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2022 Supreme(Guj) 609

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
A.P. THAKER, J.
Minor Saumya Pradipkumar Patel Through Hareshkumar Keshavlal Patel – Appellant
Versus
Shrimad Construction – Respondent
R/Appeal From Order No. 6 of 2021 With Civil Application (For Stay) No. 1 of 2021
Decided on : 15-06-2022

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :MR AMIT M BAROT, MR. JAL UNWALA, SR. ADVOCATE WITH MR JIGAR G GADHAVI, Adv.
For the Respondent:MR. KAMAL TRIVEDI, SR. ADVOCATE WITH MR TATTVAM K. PATEL, adv

Headnote:(A) Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956 - Section 8(2) - Appeal from Order - Natural guardian’s limitations - A minor’s interest in joint family property requires prior court permission for its disposal; absence of which renders the transaction voidable by the minor. (Paras 2, 8, 9)

(B) Jurisdiction of court - Court's power to grant or refuse injunctions is based on considerations of equity and the conduct of parties. (Paras 41, 12)

(C) Pleading and proof - The onus to prove legal necessity in alienation falls on the purchaser. (Paras 6.2, 8.1)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff minor, through his uncle, sought to invalidate transactions void for lack of court approval for selling property in which he had a share, which was handled by his mother. The trial court denied a temporary injunction against the property’s alteration by the defendants.

Findings of Court:
The Court determined that the procedures for selling the minor's interest were inadequately adhered to, maintaining the properties' status pending proper legal proceedings.

Issues: Did the trial court err in dismissing the injunction request without recognizing the minor's rights under the Guardianship Act?

Ratio Decidendi: The court affirmed that transactions affecting a minor’s interest require court approval under Section 8 of the Act, reiterating such sales are voidable and must be challenged in court.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Judgement Key Points

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Table of Content
1. details of the appeal and parties involved. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. court hears appeals and evidence presented. (Para 4 , 6)
3. arguments regarding the need for permission before selling minor's property. (Para 5)
4. conclusion directing expedited trial. (Para 10)

JUDGMENT :

1. Being aggrieved and dissatisfied with the order dated 4.1.2021 passed below Exh-5 in Special Civil Suit No. 120 of 2020 by the learned 4th Additional Senior Civil Judge, Ahmedabad (Rural) at Mirzapur, the appellant who is the original plaintiff has filed the present Appeal from Order under Order 43 Rule 1(r) of CPC.

2. The appellant is the plaintiff and respondents are original defendant before the trial Court. For the sake of brevity and convenience, the parties are referred to in this order, as per the status assigned to them before the trial Court i.e. plaintiff and defendants.

3. The brief facts of the present appeal in nutshell, are as under:

3.1 The plaintiff minor Saumya S/o. Pradipkumar Sunilbhai Patel has preferred the suit, through his next friend namely Haresh Kumar Keshavlal Patel, who is alleged to be maternal uncle of the mother of the minor and he has no adverse interest to that of the minor, for cancellation of the Banakhat dated 15.6.2019 as well as 16.11.2019 General Power of Attorney dated 16.11.2019 as well as sale executed dated 16.11.2019 on the ground that without obtaining required permission under Section 8 (2) of the HINDU MINORITY AND GUARDIANSHIP ACT , 1956 (hereinafter referred to as “the Act”) property having his share has been sold out by sale deed. Along with the plaint, the plaintiff has also moved an application for temporary injunction restraining the defendant No.1 from putting any construction over the suit land and for making any improvement in respect of the suit property till disposal of the suit and from selling, transferring or creating any charge or creating any third party right or otherwise in the suit property or dealing with the suit in any manner till the disposal of the suit. The said application for interim injunction came to be dismissed by the trial Court. This order has been challenged by the plaintiff mainly on the ground that without prior permission of the Court, the Share of the plaintiff could not have been sold and no title to the property could be said to be passed in favour of the defendant No.1. It is also contended that the sale transaction was no for the necessity of the minor and since the transaction was in breach of provision of Section 8 (2) of the HINDU MINORITY AND GUARDIANSHIP ACT , 1956, the trial Court ought to have granted interim injunction against defendant No.1.

4. Heard Mr. Jal Unwala, learned Senior Counsel with Mr. Jigar Gadhvi, learned advocate for the appellant, Mr. Kamal Trivedi, learned Senior Counsel with Mr. Tattvam Patel, learned advocate for the caveator-defendant No.1. None has remained present for other respective respondents, though served. Perused the material placed on record and the decisions cited at bar.

5. Mr. Jal Unwala, learned Senior Counsel assisted by Mr. Jigar Gadhvi, learned advocate for the plaintiff- appellant, has vehemently submitted that in the present case, without prior permission of the concerned Court, the share of the minor has been sold by the mother of the minor. He has submitted that as per Section 8 of the HINDU MINORITY AND GUARDIANSHIP ACT , the prior permission of the Court is required if the share of the minor is proposed to be disposed of by the guardian. He has submitted that in the present case, as per the averment made in the agreement to sell, there was recital to pay Rs. 20 Lakh to the minor and there was also recital that prior permission of the Court would be obtained. He has also submitted that inspite of this averment, share of the minor has been sold by his mother without any prior permission of the Court. He has also submitted that even the purchaser has not persisted for such permission. According to him, in view of

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