JUDGMENT :

J.J. Munir, J.

This judgment will dispose of Writ-A Nos. 10560 of 2020, 2190 of 2020 and 21463 of 2019, as these involve common questions of fact and law. Writ-A No. 10560 of 2020 shall be treated as the leading case, where pleadings have been exchanged and arguments addressed; of course, with reference to the other two petitions as well. This Court proposes to notice facts from the leading case.

2. The petitioners are assistant teachers and headmasters, either working or retired, who have been appointed to Primary Schools in accordance with the Uttar Pradesh Recognised Basic Schools (Recruitment and Conditions of Service of Teachers and other Conditions) Rules, 1975 (for short, 'the Rules of 1975') as well as other Government Orders issued from time to time. These institutions are established and managed by Societies registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 through a Committee of Management. All the schools, where the petitioners were appointed, are duly recognized under the Uttar Pradesh Basic Education Act, 1972 (for short, 'the Act of 1972'). They are in receipt of grant-in-aid from the State Government, but with the difference that unlike some other primar