SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
INDIRA BANERJEE, J.K. MAHESHWARI, JJ.
RANDHEER SINGH - APPELLANT
VERSUS
THE STATE OF U.P. & ORS. - RESPONDENTS
CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 932, 933 OF 2021(ARISING OUT OF SLP (CRL.) NO. 1190, 4237 OF 2021)
DECIDED ON : 02-09-2021
Constitution of India,1950 - Article 226 - Criminal Procedure Code,1973 - Section 173(2) and 482 - Indian Penal Code,1860 – Sections 417, 206, 421, 207, 208, 210, 239, 240, 242, 243, 246 to 253, 239, 240, 242, 243, 246 to 253, 255 to 261 264,266, 415, 420, 422, 423, 463 to 471, 474, 504 ,424 418 and 419 - Contract Act, 1872 - Section 17 - Sale deeds - Cancellation of the Power of Attorney - Appellant that and his wife were recorded Plot and that they had executed a registered Power of Attorney in favour of Applicant No.1 who has since died - Power of Attorney (since deceased) executed sale deeds in favour of Appellant and his family members pursuant to which, the name of the Appellant and others were mutated in the Revenue records - Held, Repetition that FIR does not disclose any offence so far as Appellant is concerned - There is no whisper of how and in what manner, Appellant is involved in any criminal offence and the charge sheet, relevant part whereof has been extracted absolutely vague - There can be no doubt that jurisdiction under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. should be used sparingly for the purpose of SLP preventing abuse of process of any court or otherwise to secure ends of justice - Allegation and whether essential ingredients of a criminal offence are present or not has to be judged by High Court - There can be no doubt that a complaint disclosing civil transactions may also have a criminal texture - Court has to see whether the dispute of a civil nature has been given colour of criminal offence - Only because a civil remedy is available may not be a ground to quash criminal proceedings - No criminal offence has been made out in the FIR read with the Charge-Sheet so far as this Appellant is concerned other accused Rajan Kumar has died - Appeal is allowed.
JUDGMENT :
Indira Banerjee, J.
Leave granted.
2. This appeal is against a judgment and order dated 15th December, 2020 passed by the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad dismissing the application of the Appellant under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Cr.P.C.’).
3. As recorded in the judgment and order impugned, the application under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C. had been filed for quashing of proceedings in Crime Case No.5973/2020 (State v. Rajan Kumar) under Sections 420, 467, 468 and 471 of the Indian Penal Code (hereinafter referred to as the ‘I.P.C.’), Police Station Shahpur, District Gorakhpur pending in the Court of the Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, IIIrd District Gorakhpur and also to quash the charge sheet dated 18th January, 2020 and summoning order dated 26th June, 2020. The High Court has, in detail, recorded the arguments of the applicants which are very briefly summarised hereinbelow :
(ii) Charge-Sheet had been submitted without proper investigation and evidence;
(iii) No prima facie case was disclosed against the applicants.
4. It is the case of the Appellant that one Arjun Dev and his wife Bela Rani were recorded as Bhumidhar of Plot No. 971M area 918 Aire (hereinafter referred to as the ‘plot in question’) and that they had executed a registered Power of Attorney in favour of the Applicant No.1 Rajan Kumar, who has since died.
5. It is said that on the basis of the said Power of Attorney, the said Rajan Kumar (since deceased) executed sale deeds in favour of the Appellant and his family members on 16th July, 2014, 1st August, 2014, 6th August, 2014 and 23rd July, 2014, pursuant to which, the name of the Appellant and others were mutated in the Revenue records.
6. From the facts, as recorded in the judgment and order under appeal, it appears that during the mutation proceedings, one Smt. Beena Srivastava had filed objections before the Naib Tehsildar but the same were rejected and the property was duly mutated in favour of the Appellant and his family members by an order dated 28th February, 2015.
7. Smt. Beena Srivastava filed an Original Suit No. 971 of 2014 for cancellation of the Power of Attorney dated 4th June, 2014 and the sale deeds executed by Rajan Kumar (since deceased) in favour of the Appellant and his family members but that suit was dismissed under Order VII Rule 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure, by order dated 18th September, 2015.
8. The order dated 18th September, 2015 was challenged in First Appeal No.531 of 2015 before the High Court. That appeal was partly allowed by an order dated 26th November, 2015 with a direction on the Trial Court to return the plaint of the plaintiff for presentation before the appropriate Court.
9. Being aggrieved by the order of the High Court dated 26th November, 2015, Smt. Beena Srivastava, approached this Court by filing Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 2848 of 2016 which had been dismissed by an order dated 8th September, 2016. From the judgment and order impugned, it appears that it had been submitted before the High Court that Chandra Prakash Srivastava and Smt. Beena Srivastava had also filed a Contempt Application No. 706 of 2016 which had been dismissed by an order dated 10th February, 2016. Before the High Court, it was submitted that when Beena Srivastava could not get any relief from the Trial Court right upto this Court, she filed a Writ Petition No. 12275 of 2016 which had also been dismissed by an order dated 28th March, 2016. The said Beena Srivastava’s son, Dr. Virat Swaroop Saxena also filed a contempt application which had been dismissed by an order dated 29th July, 2016.
10. Pursuant to the order dated 28th March, 2016 passed by the High Court in Writ Petition No.12275/2016, the Appellant instituted Original Suit No.608 of 2016 in the Court of Civil Judge, Senior Division, Gorakhpur for permanent injunction in respect of the plots in question. It appears that
The main legal point established is that criminal proceedings should not be used as a tool for harassment in civil disputes, and the inherent power under Section 482 Cr.P.C. should be used to prevent....
The court emphasized that civil disputes should not be converted into criminal cases, and the continuation of such proceedings constitutes an abuse of the legal process.
The court established that civil disputes should not be cloaked as criminal offences, and quashing is warranted when no prima facie case exists.
The discrepancies in the metes and bounds did not amount to forgery or cheating, and the allegations in the FIR did not make out any offence under the relevant sections of the IPC.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the inherent jurisdiction of the court under section 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code can be exercised to prevent abuse of the process of la....
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