm the justice system.
Courts may close plaintiff's evidence after multiple (more than three) wasted opportunities in old suits; delays often due to parties' conduct, not judicial inaction; no interference warranted.
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