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2023 Supreme(All) 2604

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
SAURABH SHYAM SHAMSHERY, J.
Ram Lal - Petitioner
Versus
D.D.C.And Others - Respondents
WRIT - B NO. - 1701 OF 1974.
Decided On : 13-10-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner: P.P. Chaudhary, Achal Singh, Sanjai Kumar Pandey
For the Respondent: S.D. Pathak, Dinesh Pathak, Jokhan Prasad, Mahendra Prasad, Mahendra Pratap, P.K. Chaudhary, P.K. Chaudhary, Rakesh Pathak, S.C.

The court reaffirmed that mere revenue entries do not suffice to establish adverse possession, which requires demonstrable continuity, publicity, and intent to possess as owner, thus justifying the interference of the Revisional Authority.

Headnote:(A) Uttar Pradesh Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950 - Section 229-B - Ownership dispute - Court examines whether the Revisional Authority appropriately intervened in concurrent findings about land ownership based on revenue records and adverse possession. (Paras 1, 3, 4, 21)

(B) Adverse possession - Criteria of continuity, publicity, and animus possidendi must exist; mere revenue entries insufficient for establishing ownership or adverse possession. (Paras 18, 19)

(C) Jurisdiction of appellate bodies - Jurisdiction limited if original authorities acted legally; mere disagreement is insufficient ground for appeal interference. (Paras 22, 24)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner claimed ownership of land based on long-standing possession and relevant records. Respondents claimed through a sale document but were found not to have perfected any right due to lack of possession.

Findings of Court:
The Court concluded that lower authorities erred in assessing revenue entries and provisions related to adverse possession were not appropriately applied.

Issues: Whether the Revisional Authority justifiably interfered with the previous concurrent findings regarding ownership of land and adverse possession?

Ratio Decidendi: The Court ruled that established legal standards for ownership and adverse possession were not met in this case, affirming the authority of the Revisional Authority to correct substantial errors made by lower authorities.

Result: Writ petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. dispute about land ownership and prior proceedings. (Para 2 , 3)
2. claims of possession based on revenue records. (Para 4 , 5)
3. findings of the consolidation officer favoring original petitioner. (Para 6 , 8)
4. revisional authority's intervention and its justifications. (Para 9 , 10)
5. petitioner's reliance on previous findings. (Para 11 , 12)
6. respondents' arguments against previous authorities. (Para 13 , 14)
7. court's considerations on jurisdiction and evidence. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)
8. importance of form p.a.10 in possession claims. (Para 18 , 19 , 20)
9. threshold for revisional authority's jurisdiction. (Para 21 , 22 , 23)
10. criteria for concurrent findings disruption. (Para 24 , 25)
11. conclusion dismissing the writ petition. (Para 27 , 28)

JUDGMENT

Saurabh Shyam Shamshery, J.

Heard Sri Sanjai Kumar Pandey, learned counsel for the petitioner and Sri Rakesh Pathak, learned counsel for respondents.

2. In present case, initially dispute was in respect of two parcel of land i.e. Gata No.361/1 area 0-2-10 and Gata No.399/1 area 0-14-10 situated in Village Nahri Tappa, now District- Siddharth Nagar, however, the petitioner has not pressed his claim in respect of Gata No.361/1-9-2-10 and, therefore, dispute remains only in respect of Gata No.399/1, 0-14-10.

3. Earlier there were proceedings between parties under Section 229-B of Uttar Pradesh Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950 (hereinafter called the "Act of 1950"). Suit was decreed in favour of petitioner. However, during appeal thereof, since consolidation proceedings commenced, in village concerned, therefore, appeal was abated. During consolidation proceedings, objections were filed by both parties under Section 9A (2) of Uttar Padesh Consolidation of Holdings Act, 1953 (hereinafter called the "Act of 1953").

4. The case set up by original petitioner was that his father was in possession of land in dispute and after his death, he continued in possession and for that revenue record of 1364- 69F and 1370-74F were referred.

5. Per contra, claim of original respondents was based on a registered Bainama dated 21.5.1963 executed by Smt. Mudai in favour of original respondents and that in pursuance of it, possession was handed over to original contesting respondents. The Consolidation Officer has framed following three issues:

    "1. Whether Sadal etc. are bhumidhar of Plot No.361/0-2- 10, 399/1/0-14-10 on the basis of registered sale deed.

    2. Whether Samber s/o Nagashar is sirdar in possession over plot No.361/0-3-10.

    3. Whether Ram Lal s/o Nirhu is sirdar in possession over plot No.399/1/0-14-10."?

6. The Consolidation Officer after hearing the parties and considering documents on record accepted the objections filed by original petitioner and rejected the objection filed by contesting respondents vide order dated 30.8.1971. Relevant finding thereof are mentioned hereinafter:

    "First I take the case of Ram Lal.

    Ram Lal has stated that he is in possession since long. Sadal says that he is in possession from the date of sale deed. Sadal has not stated that previous to sale deed Bhan Shanker etc. were in possession. It means that they were in possession of Ram Lal before execution of the sale deed. Several evidence is against Sadal etc. and in favour of Ram Lal as regards papers the name of the father of Ram Lal is recorded in remarks since 1364F. to 1369F. and from 1370F to 1374F. of Ram Lal. After his name is recorded in class IX under the orders of S.K. Brahm Shanker etc. never ejected to Ram Lal. So Ram Lal became sirdar when Ram Lal became sirdar then Brahm Shanker etc. were not bhumidhar and were not entitled to execute the sale deed."

(Emphasis Supplied)

7. Contesting original respondents have preferred an appeal before the Settlement Officer of Consolidation. However, same was dismissed by order dated 30.12.1971. Though copy thereof is not on record. However, a typed copy thereof was handed over by counsel for petitioner during hearing which has not

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