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2025 Supreme(All) 2270

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD 
Siddhartha Varma, Anish Kumar Gupta, JJ.
Rakesh Singh And Another - Appellant 
Vs.
State of U.P. - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 4854, 4607, 5209, 5734 of 2016 
Decided On : 11-04-2025 

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Ashok Kumar Tripathi,Govind Saran Hajela,Radhey Shyam Shukla,Rajesh Kumar, Anuj Bajpai,Ashok Kumar Tripathi,Govind Saran Hajela, Nidhi Tandon Duggal,Rishabh Singh,Shashank Singh
For the Respondent: Arvind Agrawal,Ashish Goyal,G.A.

The court affirmed the conviction of the appellants under sections 147, 148, 149/307, and 149/302 IPC, establishing that they formed an unlawful assembly with a common object to cause harm, leading to serious injuries and deaths.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 147, 148, 149/307, 149/302 - Criminal Appeal - Conviction of appellants under aforementioned sections for unlawful assembly and murder - Sentences of life imprisonment and fines imposed - Court finds sufficient evidence of common object and unlawful assembly leading to indiscriminate firing resulting in deaths and injuries. (Paras 2, 36)

(B) Delayed FIR - Court holds that delay of 6.5 hours in lodging FIR was adequately explained and did not affect the prosecution's case. (Paras 26)

(C) Common Object - Court reiterates that common object of an unlawful assembly can be formed at any time and holds that all accused acted with a common object to cause grievous harm. (Paras 28, 30)

Facts of the case:
The informant reported an incident of indiscriminate firing by multiple armed individuals resulting in serious injuries to several persons and deaths of two. FIR was registered following the incident. (Paras 3-12)

Findings of Court:
The court affirmed the trial court's conviction, finding no illegality in the judgment and holding that the prosecution proved the case beyond reasonable doubt. (Paras 36-38)

Issues: The main issues included the validity of the FIR delay and the existence of a common object among the accused during the incident. (Paras 26, 28)

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the assembly of the accused became unlawful when they engaged in indiscriminate firing, and their actions were consistent with a common object to cause harm. (Paras 30, 36)

Result: Appeals dismissed; sentences affirmed.

Table of Content
1. overview of the prosecution case and injuries sustained. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
2. defense arguments against the prosecution's case. (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
3. court's analysis on unlawful assembly and common object. (Para 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34)
4. prosecution evidence supports conviction. (Para 36)
5. conclusion affirming conviction and sentencing. (Para 37 , 38 , 39)

JUDGMENT :

Anish Kumar Gupta, J.

1. Heard Sri Ashok Kumar Tripathi and Sri Shashank Singh, learned counsel for the appellants, Sri Shubham Kumar holding brief of Sri Ashish Goyal, learned counsel for the informant and the learned A.G.A. for the State.

2. All these appeals have been filed by the appellants being aggrieved by the judgement and order dated 11.08.2016 passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Court No. 5, Shahjahanpur in Sessions Trial No. 548 of 1997 & Sessions Trial No. 222 of 1998, whereby all the appellants herein have been convicted for the offences under Sections 147, 148, 149/307 and 149/302 I.P.C. For the offence under Section 147 I.P.C. they were sentenced for two years of imprisonment with a fine of Rs. 5,000/- each, for the offence under Section 148 I.P.C., three years imprisonment with fine of Rs. 5,000/- each, for the offence under Sections 149/307 I.P.C., all the appellants were sentenced for life imprisonment with a fine of Rs. 25,000/- each and for the offence under Sections 149/302 I.P.C. all the appellants were sentenced for life imprisonment with a fine of Rs. 30,000/- each. In case of non payment of fine for the offence under Sections 147 and 148 I.P.C., they were directed to undergo six months’ additional imprisonment in addition to the sentence already awarded.

3. The brief facts of the prosecution case are that the informant- Narendra Pal Singh s/o Fakire Singh, had submitted a written report on 18.05.1997 at around 1:00 A.M. at P.S.- Nigohi, District- Shahjahanpur, stating therein that on 17.05.1997 at around 6:30 P.M., the accused Jangbahadur Singh, Rajkumar Singh, Devendra Singh who were equipped with guns, accused Jaipal Singh who was armed with a single barrel gun, Anil Kumar Singh who was armed with a double barrel gun, Vijay Kumar Singh who was armed with a countrymade pistol, Omprakash Singh, Nanku Singh, Rajkumar Singh, Rakesh Singh, Rajendra @ Gajendra Singh, Dangal Singh who were all armed with single barrel gun and Veer Singh was again having a gun, were drinking liquor and abusing each other while passing through the informant’s chaupal. When the informant and his family members objected to their behaviour, the aforesaid persons opened fire because of which Fakire Singh, Smt. Hira Kunwari Devi, Jhinak Singh, Nepal Singh, Rajkumar Singh, Prem Pal Singh sustained fire arm injuries. The informant- Nagendra Pal Singh had stated in the written report that he brought the injured persons in a tractor trolley to the police station and requested for lodging the report and taking appropriate legal action.

4. On the aforesaid written report submitted by the informant- Nagendra Pal Singh s/o deceased- Fakire Singh, an F.I.R. was registered under Sections 147, 148, 149, 307, 504 I.P.C. and also under Section 27 of the Arms Act against the accused appellants, namely Devendra Singh s/o Jangbahadur Singh, Omprakash Singh s/o Jagdish Singh, Rajendra @ Gajendra Singh s/o Kanhai Singh, Rakesh Singh s/o Rameshwar Singh, Rajkumar s/o Nanku Singh, Rajkumar s/o Jangbahadur Singh, Anil Kumar Singh s/o Jaipal Singh, Vijay Kumar Singh s/o Jagdish Singh, Nanku Singh s/o Mangoo Singh, Kanhai Singh s/o Pulander Singh, Dangal Singh s/o Visni Singh, Jaipal, Veer Singh and Jangbahadur s/o Zoravar Singh. On the basis of the letter of reference of the police station, medical examination of the injured persons was conducted at Government Hospital, Nigohi, District- Shahjahanpur.

5. As per the medical examination report dated 19.05.1997 at 10:30 A.M. the following injuries were

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