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2026 Supreme(Raj) 366

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
SANJEET PUROHIT, J.
Federation of Private Medical and Dental College of Rajasthan – Appellant
Versus
Chairman, Neet PG Medical and Dental Admission/Counselling Board 2025 and Principal and Controller, Sms Medical College and Attached Hospitals – Respondent
S.B. Civil Writ Petition No. 4247 of 2026
Decided On : 13-04-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : M.S. Singhvi, Hemant Ballani
For the Respondents: Vigyan Shah, Milap Chopra

Reservation in educational institutions is state-specific; candidates belonging to reserved categories in their origin state cannot claim such benefits in another state. Adherence to distinct, merit-based category thresholds is essential for postgraduate admissions, and preventing the extension of these benefits to migrants does not constitute illegal domicile-based reservation.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Articles 15(5), 341, 342, and 342A - State reservation acts - Postgraduate medical admission regulations - Reservation status is state-specific, determined by geographic territory and presidential notifications - Benefits of reservation are confined to candidates belonging to the state of origin and cannot be extended to migratory candidates in host states (Paras 8, 8.1, 8.4, 8.6, 8.8).

(B) Admissions - Reservation policy - Denial of relaxed qualifying marks to reserved category candidates from other states is not arbitrary or illegal - Reserved category candidates may compete for unreserved seats if they meet the general category qualifying standards (Paras 10, 10.1).

(C) Merit - Standards - Compromising academic standards to fill vacant seats is prohibited - Maintaining distinct category-wise thresholds is essential for institutional excellence and protecting the integrity of the selection process - Principle of negative equality cannot be invoked to perpetuate irregularities (Paras 12.1, 14, 14.1).

Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged the decision of the counselling authorities to exclude reserved category candidates from other states from participating in the stray vacancy round against reserved seats in the state. The petitioner argued that this denied the benefit of reduced qualifying percentiles to migrant students and effectively created a prohibited domicile-based reservation system.

Findings of Court:
The court held that classification based on state-specific reservation lists is consistent with the constitutional framework. It clarified that since migrant candidates are permitted to compete against unreserved seats, the policy does not constitute a total exclusion or an impermissible domicile-only barrier. The court further emphasized that merit standards for postgraduate courses cannot be lowered to fill vacancies beyond the permissible legal framework.

Issues: The main issues were whether the denial of reservation benefits to out-of-state candidates is constitutionally valid and whether the state’s admission policy constitutes an impermissible form of domicile-based reservation.

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that reservation benefits are restricted to the state where the caste or tribe is notified. Migrants cannot carry their reserved status into another state. Admission regulations requiring adherence to state-specific reservation policies while maintaining category-appropriate qualifying standards are valid and do not infringe upon equality principles.

Result: Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. procedural background and facts leading to the challenge of the impugned administrative decision. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. conflicting contentions regarding domicile-based reservation and eligibility requirements for stray vacancy rounds. (Para 4 , 5)
3. reservation benefits are state-specific under the constitutional scheme and cannot be extended to migratory candidates. (Para 7 , 8)
4. instruction booklets for counselling must be interpreted to exclude reserved-category cut-offs for unreserved seats. (Para 9 , 10 , 11)
5. academic standards and merit cannot be compromised for seat filling; reservation is constitutionally valid for postgraduate admissions. (Para 12 , 13)
6. procedural irregularities in isolated past instances cannot be cited as precedent to bypass mandated legal frameworks. (Para 14 , 15)
7. summary of findings and final dismissal of the writ petition. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)

JUDGMENT :

SANJEET PUROHIT, J.

1. Present writ petition has been filed with the following prayers:-

“(i) The minutes of meeting dated 18.02.2026 (Annex.14) considering the candidates of reserved category of other State in the general category, while denying them the benefits of reduced percentile of the reserved category may kindly be declared illegal and the same may kindly be quashed and set aside.

(ii) It may kindly be declared that the eligibility criteria of percentile so declared by the respondent authorities vide its notification dated 13.01.2026 would apply uniformly to all counselling Board including the respondent No.1.

(iii) The candidates of reserved category of other State may kindly be declared eligible for participation in counselling process for admission in NEET PG 2025-2026 in the reserved category of the State of Rajasthan, if they are falling in reserved category of respective other State.

(iv) appropriate notification for conducting the Special Stray vacancy round of counselling for filling the remaining vacant seats seats MBBS Post Graduate Course in the State of Rajasthan for academic year 2025-2026 while permitting the students of reserved category of other state under the reserved category of the State of Rajasthan with reduced percentile so declared vide notification dated 13.01.2026.

(v) Any further or other orders as this Hon’ble Court may deem fit and proper in the facts and circumstances of the case may pass in favour of petitioner foundation.”

2. Petitioner – Federation of Private Medical and Dental College of Rajasthan has laid challenge to the minutes of meeting dated18.02.2026 (Annexure-15), primarily on the ground that SC/ST/OBC candidates belonging to other States (Non-Rajasthan Domicile) are being treated as unreserved / General category candidates and are also denied the benefit of reduced qualifying percentile, as notified by the Central Government vide notice dated 13.01.2026 (Annexure-8). It is interalia prayed that appropriate directions be issued to Respondent-Authorities to permit such candidates to participate in the stray vacancy round of MBBS PG Course counselling against reserved category seats in the State of Rajasthan.

3. Explaining the facts germane to the controversy involved in present case, learned Senior counsel for the Petitioner Federation, Mr. M.S. Singhvi, assisted by Mr. Hemant Ballani, submitted that NEET PG (MD/MS/DNB) Examination 2025-2026 was conducted as per the Information Bulletin and Counselling Scheme (Annexure- 3), which provides the process of conducting Online Counselling for allotment of PG seats under the All India Quota (AIQ), prescribing therein three rounds of counselling and one stray vacancy round. Clause 3.1 of said Information Bulletin provides for reservation policy of Central Government under the All India Quota. It is further stated that a similar Instruction Booklet was issued by the State of Rajasthan governing State quota seats, and Clause 4 of said Instruction Booklet provides for Reservation Policy.

3.1 It is submitted that after declaration of result

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