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2025 Supreme(Kar) 1298

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
Anant Ramanath Hegde, J.
Sri Venkatesha And Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Smt Lakshmidevi And Ors. - Respondents
Regular Second Appeal No. 304 of 2013 (POS)
Decided On : 02-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Sri Somashekhar Kashimath, Advocate
For the Respondent:Sri K Rama Bhat, Advocate

Transfer of property under the guise of partition is invalid if conducted in violation of a court's interim order, as it does not legally confer rights upon transferees.

Headnote:(A) Hindu Succession Act, 1956 - Amendment of Section 6 - Partition and self-acquired property - The suit for partition was contested; the trial court dismissed the suit. The first appellate court held items No.2 to 8 were self-acquired properties of defendant No.1, while items No.9 to 11 were ancestral properties, granting respective shares accordingly. (Paras 9-11)

(B) Interim orders and validity of transfers - The first appellate court determined that partition executed by defendant No.1 during the interim restraining order was invalid. The ruling emphasized that transfers violate court orders do not grant rights. (Paras 20-30)

(C) Rights of proposed parties - The court allowed a proposed respondent claiming to be the son of Meenakshi to come on record for the final decree proceeding. (Paras 33-34)

Facts of the case:
The appeal centers on partition claims among a family, where properties were deemed either self-acquired or ancestral. Dispute arose over the validity of transfers made under an interim restraining order and the status of a proposed son.

Findings of Court:
The first appellate court's findings were generally upheld, establishing that the partition was invalid due to contravention of a restraining order, influencing rights conferred.

Issues: The key questions included the nature of the properties (self-acquired vs. ancestral), the validity of the partition in light of interim orders, and the admission of a claim by a proposed respondent.

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that the transfer via partition violated the interim order and did not confer rights, hence was invalid. Thereby, properties at items No.2 to 8 were affirmed as self-acquired without reported rights being conferred improperly.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. background details of the family and lawsuit. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. dispute over ownership and claims on properties. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
3. death of parties affecting proceedings. (Para 10 , 11)
4. arguments against partition ruling. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
5. legal standing of proposed respondent. (Para 17 , 18)
6. determination of key legal questions. (Para 19)
7. court's reasoning on partition legality. (Para 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26)
8. consequences of transfer in violation of court orders. (Para 27 , 28 , 30)
9. modification of share based on amended law. (Para 31 , 32)
10. respondent's claim and proceedings allowed. (Para 33 , 34)
11. conclusion and order of the court. (Para 35 , 36)

JUDGMENT :

Anant Ramanath Hegde, J.

This appeal is filed against the divergent finding in a suit for partition and separate possession.

2. Admitted Genealogy is as under:

H. Bhagavanthappa S/o. H. Hanumanthappa (70)

wife Smt. Rathnamma (65)

Vijayalakshmii (43) Married

Anusuya (Pothi)

Padmakshi (39) Married

Venkatesh (37)

Meenakshi (Pothi)

Lakshmi Devi (33) MarriedShantharaju (21)

3. H.Bhagavanthappa was the propositus. Rathnamma is the wife of the propositus. The couple H.Bhavanthappa and Rathnamma had 7 children namely Vijayalakshimi, Anusuya, Padakshi, Venkatesh, Meenakshi, Lakshmidevi and Shantharaju. It is stated that Anusuya died issueless and she was unmarried.

4. The suit is filed by Lakshmidevi against her father H.Bhagavanthappa-defendant No.1 and brothers Shantharaju and Venkatesh and Sisters, Vijayalakshmi, Padmakshi. Rathnamma the mother of the plaintiff is arrayed as defendant No.6. It is now stated that Meenakshi died in the year 1992.

5. An Application is filed before this Court by Punith who claims to be the son of Meenakshi. That application is still pending consideration as the appellants have filed objection to the said application disputing the status of Punith as son of Meenakshi.

6. Before the Trial Court, the defendants took a stand that the suit is not maintainable as the property at item No.1 is not in existence and property at items No.2 to 6 are the self- acquired properties of defendant No.1 -H.Bhagavanthappa and item No.7 is the self-acquired property of defendant No.3 and item No.8 is the self-acquired property of defendant No.2.

7. On contest, the suit is dismissed. Plaintiff filed an appeal before First Appellate Court. During the pendency of the case before the Trial Court, there was an interim order restraining defendant No.1 from alienating suit schedule properties. Before First Appellate Court three more properties were impleaded as items No.9 to 11.

8. On contest, First Appellate Court held that item No.1 is not in existence and was sold prior to the suit. As far as items No.2 to 8 properties are concerned, First Appellate Court held the properties are self-acquired properties of defendant No.1. Items No.9 to 11 properties are held to be ancestral properties.

9. First Appellate Court also held that the transfer made by defendant No.1 during the pendency of the suit in violation of the interim order restraining transfer is invalid. Thus, First Appellate Court came to the conclusion that defendants No.2 and 3 in whose favour the transfer was made did not acquire any exclusive right over the properties. However, noticing the fact that defendant No.1 died during the pendency of the appeal, First Appellate Court held that the succession has opened in favour of the parties to the proceeding and granted 1/6th share in respect of items No.2 to 8 and granted 7/36th share in properties at items No.9 to 11 in favour of the plaintiff.

10. Aggrieved by the aforementioned judgment and decree defendants No.3, 4 and 6 are before this Court. Defendant No.6/appellant No.3 is no more.

11. Defendant No.6 who is appellant No.3- the mother of the plaintiff has died during the pendency of this appeal. She died intestate.

12. Learned counsel appearing for the appellants would contend that First Appellate Court erred in

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