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2023 Supreme(P&H) 3020

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
VINOD S. BHARDWAJ, J.
Meera & Ors. – Petitioners
Versus
SDO/XEN Dhbvn Ltd. & Ors. – Respondents
CWP NO. 15331 of 2015
Decided On : 22-03-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Gopal Sharma, Advocate; For the Petitioners
Mr. R.S. Longia, Advocate for the respondents for for Respondents No.1 to 3.

Headnote:(A) Indian Electricity Act, 2003 - Sections 53 and 161 - Legal Services Authority Act, 1987 - Section 22-C - Claim for compensation due to electrocution death - Permanent Lok Adalat awarded Rs.75,000/-; insufficient according to petitioners - Court concluded respondent-Distribution Licensee liable under strict liability - Compensation computed, considering salary of deceased, dependency and future prospects amounting to Rs.19,60,000/-.(Paras 4-26)

(B) Strict liability doctrine - Obligation of respondent to ensure safety measures in electricity transmission - Failure to act on unauthorized construction representing negligence, despite defenses raised about compliance with 1970s norms. (Paras 20-22)

(C) Negligence assessment - Burden of proof on respondent to show all safety measures were in place; implication of negligence leads to liability. (Paras 12, 14)

(D) Compensation determination based on principles of Motor Vehicles Act - Applicable for fatal electrocution cases leading to quantification increase to Rs.19,60,000/- with interest. (Para 25)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners challenge the Permanent Lok Adalat's award claiming insufficient compensation for the electrocution death of Satish Kumar, who was employed at P.S. Logistics and died after coming in contact with a dangerously sagging electric transmission line.

Findings of Court:
The Court found the award to be inadequate and revised the compensation to Rs.19,60,000/-, applying principles of strict liability and existing legal precedents for determining compensation.

Issues: The main issues revolved around the adequacy of compensation awarded concerning the liability of the Distribution Licensee and the application of strict liability in electrocution cases.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that strict liability principles apply to ensure respondent's accountability for their negligent actions related to safety standards in electricity supply; the need for adequate compensation was underscored.

Result: Petition allowed; compensation enhanced to Rs.19,60,000/- with interest.

JUDGMENT

Mr. Vinod S. Bhardwaj, J. (Oral)

The present petition challenges the Award dated 30.05.2014 passed by Permanent Lok Adalat (Public Utility Services), Rewari in case No.450 dated 30.09.2013 to the extent whereby inadequate compensation has been awarded on account of electrocution death of Satish Kumar - husband of petitioner No.1 and father of remaining petitioners.

2. Briefly summarized, the facts of the case are that Satish Kumar - since deceased, who was husband of petitioner No.1 and father of petitioners No.2 to 4, was employed with P.S. Logistics on a monthly salary of Rs.10,000/-. On the date of incident i.e. 21.07.2013, he had visited the shop of Dr. Ashok at Bus Stand Chilhad, Tehsil and District Rewari. An electric transmission line was passing by at a height of 3-4 feet from the roof of the shop and was dangerously sagging. The deceased Satish Kumar was accidently electrocuted on account of coming in contact with the aforesaid electric transmission line. He sustained fatal injuries and was referred to Birendera Hospital Rewari, wherefrom he was referred to H-way Hospital, Rewari and then to Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, where he died on 22.07.2013. The petitioners claimed compensation from the respondents on the principle of strict liability for untimely and unnatural death of Satish Kumar. As no response was received, an application under Section 22 -C of the Legal Services Authority Act, 1987 was instituted by the petitioners before the Permanent Lok Adalat (Public Utility Services), Rewari.

3. Upon notice, the respondents entered appearance and took various objections including that the deceased was not the consumer of the Nigam and that there is no house/plot of the deceased at the spot. Further, as the incident in question took place near the hospital of Dr. Ashok, thus, there is no liability of the respondent-Distribution Licensee and Dr. Ashok should be held responsible. It is averred that the alleged supply line was commissioned during the later 1970s and the height of the said line was in accordance with the then applicable rules and instructions of the Department. The construction in question had been raised by Dr. Ashok Kumar beneath the 11 KV feeder line in violation of law. The height of the tin-shed was also raised by about 5 feet resulting in the reduction of gap between the tin-shed and the HT line. Since the deceased was exposed to the aforesaid danger on account of an illegal act of Dr. Ashok Kumar, he alone is responsible for the incident and any liability on account thereof. It was also stated that the deceased was engaged by Dr. Ashok Kumar in removing/replacing the roof stores and has thus contributed by his own negligence in the occurrence of incident.

4. The proceedings commenced before the Permanent Lok Adalat (Public Utility Services), Rewari and upon consideration of the evidence led by the respective parties, the Permanent Lok Adalat recorded the following finding:

    "4. It is correct that according to the aforementioned statement given by Rakesh Kumar S/o Sh. Thanwar Singh (Ex. A13), there was no fault on the part of anyone. A perusal of the document Ex.A11 shows that the high tension line of 11 K.V. was passing over the house of Sh. Ashok Kumar and he has moved an application on 13.12.2011 to the concerned authority for removing the same. In the light of all the facts, the statement of Sh. Rakesh Kumar to the effect that there was no fault on line part of anyone was of no help to absolve the respondents regarding the liability of death of Satish Kumar (deceased). A perusal of the bill Ex. A2 shows that Rs.1380/- were paid by the applicant for the treatment of Satish Kumar (deceased). A perusal of the document Ex. Al shows that Rs.8500 were paid for the treatment of Satish Kumar (Deceased) to Birendera Hospital, Rewari. A perusal of the document Ex. A6 shows that Rs.35,300/- were paid by the applicant towards anesthesia and critical case. Apart from it Rs.8233/- and Rs.650/- were paid

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