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2023 Supreme(Kar) 1288

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA (DHARWAD BENCH)
ANANT RAMANATH HEGDE, J.
Basaventavva and Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Sri. Irappa and Ors. - Respondents
Regular First Appeal No. 4103 of 2013 (DEC/PAR-).
Decided on : 22-08-2023.

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Sri. D.L.Ladkhan, Advocate
For the Respondent:Sri. S C Hiremath, Sri. R.G.Dhongadi, Advocate and Smt. Uma H Handi, Advocate and Sri Mahesh B Vaggear, Advocate

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, Section 96; Hindu Succession Act, Section 8 - Partition and inheritance rights - Plaintiffs are entitled to equal shares in 'A' and 'B' schedule properties due to lack of evidence of prior partition and recognition of daughters' rights under the Act - The trial Court’s partial decree regarding shares is modified, allowing entitlements of 1/5th each in specified properties. (Paras 2, 6, 24, 27)

(B) Family Arrangements - The court upholds that family arrangements can exist without formal documentation, if intention to resolve disputes is evident - Previous partition needs to satisfy criteria of the family arrangement as outlined in precedent judgments. (Paras 14, 18, 20)

Facts of the case:
The suit involves two daughters of a deceased individual claiming inheritance in properties originally held by their father, contested by their brothers based on an alleged partition from 1981. The claim is supported by property mutations and defense of rightful ownership presented by both sides. (Paras 4.1, 4.5, 5)

Findings of Court:
The court concluded the daughters are entitled to equal shares as there was no effective partition, thereby acknowledging their legal rights as per the Hindu Succession Act. (Paras 24, 27)

Issues: The court considered the legitimacy of a claimed partition and the rights of daughters born before a specific date under applicable inheritance laws. (Paras 11, 24)

Ratio Decidendi: The ruling emphasizes the need for documented evidence of partition, and the precedent that, without clear evidence, claims of partition cannot override equal entitlements of heirs under law. (Paras 20, 24)

Result: Appeal is allowed in part; shares modified in line with legal entitlements.

Table of Content
1. judgment of the trial court regarding partition. (Para 1 , 2 , 5 , 6)
2. arguments on validity of previous partition. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
3. analysis of the 1981 mutation entry. (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 18)
4. principles surrounding family settlements. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 20)
5. entitlement of daughters to properties. (Para 21 , 22 , 23)
6. final orders on appeal and partition. (Para 24 , 26 , 27)

JUDGMENT :

Mr. Anant Ramanath Hegde, J. - The defendants No.2 to 6 in O.S.No.124/2010 on the file of III Additional Senior Civil Judge, Hubballi are before this Court under section 96 of Code of Civil Procedure ('Code' for short) challenging the judgment and decree dated 28.02.2013 passed in the above said suit.

2. The suit for partition and separate possession filed by the two daughters of late Chandrappa is decreed in part. Plaintiff No.2 was given 1/5th + 1/25th share and plaintiff No.1 is also held entitled to 1/25th share in Item Nos.1 to 3, 5 and 6 of the suit schedule properties. The plaintiffs have not questioned the said judgment and decree.

3. Genealogy of the parties is as under:

IMAGE

Brief facts:

4.1 One Chandrappa was the propositus. He died on 20.11.1989. His wife Shankravva died on 05.09.2006. The couple had three sons and two daughters. Irappa is the elder son, Godachappa is the second son and second son died in 1995, Akkavva is the daughter who is plaintiff No.1, Savakka is another daughter who is plaintiff No.2 and Fakkirappa is the last son who is arrayed as defendant No.7. The heirs of Godachappa, the second son who died in 1995 are arrayed as defendants No.2 to 6. Defendants No.8 and 9 are the purchasers of one of the suit schedule properties bearing Sy.No.147/1B measuring 4 acres. The suit is filed in respect of 'A' schedule properties which are seven in number and agricultural lands and 'B' schedule which are four in number which are the residential houses.

4.2 The plaintiffs claim that all the properties were originally held by Chandrappa, the propositus and after his demise the mother and children inherited the properties and there is no partition between the brothers and sisters and there was no partition during the lifetime of the father of the plaintiffs i.e. Chandrappa, as such the plaintiffs claim equal share in the suit schedule properties.

4.3 The defendants No.3 to 6 contested the suit. The defendants put up a defence of previous partition of 1981 and it is their contention that in the partition of 1981 the Item No.1 of 'A' schedule properties is allotted to the share of the father Chandrappa and remaining Item Nos.2 to 7 properties are divided between three sons of Chandrappa.

4.4 Contesting defendants contend that this partition of 1981 is duly evidenced in mutation entry No.5595 of Yaraguppi village. It is their further contention that this partition is acted upon and it is also contended that the property bearing Sy.No.147/1B was sold in the year 1992 in favour of defendant No.8 and Sy.No.49/2A was sold in favour of defendant No.9 in the year 2000.

4.5 The purchasers namely defendants No.8 and 9 also contested the suit and claimed that they are the bonafide purchasers of the properties purchased by them and prayed for dismissal of the suit.

4.6 The trial Court accepted the claim of the plaintiffs in respect of the properties which are in the hands of the brothers. The suit is dismissed insofar as properties which are already sold. The trial Court has also accepted the contention of the defendants that plaintiff No.2 being born before 1956 is not entitled to claim equal share in the suit schedule properties.

5. Aggrieved by the aforementioned judgment and decree, defendants No.2 to 6 are in appeal.

6. Heard Sri.D.L.Ladkhan, the learned counsel for the appellants and Sri.S.C.Hiremath, the learned counsel for respondents No.2 and 3.

7. Sri.D.L.Ladkhan, the learned counsel for the appellants would submit that the previous partition though pleaded and established by the defendants, the trial Court faile

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