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2024 Supreme(MP) 735

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH AT JABALPUR 
G.S. Ahluwalia, J.
Smt. Shashi Pandey – Petitioner
Versus
The State Of Madhya Pradesh And Others – Respondents
Writ Petition No. 5793 of 2016
Decided On : 03-10-2024

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Shri R.K. Sanghi, Advocate
For the Respondent:Shri Swapnil Ganguly, Deputy Advocate General, Shri Vikram Singh, Advocate

State authorities must follow legal procedures for property acquisition, ensuring citizens' rights to legal remedies and compensation for unlawful dispossession, as stipulated under Article 300-A of the Constitution.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Land Acquisition Act, 1894 - Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 - Petition for restoration of possession and compensation - Petitioner contended that her land was acquired without proper notification and compensation - Court ruled that dispossession was illegal as the land was not included in the acquisition notification, reaffirming that right to property is protected under Article 300-A. Court directed prompt acquisition proceedings and payment of compensation for illegal dispossession with a specified rate. (Paras 5, 12, 46, 59, and 62).

(B) Rights of citizens - State obligations - Emphasizing the necessity for State authorities to adhere to legal mandates to ensure just treatment of citizens’ property rights - Highlighted the need for expedient compliance with existing court orders to prevent unjust deprivation of property rights. (Paras 21, 22, 47, 48 and 50).

Facts of the case:
The petitioner's land was allegedly taken for public purpose in 1988 without following due process, resulting in an extended legal battle with no acquisition proceedings initiated nor compensation paid. Respondents acknowledged their failure to acquire the land and stated that they do not need it. The petitioner has been deprived of possession for 36 years.

Findings of Court:
The Court found the continuous delay in acquisition proceedings unacceptable, emphasizing that the petitioner is entitled to compensation at a determined rate for her illegal dispossession.

Issues: The core legal issues included whether the land was lawfully acquired and whether the petitioner was entitled to compensation for illegal dispossession without lawful procedure.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court emphasized that property cannot be taken without adhering to statutory law, reaffirming the need to provide compensation when dispossession occurs without lawful authority. The rights under Article 300-A protect citizens against illegal deprivation of property.

Result: Petition granted; respondents to ensure compensation payment and acquisition compliance.

Table of Content
1. seeking relief for land acquisition disputes. (Para 2)
2. court's observation on the state’s negligence and duty of care towards property rights. (Para 3 , 11)
3. history of land dispossession and litigation. (Para 4 , 5 , 10)
4. arguments on the condition of property acquisition. (Para 16 , 25 , 26)
5. determination of entitlements for compensation established under constitutional provisions. (Para 18)
6. introduction of legal proceedings regarding dispossession and expectations of compensation. (Para 20)
7. conclusion enforces compensation and contempt proceedings against negligent authorities. (Para 41)
8. constitutional rights related to property. (Para 43 , 46 , 55)
9. significance of adherence to law in property deprivation cases. (Para 48)
10. final order regarding compensation and costs. (Para 60 , 61 , 62)

ORDER :

G.S. Ahluwalia, J.

This petition under Article 226 of Constitution of India has been filed seeking following relief(s):-

(i) call for the entire record pertaining to instant subject matter from the respondents;

(ii) the entire action on the part of the respondents to acquisition of petitioner's land be declared as void ab initio and the acquisition proceedings be declared as lapsed and possession of the land be restored in favour of the petitioner with costs which is quantified @ Rs.1000/- per day for illegal possession and unnecessary harassment;

(iii) alternatively, if the respondents want to acquire the subject land, they be directed to proceed afresh as per the provisions of section 29 and 30(2) and the first schedule appended to Act of 2013 and compensation be paid from the date of illegal possession of her land till restoration along with compensation @ Rs.1000/- per day for illegal possession till the proceedings are completed under 2013 Act.

(iv) Any other relief this Hon'ble Court deems fit/ proper, may also be granted to the petitioner with costs.

(v) The respondents be directed to deliver the peaceful possession of remaining area of Khasra No.52 situate at village Maharajpur except the area 0.271 Hectare on which the road has been constructed and exemplary compensation be granted for the unauthorized possession of the remaining area of the land as quantified In para 7(iii) herein above in the interest of justice.

2. It is the case of the petitioner that possession of land of petitioner was taken without acquiring the same and, therefore, this petition has been filed for the above-mentioned reliefs. Accordingly, on 23/9/2024, this Court had raised certain queries and in response of which, affidavit of Ms. Shivani Singh, SDM, Adhartal, Jabalpur was filed.

3. It is a case where the authorities are out and out to flout the law of land and are not ready to accept their mistake and are also not ready to obey the orders not only passed by different Courts including High Court but are also not ready to comply the order passed by their own predecessor i.e. Collector, Jabalpur.

4. In nutshell the facts are that a notification for acquisition of certain lands was issued but the land owned by the petitioner was not included in the notification issued under Section 6 of the LAND ACQUISITION ACT , 1894. Ultimately, the matter went to the District Court and 9th Additional District Judge, Jabalpur by award dated 26.12.2001 passed in Reference No.1/98 held that as the land belonging to the petitioner was not included in the notification issued under Section 6 of the LAND ACQUISITION ACT , 1894, therefore, it cannot be held that the land belonging to the petitioner was acquired. Accordingly, it was directed that if the land owner has been dispossessed, then the possession should be restored back.

5. It appears that thereafter, W.P. No.380/2005 was filed by the petitioner which was disposed of by order dated 21.08.2006 with a direction to the Collector, Jabalpur to take up the issue and he was directed to take a decision as to whether the State Government is inclined to acquire the land or not and in case if it is dec

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