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2026 Supreme(Mad) 2216

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
P. Dhanabal, J.
Smt. Jothi W/o mathiyalagan - Appellant
Versus
Dinakaran – Respondent
SA No. 487 of 2016 and C.M.P. No.8340 of 2016
Decided On : 24-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. R.Thamaraiselvan
For the Respondent: M/s.Sudha Ramalingam, M/s Devaraj Mahesh, M/s. D. Rajendran

In joint family property disputes, a guardian may transact on behalf of minors without court sanction, provided sales serve family interests.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure - Section 100 - Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956 - Section 8(2) - Second appeal against dismissal of partition suit - Courts below found properties sold for benefit of joint family - Plaintiff’s claim of entitlement to property ownership not substantiated - Power of Attorney and joint family management allow sale without court approval - Appeal dismissed. (Paras 8-19)

(B) Partition claims - Legal eligibility for inheritance and partition must be substantiated with evidence, and allegations of unlawful sale require sufficient proof to be actionable. (Paras 13-16)

Facts of the case:
Appellant filed a suit for partition and injunction over family properties after being denied a share by relatives. Defendants argued properties had already been sold, rendering claims invalid. Suit dismissed for lack of merit.

Findings of Court:
Properties in question were sold by a legal representative without the need for court permission, and as such, the appellant did not demonstrate rightful ownership or entitlement to a share.

Issues: The main issues were whether the appellant was entitled to a share in disputed properties and if sales conducted by the guardian were valid without court approval.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that joint family property can be sold without court consent by the caretaker for family benefit, thereby voiding the appellant's claims for partition.

Result: Second appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. factual background of the property claims. (Para 1 , 2)
2. summary of parties' arguments regarding property rights. (Para 3 , 10 , 11)
3. court's analysis of ownership and joint possession. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. finding on legal principles governing property inheritance. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)
5. final ruling dismissing the appeal. (Para 18 , 19)

JUDGMENT :

P. Dhanabal, J.

The Second Appeal has been preferred as against the decree and judgment passed by the Principal District Judge, Tiruvallur in A.S. No.4 of 2013 dated 25.08.2014, wherein the appellant herein, being the Plaintiff, has filed a Suit in O.S. No.9 of 2004 on the file of the Subordinate Judge, Poonamallee for the reliefs of partition and permanent injunction and the said Suit was dismissed. Aggrieved by the said decree and judgment, the Plaintiff has preferred an appeal in A.S. No.4 of 2013 on the file of the Principal District Judge, Tiruvallur and the First Appellate Court also dismissed the appeal by confirming the judgment and decree passed by the trial Court. Aggrieved by the said decree and judgment, the Plaintiff has preferred this second appeal.

2. The case of the Plaintiff before the trial Court is that the 1st defendant is the mother of the Plaintiff. The defendants 2 to 4 are brothers of the Plaintiff. The 5th defendant is the aunt of the Plaintiff. The Plaintiff and the defendants are the legal heirs of one Chandran. The Plaintiff’s grant father owned a property in Survey No.219 and 214 and the same have been sub-divided. Thereafter, the properties were partitioned among the Plaintiff’s father and grand mother and the Plaintiff’s father’s sister. As per the said partition, the ‘A’ schedule property was allotted to the Plaintiff’s grand mother Alamelu Ammal. The ‘B’ schedule property was allotted to the Plaintiff’s father and ‘C’ schedule property was allotted to the Plaintiff’s father’s sister, i.e., the 5th defendant herein, through a Partition Deed dated 29.06.1989. The Plaintiff’s grand mother Alamelu Ammal died. The Plaintiff and the defendants 1 to 5 are the legal representatives of the deceased Alamelu Ammal. Therefore, the ‘A’ and ‘B’ properties are available for partition between the Plaintiff and the defendants. The Plaintiff is entitled to 1/10 share in ‘A’ Schedule property and 1/5 share in ‘B’ schedule property. The 1 to 4 defendants are each entitled to 1/10 share and the 5th respondent is entitled to 5/10 share over the ‘A’ schedule property. The Plaintiff demanded the defendants for partition, but they refused for the same. The Plaintiff and the defendants are in joint possession and enjoyment of the properties. The Tamil Nadu Housing Board had acquired some properties belong to the Plaintiff’s father, grand mother and aunt, the 5th defendant for public purpose. For which, the Tamil Nadu Housing Board had paid a compensation amount of Rs.6,43,663/-. The Plaintiff and the defendants are entitled to ½ share in the compensation amount. The Plaintiff is entitled to 1/5 share from and out of 1/3 share due to the Plaintiff’s father. At the time of apportionment of compensation amount, the Plaintiff was the minor and without permission of the Court, the share of the minor was withdrawn. The 1st defendant appointed one Thiruveedhi as her Power Agent, without the consent of the Plaintiff. As a Power Agent, the said Thiruveedhi sold the property belongs to the Plaintiff’s father, in which, he has no right to sell. Since the properties are joint family properties, the 1st defendant has no right to give power to sell the joint family properties. The Plaintiff and the defendants are in joint possession and enjoyment of the properties. Therefore, the Plaintiff filed a Suit for partition and for permanent injunction restraining the defendants from alienating the properties.

3. The case of the defendants before the trial Court is that the relationship between the parties are admitted. The grand father of the Plaintiff and the def

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